Difference between revisions of "What is OER?"

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__NOTOC__
 
 
==What are Open Educational Resources (OER)?==
 
==What are Open Educational Resources (OER)?==
  
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Open Education "...is the simple and powerful idea that the world’s knowledge is a public good and that technology in general and the Worldwide Web in particular provide an extraordinary opportunity for everyone to share, use, and reuse knowledge."
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=== Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research materials that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others.===
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<br/>—[http://www.hewlett.org/oer The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation]
 
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Open educational resources (OER) are educational resources (e.g. learning aids, reference materials, textbooks) that are free to use and free to distribute, no matter who or where you are. Truly '''open''' educational resources are free for anyone to improve and build upon, mix with other OER, and remix into other mediums (such as different languages, formats, or contexts).
 
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For more on OER, see the full [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_educational_resources Wikipedia article].
 
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== Existing OER Definitions ==
 
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===The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation===
 
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"OER are teaching, learning, and research resources that reside in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use or re-purposing by others. Open educational resources include full courses, course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests, software, and any other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to knowledge."<ref>http://hewlett.org/oer in the Hewlett OER report PDF download.</ref>
 
  
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===The OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) and UNESCO===
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== OER Definitions ==
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"digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students, and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning, and research. OER includes learning content, software tools to develop, use, and distribute content, and implementation resources such as open licences."<ref>http://oerwiki.iiep-unesco.org/index.php?title=UNESCO_OER_Toolkit/Background_to_Open_Educational_Resources</ref><ref>http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/35/7/38654317.pdf (PDF)</ref>
 
  
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===The Cape Town Open Education Declaration===
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===[http://www.hewlett.org/programs/education-program/open-educational-resources The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation]===
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"[O]pen educational resources should be freely shared through open licences which facilitate use, revision, translation, improvement and sharing by anyone. Resources should be published in formats that facilitate both use and editing, and that accommodate a diversity of technical platforms. Whenever possible, they should also be available in formats that are accessible to people with disabilities and people who do not yet have access to the Internet."<ref>http://www.capetowndeclaration.org/read-the-declaration</ref>
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"At Hewlett, we use the term “open education” to encompass the myriad of learning resources, teaching practices and education policies that use the flexibility of OER to provide learners with high quality educational experiences. Creative Commons defines OER as teaching, learning, and research materials that are either (a) in the public domain or (b) licensed in a manner that provides everyone with free and perpetual permission to engage in the 5R activities– retaining, remixing, revising, reusing and redistributing the resources." [https://hewlett.org/strategy/open-education/]
  
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===Wikipedia===
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===[http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/35/7/38654317.pdf OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)]===
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"Open educational resources are educational materials and resources offered freely and openly for anyone to use and under some licenses to re-mix, improve, and redistribute. Open educational resources include:
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"digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students, and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning, and research. OER includes learning content, software tools to develop, use, and distribute content, and implementation resources such as open licences."
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Learning content: full courses, course materials, content modules, learning objects, collections, and journals.  
 
  
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Tools: Software to support the creation, delivery, use, and improvement of open learning content including searching and organization of content, content and learning management systems, content development tools, and on-line learning communities.  
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===[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/events/calendar-of-events/events-websites/world-open-educational-resources-congress/ UNESCO]===
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"teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions."
  
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Implementation resources: Intellectual property licenses to promote open publishing of materials, design-principles, and localization of content."<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_educational_resources</ref>
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===[http://www.capetowndeclaration.org/read-the-declaration The Cape Town Open Education Declaration]===
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"[O]pen educational resources should be freely shared through open licences which facilitate use, revision, translation, improvement and sharing by anyone. Resources should be published in formats that facilitate both use and editing, and that accommodate a diversity of technical platforms. Whenever possible, they should also be available in formats that are accessible to people with disabilities and people who do not yet have access to the Internet."
  
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===The Wikieducator OER Handbook===
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===[http://www.wikieducator.org/OER_Handbook/educator_version_one The Wikieducator OER Handbook]===
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"The term "Open Educational Resource(s)" (OER) refers to educational resources (lesson plans, quizzes, syllabi, instructional modules, simulations, etc.) that are freely available for use, reuse, adaptation, and sharing."<ref>http://www.wikieducator.org/OER_Handbook/educator_version_one</ref>
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"The term "Open Educational Resource(s)" (OER) refers to educational resources (lesson plans, quizzes, syllabi, instructional modules, simulations, etc.) that are freely available for use, reuse, adaptation, and sharing."
  
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===OER Commons===
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===[http://www.oercommons.org/about#about-open-educational-resources OER Commons]===
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"Open Educational Resources are teaching and learning materials that you may freely use and reuse, without charge. OER often have a Creative Commons or GNU license that state specifically how the material may be used, reused, adapted, and shared."<ref>http://www.oercommons.org/about#about-open-educational-resources</ref>
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"Open Educational Resources are teaching and learning materials that you may freely use and reuse, without charge. OER often have a Creative Commons or GNU license that state specifically how the material may be used, reused, adapted, and shared."
  
 
=== Table ===
 
=== Table ===
  
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{| style="border: 1px solid black; padding:5px;" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="1"
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{| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="1px" align="center"
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|+OER definition comparison chart
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! width="15%" |
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! Definition
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! width="20%" | Open copyright license required
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! Open copyright license required
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! width="20%" | Right of access, adaptation, and republication
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! Right of access, adaptation, and republication
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! width="20%" | Non-discriminatory (rights given to everyone, everywhere)
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! Non-discriminatory (rights given to everyone, everywhere)
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! width="20%" | Does not limit use or form (does not include [[NonCommercial]] limitations)
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! Does not delimit "educational resources" to specific use or form
 
 
|-
 
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! Hewlett Foundation
 
! Hewlett Foundation
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
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| X
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|-
 
|-
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! OECD and UNESCO
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! OECD
 
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
 
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! UNESCO
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
 
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! Cape Town Declaration
 
! Cape Town Declaration
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
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| X
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| X
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! Wikipedia
 
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| X
 
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| X
 
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! Wikieducator OER Handbook
 
! Wikieducator OER Handbook
 
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|
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
 
|-
 
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! OER Commons
 
! OER Commons
 
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| X
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| [[File:Check.png | 42px]]
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| X
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| X
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|}
 
|}
  
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==References==
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{{OER Nav}}
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<references />
 
  
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{{OER Nav}}
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{{Translations
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| articles = Pt:O que é OER?, De:Was ist OER?
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}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 18:21, 23 August 2024

What are Open Educational Resources (OER)?

Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research materials that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others.

OER Definitions

The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation

"At Hewlett, we use the term “open education” to encompass the myriad of learning resources, teaching practices and education policies that use the flexibility of OER to provide learners with high quality educational experiences. Creative Commons defines OER as teaching, learning, and research materials that are either (a) in the public domain or (b) licensed in a manner that provides everyone with free and perpetual permission to engage in the 5R activities– retaining, remixing, revising, reusing and redistributing the resources." [1]

OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)

"digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students, and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning, and research. OER includes learning content, software tools to develop, use, and distribute content, and implementation resources such as open licences."

UNESCO

"teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions."

The Cape Town Open Education Declaration

"[O]pen educational resources should be freely shared through open licences which facilitate use, revision, translation, improvement and sharing by anyone. Resources should be published in formats that facilitate both use and editing, and that accommodate a diversity of technical platforms. Whenever possible, they should also be available in formats that are accessible to people with disabilities and people who do not yet have access to the Internet."

The Wikieducator OER Handbook

"The term "Open Educational Resource(s)" (OER) refers to educational resources (lesson plans, quizzes, syllabi, instructional modules, simulations, etc.) that are freely available for use, reuse, adaptation, and sharing."

OER Commons

"Open Educational Resources are teaching and learning materials that you may freely use and reuse, without charge. OER often have a Creative Commons or GNU license that state specifically how the material may be used, reused, adapted, and shared."

Table

Open copyright license required Right of access, adaptation, and republication Non-discriminatory (rights given to everyone, everywhere) Does not limit use or form (does not include NonCommercial limitations)
Hewlett Foundation Check.png Check.png Check.png Check.png
OECD Check.png
UNESCO Check.png Check.png Check.png Check.png
Cape Town Declaration Check.png Check.png Check.png
Wikieducator OER Handbook Check.png Check.png Check.png
OER Commons Check.png Check.png Check.png
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