Difference between revisions of "What is OER?"

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__NOTOC__
 
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==What is Open Education?==
 
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Open Education "...is the simple and powerful idea that the world’s knowledge is a public good and that technology in general and the Worldwide Web in particular provide an extraordinary opportunity for everyone to share, use, and reuse knowledge."
 
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<br/>—[http://www.hewlett.org/oer The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation]
 
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Open education brings the ideas behind open source to the world of education. Open educational resources (OER) are learning aids, reference materials, and even textbooks that are free to use and free to distribute—whether you’re a teacher, a learner, or a little of both. What's more, truly open educational resources are free for you to improve and build upon, mix with other OER, and derive into other mediums—such as different languages, song, or video.
 
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"Open educational resources (OER) are an Internet empowered worldwide community effort to create an education commons. The term "open educational resources" was first adopted at UNESCO's 2002 Forum on the Impact of Open Courseware for Higher Education in Developing Countries funded by <includeonly>the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation."</includeonly></onlyinclude>[http://www.hewlett.org/oer the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation]."—[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_educational_resources Wikipedia]
 
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==What are Open Educational Resources (OER)?==
 
==What are Open Educational Resources (OER)?==
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OER is an acronym for Open Educational Resources. [http://www.hewlett.org/oer The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation] defines OER as "teaching, learning and research resources that reside in the public domain or have been released under an intellectual property license that permits their free use or re-purposing by others. Open educational resources include full courses, course materials, modules, textbooks, streaming videos, tests, software, and any other tools, materials or techniques used to support access to knowledge."
 
  
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''From [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_educational_resources Wikipedia]:''
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=== Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research materials that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others.===
  
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"The term "open educational resources" was first adopted at UNESCO's 2002 Forum on the Impact of Open Courseware for Higher Education in Developing Countries funded by the [[William and Flora Hewlett Foundation]]. Open educational resources are educational materials and resources offered freely and openly for anyone to use and under some licenses to re-mix, improve and redistribute.  Open educational resources include:
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== OER Definitions ==
  
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[[Image:CcLearn_Slides.010.jpg]]"
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===[http://www.hewlett.org/programs/education-program/open-educational-resources The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation]===
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"At Hewlett, we use the term “open education” to encompass the myriad of learning resources, teaching practices and education policies that use the flexibility of OER to provide learners with high quality educational experiences. Creative Commons defines OER as teaching, learning, and research materials that are either (a) in the public domain or (b) licensed in a manner that provides everyone with free and perpetual permission to engage in the 5R activities– retaining, remixing, revising, reusing and redistributing the resources." [https://hewlett.org/strategy/open-education/]
  
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For more on OER, its history, and how it fits in with the open source software movement, see the full [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_educational_resources Wikipedia article].
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===[http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/35/7/38654317.pdf OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)]===
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"digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students, and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning, and research. OER includes learning content, software tools to develop, use, and distribute content, and implementation resources such as open licences."
  
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===OER as a Movement===
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===[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/events/calendar-of-events/events-websites/world-open-educational-resources-congress/ UNESCO]===
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[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_educational_resources Wikipedia] also defines it as "an Internet empowered worldwide community effort to create an education commons." OER is more than just resources; it is also a movement.
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"teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions."
  
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"At the heart of the movement toward Open Educational Resources is the simple and powerful idea that the world’s knowledge is a public good and that technology in general and the Worldwide Web in particular provide an extraordinary opportunity for everyone to share, use, and reuse knowledge. OER are the parts of that knowledge that comprise the fundamental components of education - content and tools for teaching, learning and research." ([http://www.hewlett.org/Programs/Education/OER/openEdResources.htm The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation])
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===[http://www.capetowndeclaration.org/read-the-declaration The Cape Town Open Education Declaration]===
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"[O]pen educational resources should be freely shared through open licences which facilitate use, revision, translation, improvement and sharing by anyone. Resources should be published in formats that facilitate both use and editing, and that accommodate a diversity of technical platforms. Whenever possible, they should also be available in formats that are accessible to people with disabilities and people who do not yet have access to the Internet."
  
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Read more about [[What_is_Open_Education?|Open Education]].
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===[http://www.wikieducator.org/OER_Handbook/educator_version_one The Wikieducator OER Handbook]===
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"The term "Open Educational Resource(s)" (OER) refers to educational resources (lesson plans, quizzes, syllabi, instructional modules, simulations, etc.) that are freely available for use, reuse, adaptation, and sharing."
  
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===[http://www.capetowndeclaration.org/read-the-declaration The Capetown Open Education Declaration]===
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===[http://www.oercommons.org/about#about-open-educational-resources OER Commons]===
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"This emerging open education movement combines the established tradition of sharing good ideas with fellow educators and the collaborative, interactive culture of the Internet. It is built on the belief that everyone should have the freedom to use, customize, improve and redistribute educational resources without constraint. Educators, learners and others who share this belief are gathering together as part of a worldwide effort to make education both more accessible and more effective.
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"Open Educational Resources are teaching and learning materials that you may freely use and reuse, without charge. OER often have a Creative Commons or GNU license that state specifically how the material may be used, reused, adapted, and shared."
  
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The expanding global collection of open educational resources has created fertile ground for this effort. These resources include openly licensed course materials, lesson plans, textbooks, games, software and other materials that support teaching and learning. They contribute to making education more accessible, especially where money for learning materials is scarce. They also nourish the kind of participatory culture of learning, creating, sharing and cooperation that rapidly changing knowledge societies need.
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=== Table ===
  
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However, open education is not limited to just open educational resources. It also draws upon open technologies that facilitate collaborative, flexible learning and the open sharing of teaching practices that empower educators to benefit from the best ideas of their colleagues. It may also grow to include new approaches to assessment, accreditation and collaborative learning. Understanding and embracing innovations like these is critical to the long term vision of this movement."
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{|  cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="1px" align="center"
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! width="15%" |
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! width="20%" | Open copyright license required
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! width="20%" | Right of access, adaptation, and republication
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! width="20%" | Non-discriminatory (rights given to everyone, everywhere)
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! width="20%" | Does not limit use or form (does not include [[NonCommercial]] limitations)
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|-
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! Hewlett Foundation
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! OECD
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! UNESCO
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|-
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! Cape Town Declaration
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! Wikieducator OER Handbook
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! OER Commons
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===[[Find Educational Resources]]===
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{{OER Nav}}
  
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===[[Resources|Resources ''about'' Open Educational Resources]]===
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{{Translations
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| articles = Pt:O que é OER?, De:Was ist OER?
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}}
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__NOTOC__

Latest revision as of 18:21, 23 August 2024

What are Open Educational Resources (OER)?

Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching, learning, and research materials that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits their free use and re-purposing by others.

OER Definitions

The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation

"At Hewlett, we use the term “open education” to encompass the myriad of learning resources, teaching practices and education policies that use the flexibility of OER to provide learners with high quality educational experiences. Creative Commons defines OER as teaching, learning, and research materials that are either (a) in the public domain or (b) licensed in a manner that provides everyone with free and perpetual permission to engage in the 5R activities– retaining, remixing, revising, reusing and redistributing the resources." [1]

OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)

"digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students, and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning, and research. OER includes learning content, software tools to develop, use, and distribute content, and implementation resources such as open licences."

UNESCO

"teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions."

The Cape Town Open Education Declaration

"[O]pen educational resources should be freely shared through open licences which facilitate use, revision, translation, improvement and sharing by anyone. Resources should be published in formats that facilitate both use and editing, and that accommodate a diversity of technical platforms. Whenever possible, they should also be available in formats that are accessible to people with disabilities and people who do not yet have access to the Internet."

The Wikieducator OER Handbook

"The term "Open Educational Resource(s)" (OER) refers to educational resources (lesson plans, quizzes, syllabi, instructional modules, simulations, etc.) that are freely available for use, reuse, adaptation, and sharing."

OER Commons

"Open Educational Resources are teaching and learning materials that you may freely use and reuse, without charge. OER often have a Creative Commons or GNU license that state specifically how the material may be used, reused, adapted, and shared."

Table

Open copyright license required Right of access, adaptation, and republication Non-discriminatory (rights given to everyone, everywhere) Does not limit use or form (does not include NonCommercial limitations)
Hewlett Foundation Check.png Check.png Check.png Check.png
OECD Check.png
UNESCO Check.png Check.png Check.png Check.png
Cape Town Declaration Check.png Check.png Check.png
Wikieducator OER Handbook Check.png Check.png Check.png
OER Commons Check.png Check.png Check.png
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