https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&feed=atom&action=historyOSTP publications RFI 2012 - Revision history2024-03-28T21:55:41ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.30.0https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54805&oldid=prevCCID-tvol at 20:45, 13 January 20122012-01-13T20:45:42Z<p></p>
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</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54804&oldid=prevCCID-tvol at 20:45, 13 January 20122012-01-13T20:45:22Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Re: OSTP Request for Information: Public Access to Peer-Reviewed Scholarly Publications Resulting From Federally Funded Research<ref>http://federalregister.gov/a/2011-28623</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Re: OSTP Request for Information: Public Access to Peer-Reviewed Scholarly Publications Resulting From Federally Funded Research<ref>http://federalregister.gov/a/2011-28623</ref></div></td></tr>
</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54794&oldid=prevCCID-tvol at 18:37, 13 January 20122012-01-13T18:37:27Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 8 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 8 ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The public should be granted immediate access to the content of peer-reviewed scholarly publications resulting from federally funded research. Immediate access is the ideal method to optimize the scientific and commercial utility of the information contained in the articles. Especially for the scientific community, publicly funded scholarly research should be immediately available to speed the discovery of cures for diseases and promote the advancement of science.<ref>The Tuberculosis Commons (TB Commons) Initiative Open Innovation Team “believes that open models can accelerate knowledge turns resulting in a faster drug development process.” Content provided by end-users to the site is released into the public domain using the under the CC0 Public Domain Dedication tool. See http://www.tbcommons.org/initiative/.</ref>  Immediate access speeds up the research and development cycle, thus leading to faster development of value-added research, products and services. Immediate access can promote the creation of new and unexpected jobs in the agricultural, green energy, and biotechnology sectors, and boost interdisciplinary research collaborations and partnerships. Of course, if articles are published in an open access journal, there is no embargo period. For example, PLoS provides immediate, free access and unrestricted reuse (with attribution required under CC BY) to their peer-reviewed journals.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The public should be granted immediate access to the content of peer-reviewed scholarly publications resulting from federally funded research. Immediate access is the ideal method to optimize the scientific and commercial utility of the information contained in the articles. Especially for the scientific community, publicly funded scholarly research should be immediately available to speed the discovery of cures for diseases and promote the advancement of science.<ref>The Tuberculosis Commons (TB Commons) Initiative Open Innovation Team “believes that open models can accelerate knowledge turns resulting in a faster drug development process.” Content provided by end-users to the site is released into the public domain using the under the CC0 Public Domain Dedication tool. See http://www.tbcommons.org/initiative/.</ref>  Immediate access speeds up the research and development cycle, thus leading to faster development of value-added research, products and services. Immediate access can promote the creation of new and unexpected jobs in the agricultural, green energy, and biotechnology sectors, and boost interdisciplinary research collaborations and partnerships. Of course, if articles are published in an open access journal, there is no embargo period. For example, PLoS provides immediate, free access and unrestricted reuse (with attribution required under CC BY) to their peer-reviewed journals.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">We thank OSTP for the opportunity to provide comments to this RFI, and we’re happy to answer any other questions you may have. </del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54790&oldid=prevCCID-tvol: /* Comment 2 */2012-01-13T18:17:48Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Comment 2</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:17, 13 January 2012</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We assume the federal government is interested in widespread distribution of the non-defense research it funds because it increases the reach and impact of that research. If the federal government wishes to maximize the impact of the public’s tax dollars, it should set the license and copyright terms for content created using its funds. A grant recipient may choose, or not, to accept those terms when funding is offered. The federal government might explore other options such as full open access policies, which exercise copyright law less than “all rights reserved” by leveraging open licenses to communicate rights and permissions to downstream users.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We assume the federal government is interested in widespread distribution of the non-defense research it funds because it increases the reach and impact of that research. If the federal government wishes to maximize the impact of the public’s tax dollars, it should set the license and copyright terms for content created using its funds. A grant recipient may choose, or not, to accept those terms when funding is offered. The federal government might explore other options such as full open access policies, which exercise copyright law less than “all rights reserved” by leveraging open licenses to communicate rights and permissions to downstream users.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Open licensing requirements are already in place in some federal grant programs. The Department of Labor’s Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training grant program mandates that grant recipients make available any new content created with grant funds under the Creative Commons Attribution license.<ref>The open licensing requirement in the Department of Labor Solicitation for Grant Applications says: “In order to further the goal of career training and education and encourage innovation in the development of new learning materials, as a condition of the receipt of a Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grant (“Grant”), the Grantee will be required to license to the public (not including the Federal Government) all work created with the support of the grant (“Work”) under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (“License”). This License allows subsequent users to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the copyrighted work and requires such users to attribute the work in the manner specified by the Grantee. Notice of the License shall be affixed to the Work.” Available at http://www.doleta.gov/grants/pdf/SGA-DFA-PY-10-03.pdf.</ref>  The CC framework ensures broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize the federally funded research while simultaneously ensuring that proper credit and important legal protections are retained.<ref>There are additional features to CC licenses that grant broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize federally funded research outputs while ensuring that proper credit is given to federal agencies and authors sharing that research. See http://epsiplatform.eu/sites/default/files/Topic%20Report%20No%2023%20Ceative%20Commons%20and%20PSI.pdf, p. 7-10.</ref>  CC licenses have also been upheld in copyright litigation are enforceable under copyright law.<ref>For more information, see http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Case_Law.</ref>  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Open licensing requirements are already in place in some federal grant programs. The Department of Labor’s Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training grant program mandates that grant recipients make available any new content created with grant funds under the Creative Commons Attribution license.<ref>The open licensing requirement in the Department of Labor Solicitation for Grant Applications says: “In order to further the goal of career training and education and encourage innovation in the development of new learning materials, as a condition of the receipt of a Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grant (“Grant”), the Grantee will be required to license to the public (not including the Federal Government) all work created with the support of the grant (“Work”) under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (“License”). This License allows subsequent users to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the copyrighted work and requires such users to attribute the work in the manner specified by the Grantee. Notice of the License shall be affixed to the Work.” Available at http://www.doleta.gov/grants/pdf/SGA-DFA-PY-10-03.pdf.</ref>  The CC framework ensures broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize the federally funded research while simultaneously ensuring that proper credit and important legal protections are retained.<ref>There are additional features to CC licenses that grant broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize federally funded research outputs while ensuring that proper credit is given to federal agencies and authors sharing that research. See http://epsiplatform.eu/sites/default/files/Topic%20Report%20No%2023%20Ceative%20Commons%20and%20PSI.pdf, p. 7-10.</ref>  CC licenses have also been upheld in copyright litigation are enforceable under copyright law.<ref>For more information, see http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Case_Law.</ref></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 3 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 3 ==</div></td></tr>
</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54789&oldid=prevCCID-tvol at 18:10, 13 January 20122012-01-13T18:10:51Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We assume the federal government is interested in widespread distribution of the non-defense research it funds because it increases the reach and impact of that research. If the federal government wishes to maximize the impact of the public’s tax dollars, it should set the license and copyright terms for content created using its funds. A grant recipient may choose, or not, to accept those terms when funding is offered. The federal government might explore other options such as full open access policies, which exercise copyright law less than “all rights reserved” by leveraging open licenses to communicate rights and permissions to downstream users.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We assume the federal government is interested in widespread distribution of the non-defense research it funds because it increases the reach and impact of that research. If the federal government wishes to maximize the impact of the public’s tax dollars, it should set the license and copyright terms for content created using its funds. A grant recipient may choose, or not, to accept those terms when funding is offered. The federal government might explore other options such as full open access policies, which exercise copyright law less than “all rights reserved” by leveraging open licenses to communicate rights and permissions to downstream users.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Open licensing requirements are already in place in some federal grant programs. The Department of Labor’s Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training grant program mandates that grant recipients make available any new content created with grant funds under the Creative Commons Attribution license.<ref>The open licensing requirement in the Department of Labor Solicitation for Grant Applications says: “In order to further the goal of career training and education and encourage innovation in the development of new learning materials, as a condition of the receipt of a Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grant (“Grant”), the Grantee will be required to license to the public (not including the Federal Government) all work created with the support of the grant (“Work”) under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (“License”). This License allows subsequent users to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the copyrighted work and requires such users to attribute the work in the manner specified by the Grantee. Notice of the License shall be affixed to the Work.” Available at http://www.doleta.gov/grants/pdf/SGA-DFA-PY-10-03.pdf.</ref>  The CC framework ensures broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize the federally funded research while simultaneously ensuring that proper credit and important legal protections are retained.<ref>There are additional features to CC licenses that grant broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize federally funded research outputs while ensuring that proper credit is given to federal agencies and authors sharing that research. See http://epsiplatform.eu/sites/default/files/Topic%20Report%20No%2023%20Ceative%20Commons%20and%20PSI.pdf, p. 7-10.</ref>  CC licenses have also been upheld in copyright litigation are enforceable under copyright law.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Open licensing requirements are already in place in some federal grant programs. The Department of Labor’s Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training grant program mandates that grant recipients make available any new content created with grant funds under the Creative Commons Attribution license.<ref>The open licensing requirement in the Department of Labor Solicitation for Grant Applications says: “In order to further the goal of career training and education and encourage innovation in the development of new learning materials, as a condition of the receipt of a Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grant (“Grant”), the Grantee will be required to license to the public (not including the Federal Government) all work created with the support of the grant (“Work”) under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (“License”). This License allows subsequent users to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the copyrighted work and requires such users to attribute the work in the manner specified by the Grantee. Notice of the License shall be affixed to the Work.” Available at http://www.doleta.gov/grants/pdf/SGA-DFA-PY-10-03.pdf.</ref>  The CC framework ensures broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize the federally funded research while simultaneously ensuring that proper credit and important legal protections are retained.<ref>There are additional features to CC licenses that grant broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize federally funded research outputs while ensuring that proper credit is given to federal agencies and authors sharing that research. See http://epsiplatform.eu/sites/default/files/Topic%20Report%20No%2023%20Ceative%20Commons%20and%20PSI.pdf, p. 7-10.</ref>  CC licenses have also been upheld in copyright litigation are enforceable under copyright law.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>For more information, see http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Case_Law.</ref> </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 3 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 3 ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l60" >Line 60:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 60:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 3 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 3 ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The federal government is the appropriate entity to provide permanent stewardship and long-term access to federally funded research outputs. To ensure that the federal government is able to provide that stewardship and make federally funded scholarly research permanently available online, it must have the adequate authority to allow it to save and archive scholarly articles. This is familiar territory, as the NIH Public Access Policy already requires that grantees submit final peer-reviewed journal manuscripts that arise from NIH funds to the digital archive PubMed Central upon acceptance for publication. Grantees (or their publishers) have had to manage copyrights properly in order to make sure that the final manuscript is submitted with the necessary authority to grant NIH permission to make it publicly available within 12 months of publication.  The full open access framework would require authors and publishers to ensure that the federal government has the rights to share the scholarly publications resulting from federal funds under a license that offers full open access, such as CC BY.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The federal government is the appropriate entity to provide permanent stewardship and long-term access to federally funded research outputs. To ensure that the federal government is able to provide that stewardship and make federally funded scholarly research permanently available online, it must have the adequate authority to allow it to save and archive scholarly articles. This is familiar territory, as the NIH Public Access Policy already requires that grantees submit final peer-reviewed journal manuscripts that arise from NIH funds to the digital archive PubMed Central upon acceptance for publication. Grantees (or their publishers) have had to manage copyrights properly in order to make sure that the final manuscript is submitted with the necessary authority to grant NIH permission to make it publicly available within 12 months of publication.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Mike Carroll previously explains these options in the context of managing copyrights with regard to the National Institutes of Health Public Access Policy. Complying with the National Institutes of Health Public Access Policy: Copyright Considerations and Options, SPARC/Science Commons/ARL. February 2008, p. 3. Available at http://www.arl.org/sparc/bm~doc/NIH_Copyright_v1.pdf.</ref> </ins> The full open access framework would require authors and publishers to ensure that the federal government has the rights to share the scholarly publications resulting from federal funds under a license that offers full open access, such as CC BY.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>As mentioned previously, government stewardship of federally funded research is cost effective because the government has already developed the underlying infrastructure and related policies. However, a distributed approach could be considered as long as it can deliver a level of service that ensures that federally funded research articles are made available under full open access. Several U.S. research universities have already demonstrated they have the necessary technical, policy, and institutional stability to host distributed repositories.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>As mentioned previously, government stewardship of federally funded research is cost effective because the government has already developed the underlying infrastructure and related policies. However, a distributed approach could be considered as long as it can deliver a level of service that ensures that federally funded research articles are made available under full open access. Several U.S. research universities have already demonstrated they have the necessary technical, policy, and institutional stability to host distributed repositories.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l78" >Line 78:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 78:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 5 ==  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 5 ==  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Federal agencies should mandate that as a condition for receiving federal funds grantees must make available the metadata specified by the agencies. Since it is desirable for the outputs of federally funded scholarly research to be made available under the full open access regime, federal agencies should mandate that licensing information aligned with full open access be attached to each publication. Metadata should be viewed as a mechanism to enable specific actions, to proactively provide the information that researchers, machines, and unexpected readers will use to study and innovate on top of federally funded research.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Federal agencies should mandate that as a condition for receiving federal funds grantees must make available the metadata specified by the agencies. Since it is desirable for the outputs of federally funded scholarly research to be made available under the full open access regime, federal agencies should mandate that licensing information aligned with full open access be attached to each publication. Metadata should be viewed as a mechanism to enable specific actions, to proactively provide the information that researchers, machines, and unexpected readers will use to study and innovate on top of federally funded research.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>For more information, see a blog post on the ePSIplatform blog, “CC Tools and PSI: Supporting attribution, protecting reputation, and preserving integrity,” February 2011. Available at http://epsiplatform.eu/content/cc-tools-and-psi-supporting-attribution-protecting-reputation-and-preserving-integrity.</ref> </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>By mandating that scholarly publications that arise from federally funded research be released under full open access, federal agencies ensure that downstream users will know how they may use that research. With robust metadata and thoughtful architecture for repositories (be they centralized or distributed), researchers can be assured that definitive versions of their original federally funded research papers are accessible, maintained, and archived. It will also alleviate concerns that some researchers have in making their scholarly or scientific research available for derivative use. With proper licensing and marking, the federal government promotes the correct attribution for authors and preserves the integrity of the federally funded research.   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>By mandating that scholarly publications that arise from federally funded research be released under full open access, federal agencies ensure that downstream users will know how they may use that research. With robust metadata and thoughtful architecture for repositories (be they centralized or distributed), researchers can be assured that definitive versions of their original federally funded research papers are accessible, maintained, and archived. It will also alleviate concerns that some researchers have in making their scholarly or scientific research available for derivative use. With proper licensing and marking, the federal government promotes the correct attribution for authors and preserves the integrity of the federally funded research.   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l100" >Line 100:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 100:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 8 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 8 ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The public should be granted immediate access to the content of peer-reviewed scholarly publications resulting from federally funded research. Immediate access is the ideal method to optimize the scientific and commercial utility of the information contained in the articles. Especially for the scientific community, publicly funded scholarly research should be immediately available to speed the discovery of cures for diseases and promote the advancement of science.  Immediate access speeds up the research and development cycle, thus leading to faster development of value-added research, products and services. Immediate access can promote the creation of new and unexpected jobs in the agricultural, green energy, and biotechnology sectors, and boost interdisciplinary research collaborations and partnerships. Of course, if articles are published in an open access journal, there is no embargo period. For example, PLoS provides immediate, free access and unrestricted reuse (with attribution required under CC BY) to their peer-reviewed journals.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The public should be granted immediate access to the content of peer-reviewed scholarly publications resulting from federally funded research. Immediate access is the ideal method to optimize the scientific and commercial utility of the information contained in the articles. Especially for the scientific community, publicly funded scholarly research should be immediately available to speed the discovery of cures for diseases and promote the advancement of science.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>The Tuberculosis Commons (TB Commons) Initiative Open Innovation Team “believes that open models can accelerate knowledge turns resulting in a faster drug development process.” Content provided by end-users to the site is released into the public domain using the under the CC0 Public Domain Dedication tool. See http://www.tbcommons.org/initiative/.</ref> </ins> Immediate access speeds up the research and development cycle, thus leading to faster development of value-added research, products and services. Immediate access can promote the creation of new and unexpected jobs in the agricultural, green energy, and biotechnology sectors, and boost interdisciplinary research collaborations and partnerships. Of course, if articles are published in an open access journal, there is no embargo period. For example, PLoS provides immediate, free access and unrestricted reuse (with attribution required under CC BY) to their peer-reviewed journals.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We thank OSTP for the opportunity to provide comments to this RFI, and we’re happy to answer any other questions you may have.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We thank OSTP for the opportunity to provide comments to this RFI, and we’re happy to answer any other questions you may have.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><references /></div></td></tr>
</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54788&oldid=prevCCID-tvol at 18:02, 13 January 20122012-01-13T18:02:39Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:02, 13 January 2012</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l34" >Line 34:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 34:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Full open access to federally funded research articles can be a central driver of scientific innovation and productivity. Federally funded scholarly research should be “read/write” and not simply “read only.” Scientific and scholarly communities conduct research, for example, not only directly through the act of reading, but also through computational methods such as the mining of scientific literature and data. Not only would a full open access policy expand the number and diversity of human readers able to access and reuse federally funded scholarly publications, it would provide fuel for powerful new machine learning capabilities, which are able to conduct novel types of computational research on huge sets of open texts. Under the current regime of restricted (or even unclear) access and reuse capabilities, such innovation and next-generation semantic text analysis is either impossible, prohibitively expensive, or fraught with potential legal liability.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Full open access to federally funded research articles can be a central driver of scientific innovation and productivity. Federally funded scholarly research should be “read/write” and not simply “read only.” Scientific and scholarly communities conduct research, for example, not only directly through the act of reading, but also through computational methods such as the mining of scientific literature and data. Not only would a full open access policy expand the number and diversity of human readers able to access and reuse federally funded scholarly publications, it would provide fuel for powerful new machine learning capabilities, which are able to conduct novel types of computational research on huge sets of open texts. Under the current regime of restricted (or even unclear) access and reuse capabilities, such innovation and next-generation semantic text analysis is either impossible, prohibitively expensive, or fraught with potential legal liability.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Full open access makes financial sense and maximizes the impact of federal spending on research. Adopting a broad open access policy for all US federally funded scientific articles is projected to produce an estimated 5X return on investment.  The benefits of a public access policy similar to the existing NIH Public Access Policy would be 8X greater than costs, and the net gain of extending NIH-like policies to all U.S. federal agencies with annual extramural research budgets greater than $100 million is estimated to be about $1.5 billion.  The NIH public access policy has proven to be cost effective. Currently, it costs approximately $4.5 million per year to deliver the current level of access (assuming ~80,000 articles/year).  Thus, the annual implementation of the NIH public access policy costs 1/100th of 1% of the annual NIH budget (assuming ~$30 billion annually).  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Full open access makes financial sense and maximizes the impact of federal spending on research. Adopting a broad open access policy for all US federally funded scientific articles is projected to produce an estimated 5X return on investment.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Houghton, et al., Economic and Social Returns on Investment in Open Archiving Publicly Funded Research Outputs, July 2010, p. 7-8. Available at http://www.arl.org/sparc/bm~doc/vufrpaa.pdf.</ref> </ins> The benefits of a public access policy similar to the existing NIH Public Access Policy would be 8X greater than costs, and the net gain of extending NIH-like policies to all U.S. federal agencies with annual extramural research budgets greater than $100 million is estimated to be about $1.5 billion.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Ibid.</ref> </ins> The NIH public access policy has proven to be cost effective. Currently, it costs approximately $4.5 million per year to deliver the current level of access (assuming ~80,000 articles/year).<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>National Institutes of Health, Analysis of Comments and Implementation of the NIH Public Access Policy, September 2008, p. 22. Available at http://publicaccess.nih.gov/analysis_of_comments_nih_public_access_policy.pdf.</ref> </ins> Thus, the annual implementation of the NIH public access policy costs 1/100th of 1% of the annual NIH budget (assuming ~$30 billion annually).  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is possible for a government-wide full open access policy to be implemented in a cost-effective manner because the federal government has already built the PubMed Central repository. In order for federally funded research outputs to align with full open access, such a repository would need to also communicate rights statements such that any scholarly publication be released with at most the requirement that attribution be made to the author (as mentioned, the standard means for communicating these rights is through a Creative Commons Attribution license). Such an addition would go a long way to making sure that the public knows how they may reuse federal funded scholarly research publications. Several universities have already integrated the technical means to support open licensing within their institutional repositories.  Leveraging existing infrastructure and current community best practices is increasingly important because agencies continue to face significant budget reductions.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is possible for a government-wide full open access policy to be implemented in a cost-effective manner because the federal government has already built the PubMed Central repository. In order for federally funded research outputs to align with full open access, such a repository would need to also communicate rights statements such that any scholarly publication be released with at most the requirement that attribution be made to the author (as mentioned, the standard means for communicating these rights is through a Creative Commons Attribution license). Such an addition would go a long way to making sure that the public knows how they may reuse federal funded scholarly research publications. Several universities have already integrated the technical means to support open licensing within their institutional repositories.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Examples include MIT’s DSpace (http://libraries.mit.edu/dspace-mit/index.html) and the University of Michigan’s Deep Blue (http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/).</ref> </ins> Leveraging existing infrastructure and current community best practices is increasingly important because agencies continue to face significant budget reductions.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In addition to speeding the potential for scientific discovery and research, adopting a full open access policy for the outputs of federally funded research will benefit integral government processes too. Government agencies will be able to operate more efficiently because they too will have access (and will know the permissions available to them) to the outputs of federally funded research publications.  And, with full open access, Congress and appropriations bodies will be able to more easily see the return on investment by assessing the value of existing expenditures, and target future federal funding toward the most promising and high impact research areas.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In addition to speeding the potential for scientific discovery and research, adopting a full open access policy for the outputs of federally funded research will benefit integral government processes too. Government agencies will be able to operate more efficiently because they too will have access (and will know the permissions available to them) to the outputs of federally funded research publications.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>In 2009 the Department of Justice paid about $4 million each year for access to public court records via PACER. See http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2009/12/doj-pacer/.</ref> </ins> And, with full open access, Congress and appropriations bodies will be able to more easily see the return on investment by assessing the value of existing expenditures, and target future federal funding toward the most promising and high impact research areas.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 2 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 2 ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l44" >Line 44:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 44:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 2 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 2 ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The current climate around intellectual property (IP) is increasingly one of ratcheting up enforcement and maximization of copyright and other IP rights. However, it’s important to understand the underlying priorities of scholarly authors to determine whether the default copyright regime reflects their needs and supports their academic endeavors. The primary motivation for scientists to publish their works is “to inform others about their work.” <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> </del>Scholarly authors wish to have their research read, consumed, and cited. By adopting a full open access policy for the outputs of federally funded research, the federal government would further the fundamental goal of the scientific community.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The current climate around intellectual property (IP) is increasingly one of ratcheting up enforcement and maximization of copyright and other IP rights. However, it’s important to understand the underlying priorities of scholarly authors to determine whether the default copyright regime reflects their needs and supports their academic endeavors. The primary motivation for scientists to publish their works is “to inform others about their work.”<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Hansen, et al., Intellectual Property Experiences in the United States Scientific Community, 2007, p. 8. Available at http://sippi.aaas.org/Pubs/SIPPI_US_IP_Survey.pdf.</ref> </ins>Scholarly authors wish to have their research read, consumed, and cited. By adopting a full open access policy for the outputs of federally funded research, the federal government would further the fundamental goal of the scientific community.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A full open access policy for the outputs of federally funded scientific research is not incompatible with protecting the copyrights of authors and publishers. Creative Commons—and CC BY, the license aligned with full open access—is not a replacement for copyright. CC licenses operate within the current system by allowing authors and publishers to retain their copyright but mark their work with the rights they wish to communicate in advance. At the same time, CC licenses ensure that the rights holder receives credit in the manner they prefer. And, policies aligned with full open access encourage scholarly authors to share their work widely, thus increasing the ability for their work to be read and cited. One study shows that research made available via an open access repository (as opposed to a restricted access repository) experience a citation boost between 50-125%.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A full open access policy for the outputs of federally funded scientific research is not incompatible with protecting the copyrights of authors and publishers. Creative Commons—and CC BY, the license aligned with full open access—is not a replacement for copyright. CC licenses operate within the current system by allowing authors and publishers to retain their copyright but mark their work with the rights they wish to communicate in advance. At the same time, CC licenses ensure that the rights holder receives credit in the manner they prefer. And, policies aligned with full open access encourage scholarly authors to share their work widely, thus increasing the ability for their work to be read and cited. One study shows that research made available via an open access repository (as opposed to a restricted access repository) experience a citation boost between 50-125%.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Furman, Jeffry L and Scott Stern, Climbing Atop the Shoulders of Giants: The Impact of Institutions on Cumulative Research, National Bureau of Economic Research working paper. September 2006, p. 4. Full version not openly available. Abstract at http://www.nber.org/papers/w12523.</ref> </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are now alternative publishing models for making research articles available to readers. Under a model leveraged by the Public Library of Science (PLoS), the author pays for publication and the resulting article is made available under full open access. In this way, PLoS is exercising copyright, but simultaneously promoting openness via the use of open licensing (CC BY) instead of the default all rights reserved approach.   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>There are now alternative publishing models for making research articles available to readers. Under a model leveraged by the Public Library of Science (PLoS), the author pays for publication and the resulting article is made available under full open access. In this way, PLoS is exercising copyright, but simultaneously promoting openness via the use of open licensing (CC BY) instead of the default all rights reserved approach.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>As an example, see the PLoS Biology Terms of Use, available at http://www.plosbiology.org/static/terms.action</ref> </ins>  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The U.S. federal government should take into account the broad range of stakeholders in its policy-setting process, and should consider the needs and requirements of the global science and scholarly research communities. More than ever before, scientific research is no longer conducted in national silos. Digital networking, advanced communication technologies, and widespread information-sharing tools support a truly global research ecosystem where disparate researchers around the world collaborate with each other on scientific activities. The U.S. will progress most rapidly if it can take full advantage of the world’s research results by urging other governments to do the same. The full value of our nation’s collective investment in scientific research can only be realized if we allow these articles to be freely accessed, used, and built upon. The U.S. can participate in and even lead such efforts by adopting a full open access policy for its federally funded research outputs.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The U.S. federal government should take into account the broad range of stakeholders in its policy-setting process, and should consider the needs and requirements of the global science and scholarly research communities. More than ever before, scientific research is no longer conducted in national silos. Digital networking, advanced communication technologies, and widespread information-sharing tools support a truly global research ecosystem where disparate researchers around the world collaborate with each other on scientific activities. The U.S. will progress most rapidly if it can take full advantage of the world’s research results by urging other governments to do the same. The full value of our nation’s collective investment in scientific research can only be realized if we allow these articles to be freely accessed, used, and built upon. The U.S. can participate in and even lead such efforts by adopting a full open access policy for its federally funded research outputs.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l54" >Line 54:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 54:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We assume the federal government is interested in widespread distribution of the non-defense research it funds because it increases the reach and impact of that research. If the federal government wishes to maximize the impact of the public’s tax dollars, it should set the license and copyright terms for content created using its funds. A grant recipient may choose, or not, to accept those terms when funding is offered. The federal government might explore other options such as full open access policies, which exercise copyright law less than “all rights reserved” by leveraging open licenses to communicate rights and permissions to downstream users.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We assume the federal government is interested in widespread distribution of the non-defense research it funds because it increases the reach and impact of that research. If the federal government wishes to maximize the impact of the public’s tax dollars, it should set the license and copyright terms for content created using its funds. A grant recipient may choose, or not, to accept those terms when funding is offered. The federal government might explore other options such as full open access policies, which exercise copyright law less than “all rights reserved” by leveraging open licenses to communicate rights and permissions to downstream users.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Open licensing requirements are already in place in some federal grant programs. The Department of Labor’s Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training grant program mandates that grant recipients make available any new content created with grant funds under the Creative Commons Attribution license.  The CC framework ensures broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize the federally funded research while simultaneously ensuring that proper credit and important legal protections are retained.  CC licenses have also been upheld in copyright litigation are enforceable under copyright law.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Open licensing requirements are already in place in some federal grant programs. The Department of Labor’s Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training grant program mandates that grant recipients make available any new content created with grant funds under the Creative Commons Attribution license.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>The open licensing requirement in the Department of Labor Solicitation for Grant Applications says: “In order to further the goal of career training and education and encourage innovation in the development of new learning materials, as a condition of the receipt of a Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training Grant (“Grant”), the Grantee will be required to license to the public (not including the Federal Government) all work created with the support of the grant (“Work”) under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (“License”). This License allows subsequent users to copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the copyrighted work and requires such users to attribute the work in the manner specified by the Grantee. Notice of the License shall be affixed to the Work.” Available at http://www.doleta.gov/grants/pdf/SGA-DFA-PY-10-03.pdf.</ref> </ins> The CC framework ensures broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize the federally funded research while simultaneously ensuring that proper credit and important legal protections are retained.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>There are additional features to CC licenses that grant broad access and re-use for persons wishing to utilize federally funded research outputs while ensuring that proper credit is given to federal agencies and authors sharing that research. See http://epsiplatform.eu/sites/default/files/Topic%20Report%20No%2023%20Ceative%20Commons%20and%20PSI.pdf, p. 7-10.</ref> </ins> CC licenses have also been upheld in copyright litigation are enforceable under copyright law.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 3 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 3 ==</div></td></tr>
</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54787&oldid=prevCCID-tvol at 17:52, 13 January 20122012-01-13T17:52:02Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:52, 13 January 2012</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Existing policies such as the NIH Public Access Policy are a good first step to increasing access to federally funded research outputs. And, as suggested during this comment period last year, the federal government should require that all grantees that receive federal research funding deposit either the final, published version of their peer-reviewed journal articles or the final electronic manuscript of such an article in a publicly available digital repository. However, the NIH Public Access Policy does not go far enough in communicating the rights for reuse that should be available to the public that paid for the development and publication of that research. Releasing the outputs of federally funded research free of cost online should be a baseline, but if downstream users (including researchers within the same domain, scholars from other disciplines, creative entrepreneurs, government employees, citizens) are unclear about their legal right to copy, amend and redistribute the federally funded research, those publications will be reused less. This will significantly diminish the potential impact of the research—and, by extension, the public’s investment. With a renewed attention to clarifying available rights in advance, the federal government can increase the speed of scientific discoveries, promote innovation, and support new business opportunities looking to capitalize on federally funded research outputs. And as scientific researchers, creative startups, and traditional commercial players are granted the reuse rights they deserve, these and other groups can best leverage federally funded research to advance the scientific enterprise and increase U.S. competitiveness by developing new products and services.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Existing policies such as the NIH Public Access Policy are a good first step to increasing access to federally funded research outputs. And, as suggested during this comment period last year, the federal government should require that all grantees that receive federal research funding deposit either the final, published version of their peer-reviewed journal articles or the final electronic manuscript of such an article in a publicly available digital repository. However, the NIH Public Access Policy does not go far enough in communicating the rights for reuse that should be available to the public that paid for the development and publication of that research. Releasing the outputs of federally funded research free of cost online should be a baseline, but if downstream users (including researchers within the same domain, scholars from other disciplines, creative entrepreneurs, government employees, citizens) are unclear about their legal right to copy, amend and redistribute the federally funded research, those publications will be reused less. This will significantly diminish the potential impact of the research—and, by extension, the public’s investment. With a renewed attention to clarifying available rights in advance, the federal government can increase the speed of scientific discoveries, promote innovation, and support new business opportunities looking to capitalize on federally funded research outputs. And as scientific researchers, creative startups, and traditional commercial players are granted the reuse rights they deserve, these and other groups can best leverage federally funded research to advance the scientific enterprise and increase U.S. competitiveness by developing new products and services.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>One study showed that restricted access to gene-level research led to 30% less downstream scientific research and product development when compared to open access.  By extension, in at least some disciplines, scientific innovation and economic activity that is desired under the America COMPETES Act is more likely to occur on federally funded research that is made available under open access than on research that is locked down with technological protection measures, that charge for access, or that restrict use to only noncommercial purposes.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>One study showed that restricted access to gene-level research led to 30% less downstream scientific research and product development when compared to open access.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Williams, Heidi. Intellectual property rights and innovation: Evidence from the human genome, December 2009, p. 25. Available at http://deugarte.com/gomi/Williams_jmp.pdf.</ref> </ins> By extension, in at least some disciplines, scientific innovation and economic activity that is desired under the America COMPETES Act is more likely to occur on federally funded research that is made available under open access than on research that is locked down with technological protection measures, that charge for access, or that restrict use to only noncommercial purposes.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>If federal agencies want to maximize the impact of publicly funded research, they should provide explicit, easy-to-understand information about the rights available to the public. The simple process of posting federally funded research articles on the web so that they can be viewed (and even downloaded) is not sufficient to promote scientific progress. Even where it is the intention that research created with public dollars be widely shared, as long as those materials are not clearly marked with information describing the rights and permissions under copyright, the use of the resources will be diminished and impact of public investment lessened. The standard means for granting permission to the public is through a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. This license is aligned with the principle of full open access because it allows rights (including commercial rights) to be communicated with the only requirement that users give credit to the rightsholder.   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>If federal agencies want to maximize the impact of publicly funded research, they should provide explicit, easy-to-understand information about the rights available to the public. The simple process of posting federally funded research articles on the web so that they can be viewed (and even downloaded) is not sufficient to promote scientific progress. Even where it is the intention that research created with public dollars be widely shared, as long as those materials are not clearly marked with information describing the rights and permissions under copyright, the use of the resources will be diminished and impact of public investment lessened. The standard means for granting permission to the public is through a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. This license is aligned with the principle of full open access because it allows rights (including commercial rights) to be communicated with the only requirement that users give credit to the rightsholder.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>CC BY is a copyright license that grants permission to the public to reproduce, distribute, perform, display or adapt the licensed materials for any purpose so long as the user gives attribution to the author or as otherwise directed by the copyright holder. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/.</ref> </ins>  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Full open access allows for a greater number and diversity of researchers to participate in the process, and can help promote access and reuse by researchers in related fields who might not have had access to the full corpus of research because it was too expensive or because they were not granted full reuse rights. By allowing more people to interact with federally funded scholarly research, federal agencies open the door to increasing the impact of scientific discovery.  It has been demonstrated that reaching out to communities of researchers beyond the primary research domain helped solve one-third more problems that experienced research and development firms had been able to solve by themselves.  One study reasoned, “the significance of this effect may be due to the ability of ‘outsiders’ from relatively distant fields to see problems with fresh eyes and apply solutions that are novel to the problem domain but well known and understood by them.”  Empowering the unexpected reader by making federally funded research outputs full open access is one method for opening the discovery horizon.  Another study suggests that supporting open access to research may contribute to the exploration and creation of novel research lines.”  Making federally funded research available under full open access promotes the advancement of research from previously unforeseen angles, and communicates broad reuse rights so that economic activity and new markets can blossom.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Full open access allows for a greater number and diversity of researchers to participate in the process, and can help promote access and reuse by researchers in related fields who might not have had access to the full corpus of research because it was too expensive or because they were not granted full reuse rights. By allowing more people to interact with federally funded scholarly research, federal agencies open the door to increasing the impact of scientific discovery.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>There’s also been growing participation in “citizen science,” whereby the public is able to discover and assist with complex scientific research projects. Over 500,000 people participate in the Zooniverse (https://www.zooniverse.org/) citizen science initiative.</ref> </ins> It has been demonstrated that reaching out to communities of researchers beyond the primary research domain helped solve one-third more problems that experienced research and development firms had been able to solve by themselves.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Lakhani, et al., The Value of Openness in Scientific Problem Solving, October 2006, p. 2. Available at http://www.hbs.edu/research/pdf/07-050.pdf.</ref> </ins> One study reasoned, “the significance of this effect may be due to the ability of ‘outsiders’ from relatively distant fields to see problems with fresh eyes and apply solutions that are novel to the problem domain but well known and understood by them.”<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Ibid, at 12.</ref> </ins> Empowering the unexpected reader by making federally funded research outputs full open access is one method for opening the discovery horizon.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>For example, see Kevin Smith’s description of “unexpected readers” at http://blogs.library.duke.edu/scholcomm/2011/11/15/the-unexpected-reader/.</ref> </ins> Another study suggests that supporting open access to research may contribute to the exploration and creation of novel research lines.”<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Murray, et al., Of Mice and Academics: Examining the Effect of Openness on Innovation, October 2008, p. 3. Available at http://www.hbs.edu/units/tom/seminars/2007/docs/Of%20Mice%20and%20Academics%20Stern.pdf.</ref> </ins> Making federally funded research available under full open access promotes the advancement of research from previously unforeseen angles, and communicates broad reuse rights so that economic activity and new markets can blossom.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Policies aligned with full open access should be the default for federally funded research. By doing so, the federal government maximizes their investments by encouraging competition because research is available to all to build upon, including commercial enterprises. As a result, such research outputs—and the business opportunities they generate—will be more attractive to private, venture capital, and foundation funding. Already, some philanthropic foundations have adopted open licensing policies for particular grant programs. These policies require that any grant recipient must agree to release outputs arising from foundation funding under open licenses, such as the Creative Common Attribution license.  If federal agencies adopt a licensing policy aligned with full open access, the outputs of federal funding can be shared, combined and repurposed with similarly licensed research, educational content and data funded by philanthropic foundations. The network effects and utility of the research increases when data and other content are legally and technically interoperable under a common licensing framework.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Policies aligned with full open access should be the default for federally funded research. By doing so, the federal government maximizes their investments by encouraging competition because research is available to all to build upon, including commercial enterprises. As a result, such research outputs—and the business opportunities they generate—will be more attractive to private, venture capital, and foundation funding. Already, some philanthropic foundations have adopted open licensing policies for particular grant programs. These policies require that any grant recipient must agree to release outputs arising from foundation funding under open licenses, such as the Creative Common Attribution license.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>For example, the Shuttleworth Foundation requires that grantees apply CC BY (or allow CC BY-SA, in some cases) to the content they produce with grant funds. See http://www.shuttleworthfoundation.org/about-us/our-philosophy/open-licensing/. The Gates- and Hewlett-funded Next Generation Learning Challenges grant program stipulates that grantee outputs be licensed under CC BY. See http://nextgenlearning.org/sites/default/files/IP_Policy_105.pdf.</ref> </ins> If federal agencies adopt a licensing policy aligned with full open access, the outputs of federal funding can be shared, combined and repurposed with similarly licensed research, educational content and data funded by philanthropic foundations. The network effects and utility of the research increases when data and other content are legally and technically interoperable under a common licensing framework.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Full open access to federally funded research articles can be a central driver of scientific innovation and productivity. Federally funded scholarly research should be “read/write” and not simply “read only.” Scientific and scholarly communities conduct research, for example, not only directly through the act of reading, but also through computational methods such as the mining of scientific literature and data. Not only would a full open access policy expand the number and diversity of human readers able to access and reuse federally funded scholarly publications, it would provide fuel for powerful new machine learning capabilities, which are able to conduct novel types of computational research on huge sets of open texts. Under the current regime of restricted (or even unclear) access and reuse capabilities, such innovation and next-generation semantic text analysis is either impossible, prohibitively expensive, or fraught with potential legal liability.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Full open access to federally funded research articles can be a central driver of scientific innovation and productivity. Federally funded scholarly research should be “read/write” and not simply “read only.” Scientific and scholarly communities conduct research, for example, not only directly through the act of reading, but also through computational methods such as the mining of scientific literature and data. Not only would a full open access policy expand the number and diversity of human readers able to access and reuse federally funded scholarly publications, it would provide fuel for powerful new machine learning capabilities, which are able to conduct novel types of computational research on huge sets of open texts. Under the current regime of restricted (or even unclear) access and reuse capabilities, such innovation and next-generation semantic text analysis is either impossible, prohibitively expensive, or fraught with potential legal liability.  </div></td></tr>
</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54786&oldid=prevCCID-tvol at 17:47, 13 January 20122012-01-13T17:47:56Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:47, 13 January 2012</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This RFI comes in response to The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010. The purpose of that law is “to invest in innovation through research and development, and to improve the competitiveness of the United States.”<ref>See http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=111_cong_public_laws&docid=f:publ358.111</ref>  All the suggested priorities listed in Question 1 of the RFI (e.g., “grow existing and new markets,” “grow the economy,” “improve the productivity of the scientific enterprise”) should be explored and acted upon with the public interest in mind. The public funds tens of billions of dollars in research each year. The federal government should set up policies so that the public has immediate, cost-free, unimpeded access to the research and publications that are developed with public funds (taxes).  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This RFI comes in response to The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010. The purpose of that law is “to invest in innovation through research and development, and to improve the competitiveness of the United States.”<ref>See http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=111_cong_public_laws&docid=f:publ358.111</ref>  All the suggested priorities listed in Question 1 of the RFI (e.g., “grow existing and new markets,” “grow the economy,” “improve the productivity of the scientific enterprise”) should be explored and acted upon with the public interest in mind. The public funds tens of billions of dollars in research each year. The federal government should set up policies so that the public has immediate, cost-free, unimpeded access to the research and publications that are developed with public funds (taxes).  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Scholarly articles created as a result of federally funded research should be released under full open access. Full open access policies will provide to the public immediate, free-of-cost online availability to federally funded research without restriction except that attribution be given to the source.   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Scholarly articles created as a result of federally funded research should be released under full open access. Full open access policies will provide to the public immediate, free-of-cost online availability to federally funded research without restriction except that attribution be given to the source.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Carroll, Michael. Why Full Open Access Matters. PLoS Biology, November 2011. Volume 9, Issue 11. Available at http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001210.</ref> </ins>  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The complete collection of articles resulting from publicly funded research needs to be made available under a full open access regime so that the maximum value of federally funded research publications can be realized. In this context, we speak of value in a broad sense, including economic, scientific, and social value. Full open access policies will maximize scientific productivity, accelerate commercial innovation, and support the public’s right to access and use the materials it pays for.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The complete collection of articles resulting from publicly funded research needs to be made available under a full open access regime so that the maximum value of federally funded research publications can be realized. In this context, we speak of value in a broad sense, including economic, scientific, and social value. Full open access policies will maximize scientific productivity, accelerate commercial innovation, and support the public’s right to access and use the materials it pays for.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The federal government can support economic efficiency of the taxpayer dollars they expend by instituting an open licensing policy. The incumbent system oftentimes results in the government essentially paying into the research chain from various angles: first, when the government pays for the development of research by awarding federal grants; second, when the government subsidizes the salaries of the academics who serve as peer-reviewers; third, when the government pays for libraries in research universities that subscribe to the journals.  The public should receive a better return on the investments being made for the research, development, and publication of federally funded scholarship.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The federal government can support economic efficiency of the taxpayer dollars they expend by instituting an open licensing policy. The incumbent system oftentimes results in the government essentially paying into the research chain from various angles: first, when the government pays for the development of research by awarding federal grants; second, when the government subsidizes the salaries of the academics who serve as peer-reviewers; third, when the government pays for libraries in research universities that subscribe to the journals.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>Mays-Smith, Simon et al. Three Pillars of Wisdom: the STM journal industry. Credit Suisse First Boston. April 2004. Not available, but see http://www.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/newsletter/05-03-04.htm#creditsuisse for a synopsis.</ref> </ins> The public should receive a better return on the investments being made for the research, development, and publication of federally funded scholarship.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Existing policies such as the NIH Public Access Policy are a good first step to increasing access to federally funded research outputs. And, as suggested during this comment period last year, the federal government should require that all grantees that receive federal research funding deposit either the final, published version of their peer-reviewed journal articles or the final electronic manuscript of such an article in a publicly available digital repository. However, the NIH Public Access Policy does not go far enough in communicating the rights for reuse that should be available to the public that paid for the development and publication of that research. Releasing the outputs of federally funded research free of cost online should be a baseline, but if downstream users (including researchers within the same domain, scholars from other disciplines, creative entrepreneurs, government employees, citizens) are unclear about their legal right to copy, amend and redistribute the federally funded research, those publications will be reused less. This will significantly diminish the potential impact of the research—and, by extension, the public’s investment. With a renewed attention to clarifying available rights in advance, the federal government can increase the speed of scientific discoveries, promote innovation, and support new business opportunities looking to capitalize on federally funded research outputs. And as scientific researchers, creative startups, and traditional commercial players are granted the reuse rights they deserve, these and other groups can best leverage federally funded research to advance the scientific enterprise and increase U.S. competitiveness by developing new products and services.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Existing policies such as the NIH Public Access Policy are a good first step to increasing access to federally funded research outputs. And, as suggested during this comment period last year, the federal government should require that all grantees that receive federal research funding deposit either the final, published version of their peer-reviewed journal articles or the final electronic manuscript of such an article in a publicly available digital repository. However, the NIH Public Access Policy does not go far enough in communicating the rights for reuse that should be available to the public that paid for the development and publication of that research. Releasing the outputs of federally funded research free of cost online should be a baseline, but if downstream users (including researchers within the same domain, scholars from other disciplines, creative entrepreneurs, government employees, citizens) are unclear about their legal right to copy, amend and redistribute the federally funded research, those publications will be reused less. This will significantly diminish the potential impact of the research—and, by extension, the public’s investment. With a renewed attention to clarifying available rights in advance, the federal government can increase the speed of scientific discoveries, promote innovation, and support new business opportunities looking to capitalize on federally funded research outputs. And as scientific researchers, creative startups, and traditional commercial players are granted the reuse rights they deserve, these and other groups can best leverage federally funded research to advance the scientific enterprise and increase U.S. competitiveness by developing new products and services.  </div></td></tr>
</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54785&oldid=prevCCID-tvol: /* Comment 1 */2012-01-13T17:46:07Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Comment 1</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:46, 13 January 2012</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>   </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 1 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Comment 1 ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This RFI comes in response to The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010. The purpose of that law is “to invest in innovation through research and development, and to improve the competitiveness of the United States.”  All the suggested priorities listed in Question 1 of the RFI (e.g., “grow existing and new markets,” “grow the economy,” “improve the productivity of the scientific enterprise”) should be explored and acted upon with the public interest in mind. The public funds tens of billions of dollars in research each year. The federal government should set up policies so that the public has immediate, cost-free, unimpeded access to the research and publications that are developed with public funds (taxes).  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This RFI comes in response to The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010. The purpose of that law is “to invest in innovation through research and development, and to improve the competitiveness of the United States.”<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><ref>See http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=111_cong_public_laws&docid=f:publ358.111</ref> </ins> All the suggested priorities listed in Question 1 of the RFI (e.g., “grow existing and new markets,” “grow the economy,” “improve the productivity of the scientific enterprise”) should be explored and acted upon with the public interest in mind. The public funds tens of billions of dollars in research each year. The federal government should set up policies so that the public has immediate, cost-free, unimpeded access to the research and publications that are developed with public funds (taxes).  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Scholarly articles created as a result of federally funded research should be released under full open access. Full open access policies will provide to the public immediate, free-of-cost online availability to federally funded research without restriction except that attribution be given to the source.   </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Scholarly articles created as a result of federally funded research should be released under full open access. Full open access policies will provide to the public immediate, free-of-cost online availability to federally funded research without restriction except that attribution be given to the source.   </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is possible for a government-wide full open access policy to be implemented in a cost-effective manner because the federal government has already built the PubMed Central repository. In order for federally funded research outputs to align with full open access, such a repository would need to also communicate rights statements such that any scholarly publication be released with at most the requirement that attribution be made to the author (as mentioned, the standard means for communicating these rights is through a Creative Commons Attribution license). Such an addition would go a long way to making sure that the public knows how they may reuse federal funded scholarly research publications. Several universities have already integrated the technical means to support open licensing within their institutional repositories.  Leveraging existing infrastructure and current community best practices is increasingly important because agencies continue to face significant budget reductions.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>It is possible for a government-wide full open access policy to be implemented in a cost-effective manner because the federal government has already built the PubMed Central repository. In order for federally funded research outputs to align with full open access, such a repository would need to also communicate rights statements such that any scholarly publication be released with at most the requirement that attribution be made to the author (as mentioned, the standard means for communicating these rights is through a Creative Commons Attribution license). Such an addition would go a long way to making sure that the public knows how they may reuse federal funded scholarly research publications. Several universities have already integrated the technical means to support open licensing within their institutional repositories.  Leveraging existing infrastructure and current community best practices is increasingly important because agencies continue to face significant budget reductions.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In addition to speeding the potential for scientific discovery and research, adopting a full open access policy for the outputs of federally funded research will benefit integral government processes too. Government agencies will be able to operate more efficiently because they too will have access (and will know the permissions available to them) to the outputs of federally funded research publications.  And, with full open access, Congress and appropriations bodies will be able to more easily see the return on investment by assessing the value of existing expenditures, and target future federal funding toward the most promising and high impact research areas.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In addition to speeding the potential for scientific discovery and research, adopting a full open access policy for the outputs of federally funded research will benefit integral government processes too. Government agencies will be able to operate more efficiently because they too will have access (and will know the permissions available to them) to the outputs of federally funded research publications.  And, with full open access, Congress and appropriations bodies will be able to more easily see the return on investment by assessing the value of existing expenditures, and target future federal funding toward the most promising and high impact research areas.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 2 ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Question 2 ==</div></td></tr>
</table>CCID-tvolhttps://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=OSTP_publications_RFI_2012&diff=54784&oldid=prevCCID-tvol at 17:45, 13 January 20122012-01-13T17:45:02Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: white; color:black; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:45, 13 January 2012</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Filed January 6, 2012</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Filed January 6, 2012</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Catherine Casserly; cathy@creativecommons.org </del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Timothy Vollmer; tvol@creativecommons.org </del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Creative Commons </del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Mountain View, CA</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Re: OSTP Request for Information: Public Access to Peer-Reviewed Scholarly Publications Resulting From Federally Funded Research<ref>http://federalregister.gov/a/2011-28623</ref></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Re: OSTP Request for Information: Public Access to Peer-Reviewed Scholarly Publications Resulting From Federally Funded Research<ref>http://federalregister.gov/a/2011-28623</ref></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We thank OSTP for the opportunity to provide comments to this RFI, and we’re happy to answer any other questions you may have.  </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>We thank OSTP for the opportunity to provide comments to this RFI, and we’re happy to answer any other questions you may have.  </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f9f9f9; color: #333333; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #e6e6e6; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Sincerely, </del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><references /></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Catherine Casserly, CEO, Creative Commons</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color:black; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Timothy Vollmer, Policy Coordinator, Creative Commons</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
</table>CCID-tvol