GLAM
Currently this is a scratchpad for referencing known uses of CC licensing and material in the GLAM sector: Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums". Please add to the list and turn compelling uses into Case Studies.
Contents
- 1 Galleries
- 2 Libraries
- 2.1 British Library
- 2.2 Canadian University Libraries
- 2.3 Cologne-based Libraries
- 2.4 Europeana
- 2.5 Finnish Libraries
- 2.6 Fundamental Scientific Library of the National Academy of Science of Armenia
- 2.7 Hood River County Library District
- 2.8 Land Library of Saxony - State and University Library Dresden
- 2.9 Library of Congress
- 2.10 Library, London School of Economics (British Library of Political and Economic Science)
- 2.11 National Library of Australia
- 2.12 Open Library
- 2.13 State Library of Queensland
- 2.14 Swedish National Library
- 2.15 University of California Santa Cruz Library
- 2.16 University of Michigan Library
- 2.17 Villanova University Digital Library
- 3 Archives
- 4 Museums
- 4.1 Amsterdam Historical Museum
- 4.2 Brooklyn Museum
- 4.3 National Historical Museum, Sweden
- 4.4 Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
- 4.5 National September 11 Memorial Museum
- 4.6 Participatory Museum
- 4.7 Powerhouse Museum
- 4.8 Statens Museum for Kunst
- 4.9 Tropenmuseum
- 4.10 Walter Art Museum
- 4.11 Wikipedia Loves Art
- 4.12 institutions that are using licenses for materials that should be marked as in the public domain
Galleries
National Gallery of Denmark - Statens Museum for Kunst
SMK (Statens Museum for Kunst), The National Gallery of Denmark, has released digital images of 160 highlights, and 100 educational videos on YouTube under the CC BY license. The 160 images and 100 videos are also featured in the Google Art Project. The artworks are free of copyright, but the digital images of them have so far been under copyright restrictions.
National Portrait Gallery
National Portrait Gallery in the UK has added the CC BY-NC-ND license to its images of portraits. Example: http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/use-this-image.php?mkey=mw02079.
Libraries
British Library
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
Canadian University Libraries
Anecdotal evidence suggests that some University libraries offer Creative Commons licensing options in their Institutional Repositories. More research is required in this field.
Cologne-based Libraries
All bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz). For more info, see the blog post.
Europeana
Europeana — Europe’s digital library, museum and archive, and the first major adopter of the Public Domain Mark — has adopted a new Data Exchange Agreement which releases metadata for millions of cultural works into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
Finnish Libraries
Several Finnish libraries have opened up their data via the CC BY-SA license:
- http://labs.kirjastot.fi/blog/helsingin-kaupunginkirjasto-avasi-helmet-luettelointitiedot-avoimena-datana
- http://www.kirjastot.fi/fi-FI/ajankohtaista/tiedote/ajankohtaista/varsinais-suomen-kirjastojen-data-avoimeksi
- http://data.kirjastot.fi/data.html
- https://app.e2ma.net/app/view:CampaignPublic/id:1403149.7214447972/rid:48e64615892ac6adde9a4066e88c736c
Fundamental Scientific Library of the National Academy of Science of Armenia
- maintains two open access journals, the Armenian Journal of Mathematics and Armenian Journal of Physics, both of which are under Creative Commons Attribution licences.
Hood River County Library District
This new library district in Oregon, United States, has adopted an intellectual property policy licensing the vast majority of District-produced content under CC BY. The Board of Directors and staff felt this was an appropriate way to maximize the impact of the content produced by this publicly-funded entity.
Land Library of Saxony - State and University Library Dresden
- donated 250,000 photographs from their German Photo Collection (depicting scenes from German history and daily life) with corresponding captions and metadata to Wikicommons - all under Germany’s ported CC BY-SA 3.0 license or in the public domain.
Library of Congress
- Does not exactly use Creative Commons licences, but has been part of the flickr commons project and produced a valuable report on the benefits of OA to memory institutions (Springer, Michelle, et al. (2008). For the Common Good: The Library of Congress Flickr Pilot Project)
Library, London School of Economics (British Library of Political and Economic Science)
- Digitised content which is available through LSE Digital Library is licensed under Creative Commons where rights in the original permit - according to a published policy which sets out reasons for adopting CC
- LSE Library also publishes archival photographs of LSE via Flickr Commons
National Library of Australia
- license a large range of their internal documents/policies under CC, mainly through their Open Publish initiative (see background paper)
- encourage donors to use CC as part of their Flickr-based PictureAustralia initiative
- incorporate Wikipedia descriptions and crowdsourced text-correction in their Newspapers Online Australia initiative (see slides here and here)
Open Library
State Library of Queensland
- incorporate CC licensed material (and in particular photographs) into their digital storytelling collection
- release large parts of their photo archives under the Flickr Commons project.
- also, Queensland museum?
Swedish National Library
The Swedish National Library signed an agreement in September 2011 that released the Swedish National Bibliography and authority files into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
University of California Santa Cruz Library
The University of California Santa Cruz Library has adopted CC BY for all library-produced content. The library details what is and is not licensed under CC BY.
University of Michigan Library
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyrights to its Open Access bibliographic records via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
Villanova University Digital Library
- The majority of their digital collections are available under some form of CC license (exceptions are those items still within copyright). Most are available under CC BY-SA, but some materials from partner institutions use different variations of CC licenses.
- Although not available under CC, the Villanova library has also launched two open source library software packages, VuFind (a library resource portal) and VuDL (digital library administration software), both freely available under a GPL.
Archives
Australian Broadcasting Corporation
- Australian Broadcasting Corporation
- Australia's main public broadcaster has started releasing material from its archives under CC BY-NC
Bundesarchiv - the German Federal Archive
- Bundesarchiv - the German Federal Archive
- released 100,000 photographs under CC BY-SA for free reuse on Wikicommons and saw sales of prints of the photographs double (see slides here)
Collections Council of Australia
- Collections Council of Australia
- has launched the beta of a digital storytelling initiative, Now and Then, that requires contributors to CC license
Internet Archive
Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision
Sound and Vision launched Open Images, an open media platform that offers online access to audiovisual archive material to stimulate creative reuse. All media is available under a Creative Commons license. Open Images contains a collection of more than 1,500 videos from the Sound and Vision archives and also welcomes collections from others.
NHK
Japan's Public Broadcasting Company: http://www.slideshare.net/cckslide/cckorea-nhk-creative-library
Staffordshire Hoard
- Staffordshire Hoard
- In July 2009, an Anglo-Saxon treasure was found in a field near Birmingham, UK. Since mid-September photographs of the items have been on display on flickr:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/finds/sets/72157622378376316/ Some photos are under BY-NC, others under BY-NC-SA.
Wikimedia Foundation
Yale Digital Commons
- http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2011/05/public_domain?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/theivorytoweropensitstreasurechest
- http://discover.odai.yale.edu/ydc/Search/Results?lookfor=&type=allfields
- http://britishart.yale.edu/collections/search
- http://britishart.yale.edu/collections/using-collections/open-access
Museums
Amsterdam Historical Museum
In March 2010, The Amsterdam Historical Museum (WAAG) released its complete collection online under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial license, allowing the free redistribution and reuse of the collection for noncommercial purposes. This was the first time in the museum's history that its collection has been available to the public. The collection contains over 70,000 objects dating back to the Middle Ages and is updated on a bi-weekly basis. http://www.waag.org/news/67439
Brooklyn Museum
The Brooklyn Museum has incorporated CC-licensing in a number of ways through out its digital footprint. On a broad level, the museum's image collection is released under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial license, allowing others both share and reuse the images in noncommercial derivative works. Similarly, BM developed an open API that community members can query based on a number of identifiers, including the CC license. Lastly, a remix contest collaboration with Blondie Guitarist Chris Stein saw BM release Stein-produced audio stems under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial-Share Alike license.
- On October 30th, 2009, Brooklyn Museum opened Who Shot Rock & Roll, an exhibition commemorating photographers and their creative role in rock & roll history. To celebrate, the museum has teamed up with Chris Stein for a companion musical project called Who Shot Drums and Bass. Its eight original songs are released under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike license. Brooklyn Museum is asking remixers to download the tracks from its Soundcloud page and remix them for the Who Shot Rock & Roll: Remix! contest. Details on the Brooklyn Museum website. (Info from Creative Commons Blog)
National Historical Museum, Sweden
In early 2010, Swedish museum National Historical Museum (Historiska museet) released roughly 63,500 item photographs, 1200 illustrations, and 264,500 scanned catalog cards under a CC license - Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works or Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike depending on medium. Heralded as a first step, Historiska Museet is looking at avenues to continue opening their catalog with less restrictions in the future as they better understand how the public will engage these new resources.
- Historiska museet in Stockholm announces their digital catalogue under cc-license, see blogpost here
Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum was one of the first major cultural institutions to utilize CC licensing, releasing their classical music podcast The Concert under a CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works license in September of 2006. By allowing the free sharing and re-distribution of their podcast, Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum has been able to reach a wide ranging audience with The Concert seeing over one million downloads from over 116 different countries, creating a positive promotional tool for the museum and its classical music program. http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/16229
National September 11 Memorial Museum
In December of 2008, the National September 11th Memorial Museum launched its Artist Registry, allowing the public the ability to add their 9/11 inspired works to the museum's collection. The museum allowed users to designate a CC license while uploading, encouraging community submissions in a progressive and socially responsible fashion. http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/11433
Participatory Museum
- (http://www.participatorymuseum.org/)
- Book/wiki about how museums can become more interactive with their patrons
- Released CC BY-NC license
- Creator, Nina Simon, is smart and would be good to build copy with
Powerhouse Museum
Sydney's Powerhouse Museum has integrated CC-licensing into a number of its projects from the inclusion of CC Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative licensed photos to its Photo of the Day project to offering downloadable resources from Play at Powerhouse, PHM’s education program for children, under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license. In addition, PHM has released object descriptions, production notes, history notes under a CC Attribution-NonCommercial License, similarly releasing factual data (object dimensions, relevant dates, etc.) under a CC Attribution-Share Alike license
- license educational materials and photos under CC licences
- license their collection descriptions under CC BY-NC and their collection data under BY-SA (specifically for reuse on Wikipedia)
- have written papers on the financial and other benefits of OA, and posted on crowd-sourced discoveries and reuse as a result
Statens Museum for Kunst
SMK, Statens Museum for Kunst, The National Gallery of Denmark in Copenhagen, has released digital images of 158 highlights, and 100 educational videos on YouTube under the CC BY license. The 158 images and 100 videos are also featured in the Google Art Project. The artworks are free of copyright, but the digital images of them have so far been under copyright restrictions. From now on, they are freely available to our users for any purpose. As a national gallery, we believe that those parts of our collections that are in the Public Domain belong to everyone. With this limited selection of content, we want to test how people use these freely available digital resources in new creative and innovative ways.
Tropenmuseum
- Tropenmuseum
- has collaborated with the local Wikimedia community, to document materials in the museum’s collection (eg through photography) and upload this material to Wikicommons (see slides here)
- and so have 45 other museums in the Netherlands; the full list is also available on the Wiki Loves Art website.
Walter Art Museum
- http://www.medievalists.net/2011/10/04/the-walters-art-museum-removes-copyright-restrictions-from-more-than-10000-images/
- http://art.thewalters.org
Wikipedia Loves Art
institutions that are using licenses for materials that should be marked as in the public domain
- Walters Art Museum
- http://thewalters.org/news/releases/pressdetail.aspx?e_id=385
- http://www.medievalists.net/2011/10/04/the-walters-art-museum-removes-copyright-restrictions-from-more-than-10000-images/
- http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Media_contributed_by_the_Walters_Art_Museum
- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Template:Walters_Art_Museum_license
- 2D - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alfred_Jacob_Miller_-_%22Big_Bowl%22_%28_A_Crow_Chief%29_-_Walters_37194015.jpg
- 3D - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chinese_-_Camel_-_Walters_492383_-_Profile.jpg
- Public.Resource.org on youtube
- Yale Digital Commons
- http://www.economist.com/blogs/babbage/2011/05/public_domain?fsrc=scn/tw/te/bl/theivorytoweropensitstreasurechest
- http://discover.odai.yale.edu/ydc/Search/Results?lookfor=&type=allfields
- http://britishart.yale.edu/terms/imaging/unrestricted
- http://collections.britishart.yale.edu/vufind/Record/1665914
- National Portrait Gallery
- Smithsonian
- terms of use - http://www.si.edu/Termsofuse
- Cornell Libraries
- White House Flickr account?
- http://www.flickr.com/photos/whitehouse
- U.S. Government Work - http://www.usa.gov/copyright.shtml
- Europeana
- Library of Congress
- http://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/
- no known copyright restrictions - http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/195_copr.html#noknown
- NASA
- Department of Education
- Flickr: The Commons
digital reproductions of materials in the public domain should be in the public domain
- Case of Bridgeman Art Library v. Corel Corp. - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridgeman_Art_Library_v._Corel_Corp.
- exact photographic copies of public domain images could not be protected by copyright in the United States because the copies lack originality
- COMMUNIA policy recommendations - http://www.communia-association.org/recommendations-2/
- Digital reproductions of works that are in the Public Domain must also belong to the Public Domain. Use of works in the public domain should not be limited by any means, either legal or technical. The internet enables the widespread re use of digital reproductions of works of authorship whose copyright protection has expired. The public Domain status of these works means that there is no owner of the works who can impose restrictions on their reuse. At the same time the owners of the physical works (such as heritage institutions) often feel that they are entitled to control over digital reproductions as well and that they can impose restrictions on their reuse. However digitization of Public Domain works does not create new rights over it: works that are in the Public Domain in analogue form continue to be in the Public Domain once they have been digitized.
- Public Domain Manifesto - http://publicdomainmanifesto.org/
- What is in the Public Domain must remain in the Public Domain. Exclusive control over Public Domain works must not be reestablished by claiming exclusive rights in technical reproductions of the works, or using technical protection measures to limit access to technical reproductions of such works.