https://wiki.creativecommons.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Mikemollan123&feedformat=atomCreative Commons - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T07:42:19ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline&diff=60825Case Studies/GlaxoSmithKline2012-11-16T18:30:33Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Media */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|Description=GlaxoSmithKline is a major pharmaceutical company that has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset<br />
|Author=ChEMBL-NTD, GlaxoSmithKline<br />
|User_Status=Curator, Creator<br />
|Tag=GSK, GlaxoSmithKline, malaria, disease<br />
|License short name=GNU GPL<br />
|Format=Image, Sound, Text, MovingImage, InteractiveResource, Other, Geodata, Data<br />
|Country=United Kingdom<br />
|Quote=Providing access to this level of information sees GSK set what I would hope to be a new trend that could revolutionise the urgent search for new medicines to tackle malaria. By sharing data, we start to build up a public database of knowledge that should be as powerful as the human genome databases.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Timothy Wells, Chief Scientific Officer of the Medicines for Malaria Venture (http://www.gsk.com/responsibility/access/rnd-neglected-tropical-diseases.htm)<br />
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/0/04/Logo-gsk.gif<br />
|Image_attribution=(c) GSK<br />
|Image_license=http://www.gsk.com/terms.htm<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=B-Class<br />
|License_short_name=CC0<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, GlaxoSmithKline has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria. The data set is called Tres Cantos Antimalarial (TCAMS), and is available from the ChEMBL-NTD database, "a repository for Open Access primary screening and medicinal chemistry data directed at neglected diseases - endemic tropical diseases of the developing regions of the Africa, Asia, and the Americas."<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
GlaxoSmithKline has surrendered all copyright in its malaria data set under the CC0 public domain dedication.<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
From GSK's http://www.gsk.com/responsibility/downloads/GSK-CR-2009-full.pdf<br />
<br />
<blockquote>"By making this information publicly available, GSK hopes that many other scientists will review this information and analyse the data faster than we could on our own. Hopefully, this will lead to additional research that could help drive the discovery of new medicines. We would also encourage other groups, including academics and pharmaceutical companies, to make their own compounds and related information publicly available.<br />
<br />
<br/><br/>This is essentially an example of ‘open source’ being applied to drug discovery. We know that data increases in value when connected with other data and that the more eyes looking at a problem, the more potential solutions may arise."</blockquote><br />
<br />
Research and development (R&D) for diseases prevalent in the developing world are costly and time-consuming and carry less return on investment than R&D for diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, which have a market in the developed world. Since malaria is a disease that primarily affects the developing world, GSK has released malarial data in order to speed the process of R&D, while providing resources that nonprofits and academic institutions don't necessarily have wide access to, such as advanced technologies, facilities for medicinal drug discovery, and manufacturing and distribution expertise. For more information, see GSK's 2009 report on<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
[http://www.nature.com/news/2010/100120/full/news.2010.20.html Nature - GlaxoSmithKline goes public with malaria data]<br />
<br/><br />
[http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/jan/20/glaxo-malaria-drugs-public-domain The Guardian - Glaxo offers free access to potential malaria cures]<br />
<br/><br />
[http://www.gsk.com/media/malaria.htm GSK's commitment to fighting Malaria]<br />
<br/><br />
[http://coolmathgames-forkids.org/ cool math games for kids]<br />
<br/><br />
[http://www.gsk.com/media/pressreleases/2010/2010_pressrelease_10009.htm press release]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline&diff=59927Case Studies/GlaxoSmithKline2012-10-25T12:09:13Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Media */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|Description=GlaxoSmithKline is a major pharmaceutical company that has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset<br />
|Author=ChEMBL-NTD, GlaxoSmithKline<br />
|User_Status=Curator, Creator<br />
|Tag=GSK, GlaxoSmithKline, malaria, disease<br />
|License short name=GNU GPL<br />
|Format=Image, Sound, Text, MovingImage, InteractiveResource, Other, Geodata, Data<br />
|Country=United Kingdom<br />
|Quote=Providing access to this level of information sees GSK set what I would hope to be a new trend that could revolutionise the urgent search for new medicines to tackle malaria. By sharing data, we start to build up a public database of knowledge that should be as powerful as the human genome databases.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Timothy Wells, Chief Scientific Officer of the Medicines for Malaria Venture (http://www.gsk.com/responsibility/access/rnd-neglected-tropical-diseases.htm)<br />
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/0/04/Logo-gsk.gif<br />
|Image_attribution=(c) GSK<br />
|Image_license=http://www.gsk.com/terms.htm<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=B-Class<br />
|License_short_name=CC0<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, GlaxoSmithKline has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria. The data set is called Tres Cantos Antimalarial (TCAMS), and is available from the ChEMBL-NTD database, "a repository for Open Access primary screening and medicinal chemistry data directed at neglected diseases - endemic tropical diseases of the developing regions of the Africa, Asia, and the Americas."<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
GlaxoSmithKline has surrendered all copyright in its malaria data set under the CC0 public domain dedication.<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
From GSK's http://www.gsk.com/responsibility/downloads/GSK-CR-2009-full.pdf<br />
<br />
<blockquote>"By making this information publicly available, GSK hopes that many other scientists will review this information and analyse the data faster than we could on our own. Hopefully, this will lead to additional research that could help drive the discovery of new medicines. We would also encourage other groups, including academics and pharmaceutical companies, to make their own compounds and related information publicly available.<br />
<br />
<br/><br/>This is essentially an example of ‘open source’ being applied to drug discovery. We know that data increases in value when connected with other data and that the more eyes looking at a problem, the more potential solutions may arise."</blockquote><br />
<br />
Research and development (R&D) for diseases prevalent in the developing world are costly and time-consuming and carry less return on investment than R&D for diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, which have a market in the developed world. Since malaria is a disease that primarily affects the developing world, GSK has released malarial data in order to speed the process of R&D, while providing resources that nonprofits and academic institutions don't necessarily have wide access to, such as advanced technologies, facilities for medicinal drug discovery, and manufacturing and distribution expertise. For more information, see GSK's 2009 report on<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
[http://www.nature.com/news/2010/100120/full/news.2010.20.html Nature - GlaxoSmithKline goes public with malaria data]<br />
<br/><br />
[http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2010/jan/20/glaxo-malaria-drugs-public-domain The Guardian - Glaxo offers free access to potential malaria cures]<br />
<br/><br />
[http://www.gsk.com/media/malaria.htm GSK's commitment to fighting Malaria]<br />
<br/><br />
[http://www.gsk.com/media/pressreleases/2010/2010_pressrelease_10009.htm press release]<br />
<br/><br />
[http://www.thietkewebhcm.com Thiet Ke Web Gia Re]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Flickr&diff=59925Case Studies/Flickr2012-10-25T12:06:13Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Media */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|Description=Flickr is a popular photo- and video-sharing site that has enabled Creative Commons licenses.<br />
|Mainurl=www.flickr.com<br />
|Author=Flickr<br />
|User_Status=Curator<br />
|Tag=photo, folksonomy, technical details<br />
|License_short_name=various<br />
|Format=Image, MovingImage<br />
|Country=United States<br />
|Quote=Making my photos available on flickr using a CC-license has made wonderful things happen. My photos have been used in classrooms, in books and on blogs. They have been used to illustrate articles in Wikipedia or help charities’ fund-raising campaigns.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Lars Plougmann, http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/8157, http://www.flickr.com/people/criminalintent/<br />
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/5/5d/Flickr_by_zanastardust.jpg<br />
|Image_attribution=CC BY by Zanastardust: http://www.flickr.com/photos/zanastardust/145197704/<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/<br />
|alt_case_study_title=Flickr<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
<br />
Launched in 2004 and later acquired by Yahoo, Flickr is an image and video hosting website that allows users to post, share, and comment on each other's content. These photos are organized by user-submitted tags, which generate emergent folksonomies of thematically linked photos. Users can also create photo pools, which allow others to submit images into publicly available repositories. Notably, the site also allows for Creative Commons licensing support in its service, allowing creators to share certain rights for usage of their photos with others. As of late 2009, the site hosts over [http://blog.flickr.net/en/2009/10/12/4000000000/ four billion images].<br />
<br />
[http://www.flickr.com/help/forum/en-us/97258/ According to a Flickr staff member] in mid-2009, the site had acquired 32+ million registered users. Data on how this user base is distributed worldwide remains unclear. However, Flickr has been notably used by activists to compile and publicize events. Clay Shirky's <em>[http://www.herecomeseverybody.org/ Here Comes Everybody]</em> details the role played by Flickr in circulating photos of political protests in Belarus (p. 167). Similarly, Flickr users [http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/02/04/flickrs-version-of-a-mass-protest/ organized onsite protests] against Microsoft's attempted buyout of Yahoo in 2008.<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
Users can choose to release their work under any of the available Creative Commons licenses. As of [http://blog.flickr.net/en/2011/10/05/200-million-creative-commons-photos-and-counting/ October 2011], Flickr hosted over 200 million CC licensed images. In March 2010, Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/20870 summarized] the growth of CC licensed photos on Flickr over the years.<br />
<br/><br />
<br/>Flickr has also published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, waiving all copyright restrictions via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]."<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
<br />
Jon Phillips, who worked closely with Flickr on CC integration, commented that open licensing was useful in "providing an interface with the rest of the world and the blogosphere without having to ask permission. It provided, in short, a clear path to usage." <br />
<br/><br />
<br/>When Flickr first integrated CC licensing, they [http://blog.flickr.net/en/2004/06/29/creative-commons/ wrote] that "As individuals and as a company we wholeheartedly support and endorse the Creative Commons’ mission and hope to help contribute to the preservation and enhancement of creative freedom and personal expression."<br />
<br/><br />
<br/>On releasing its shapefile dataset via the CC0 public domain dedication, Flickr [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ gives the following reasons]:<br />
<blockquote><ul><li>We want people (developers, researchers and anyone else who wants to play) to find new and interesting ways to use the shapefiles and we recognize that, in many cases, this means having access to the entire dataset.</li><br />
<li>We want people to feel both comfortable and confident using this data in their projects and so we opted for a public domain license so no one would have to spend their time wondering about the issue of licensing. We also think the work that the Creative Commons crew is doing is valuable and important and so we chose to release the shapefiles under the CC0 public domain dedication as a show of support.</li><br />
<li>We want people to create their own shapefiles and to share them so that other people (including us!) can find interesting ways to use them. We’re pretty sure there’s something to this “shapefile stuff” even if we can’t always put our finger on it so if publishing the dataset will encourage others to do the same then we’re happy to do so.</li></ul></blockquote><br />
<br />
== Technical Details ==<br />
<br />
Flickr has implemented 1) a license chooser, 2) the license mark on pages for CC licensed objects, 3) [[CC REL]] metadata, and 4) searching for CC licensed videos.<br />
<br />
=== License chooser ===<br />
There are many ways to CC license your content in Flickr. The three main ways are 1) setting a default license for your account to apply the license to all new uploads, 2) batch-licensing all your previous uploads, or 3) selectively licensing some of your photos.<br />
<br />
====Setting a default license====<br />
To set a default CC license for your content, follow these directions:<br />
<br />
'''1. Go to ''Your account'' and click on the ''Privacy and Permissions'' tab.<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr1.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''2. Scroll down to the ''Defaults for new uploads'' section and look for the following line (you may not already have a default license, but the example below does):'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr2.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''3. Click ''Edit'' and you will be taken to a license chooser to select a new default license for new uploads.'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr3.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
====Batch licensing====<br />
<br />
After you've set a default license, you might have photos that were uploaded before you set a default license. You can change the licensing status of those images in multiple ways.<br />
<br />
'''On the same page you used to set a default license, there is a link to a page where you also have the option to ''Batch edit'' the license for all of your previous uploads. So here you can, for example, CC license all of your previously uploaded photos before you had set a default license.'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr4.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''Otherwise, you can select individual sets of photos to change the licensing status of through the [http://www.flickr.com/photos/organize/ Organize view]. On this page, you can drag photos into the screen, select ''Permissions'' and then select ''Change licensing''.<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr5.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''You should be presented with a license chooser:'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr6.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''You can also batch edit the licensing status of sets or collections. To do this, open the set or collection in the Organize view and in the ''Batch edit'' menu, select ''Change licensing'':'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr7.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
=== License mark ===<br />
CC license marks appear on pages for specific images. <br />
<br />
For example, see [http://www.flickr.com/photos/joi/5165089663/ this image].<br />
<br />
'''The license mark on that page appears in the right hand column:'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:Flickr9.png|border|link=http://www.flickr.com/photos/joi/5165089663/]]<br />
<br />
That small image and text links to the specific license deed that the photo is under.<br />
<br />
'''The CC mark also appears at the bottom of the menu above the image to ''Share this'':'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:Flickr10.png|border|link=http://www.flickr.com/photos/joi/5165089663/]]<br />
<br />
=== Metadata ===<br />
<br />
Flickr has implemented a subset of the [[CC REL]] specification by specifying the 'license' and 'cc:license'. Note that both names are contained in a single rel= attribute, which is perfectly valid, although the two terms are equivalent and therefore it isn't necessary to use both. See [[RelLicense|this wiki page]] for more information.<br />
<br />
'''For an example, see the source code at the top of [http://www.flickr.com/photos/joi/5165089663/ this image's page] for the namespace definitions:'''<br />
<br />
<code><nowiki><br />
<html xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"><br />
</nowiki></code><br />
<br />
'''And then below where the CC BY license is linked to:'''<br />
<br />
<code><nowiki><br />
<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en" rel="license cc:license">Some rights reserved</a> <br />
</nowiki></code><br />
<br />
=== CC search ===<br />
You can search for CC licensed content on Flickr by license.<br />
<br />
To explore photos by CC license, visit the [http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/ Creative Commons page] and select your desired license.<br />
<br />
To search for Creative Commons licensed photos, go to the [http://www.flickr.com/search/advanced/? advanced search page] and check the box at the bottom to ''Only search within Creative Commons-licensed content''. Then select the desired license permissions.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Flickr8.png|border|link=http://www.flickr.com/search/advanced/?]]<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
[http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/ Creative Commons licensed photos] and [http://www.lblognetwork.com blog] [http://www.anggarakasa.com seo]<br />
<br />
Some collections from Creative Commmons affiliates give a good sense of the type of material collected:<br />
<br />
*[http://flickr.com/photos/joi/ Joi Ito]<br />
*[http://flickr.com/photos/fcb/ Fred Benenson]<br />
*[http://flickr.com/photos/itstimhwang Tim Hwang]<br />
*[http://www.tranlegroup.com Thiet Ke Web]<br />
[[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Flickr&diff=59924Case Studies/Flickr2012-10-25T12:04:28Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Media */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|Description=Flickr is a popular photo- and video-sharing site that has enabled Creative Commons licenses.<br />
|Mainurl=www.flickr.com<br />
|Author=Flickr<br />
|User_Status=Curator<br />
|Tag=photo, folksonomy, technical details<br />
|License_short_name=various<br />
|Format=Image, MovingImage<br />
|Country=United States<br />
|Quote=Making my photos available on flickr using a CC-license has made wonderful things happen. My photos have been used in classrooms, in books and on blogs. They have been used to illustrate articles in Wikipedia or help charities’ fund-raising campaigns.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Lars Plougmann, http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/8157, http://www.flickr.com/people/criminalintent/<br />
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/5/5d/Flickr_by_zanastardust.jpg<br />
|Image_attribution=CC BY by Zanastardust: http://www.flickr.com/photos/zanastardust/145197704/<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/<br />
|alt_case_study_title=Flickr<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
<br />
Launched in 2004 and later acquired by Yahoo, Flickr is an image and video hosting website that allows users to post, share, and comment on each other's content. These photos are organized by user-submitted tags, which generate emergent folksonomies of thematically linked photos. Users can also create photo pools, which allow others to submit images into publicly available repositories. Notably, the site also allows for Creative Commons licensing support in its service, allowing creators to share certain rights for usage of their photos with others. As of late 2009, the site hosts over [http://blog.flickr.net/en/2009/10/12/4000000000/ four billion images].<br />
<br />
[http://www.flickr.com/help/forum/en-us/97258/ According to a Flickr staff member] in mid-2009, the site had acquired 32+ million registered users. Data on how this user base is distributed worldwide remains unclear. However, Flickr has been notably used by activists to compile and publicize events. Clay Shirky's <em>[http://www.herecomeseverybody.org/ Here Comes Everybody]</em> details the role played by Flickr in circulating photos of political protests in Belarus (p. 167). Similarly, Flickr users [http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/02/04/flickrs-version-of-a-mass-protest/ organized onsite protests] against Microsoft's attempted buyout of Yahoo in 2008.<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
Users can choose to release their work under any of the available Creative Commons licenses. As of [http://blog.flickr.net/en/2011/10/05/200-million-creative-commons-photos-and-counting/ October 2011], Flickr hosted over 200 million CC licensed images. In March 2010, Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/20870 summarized] the growth of CC licensed photos on Flickr over the years.<br />
<br/><br />
<br/>Flickr has also published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, waiving all copyright restrictions via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]."<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
<br />
Jon Phillips, who worked closely with Flickr on CC integration, commented that open licensing was useful in "providing an interface with the rest of the world and the blogosphere without having to ask permission. It provided, in short, a clear path to usage." <br />
<br/><br />
<br/>When Flickr first integrated CC licensing, they [http://blog.flickr.net/en/2004/06/29/creative-commons/ wrote] that "As individuals and as a company we wholeheartedly support and endorse the Creative Commons’ mission and hope to help contribute to the preservation and enhancement of creative freedom and personal expression."<br />
<br/><br />
<br/>On releasing its shapefile dataset via the CC0 public domain dedication, Flickr [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ gives the following reasons]:<br />
<blockquote><ul><li>We want people (developers, researchers and anyone else who wants to play) to find new and interesting ways to use the shapefiles and we recognize that, in many cases, this means having access to the entire dataset.</li><br />
<li>We want people to feel both comfortable and confident using this data in their projects and so we opted for a public domain license so no one would have to spend their time wondering about the issue of licensing. We also think the work that the Creative Commons crew is doing is valuable and important and so we chose to release the shapefiles under the CC0 public domain dedication as a show of support.</li><br />
<li>We want people to create their own shapefiles and to share them so that other people (including us!) can find interesting ways to use them. We’re pretty sure there’s something to this “shapefile stuff” even if we can’t always put our finger on it so if publishing the dataset will encourage others to do the same then we’re happy to do so.</li></ul></blockquote><br />
<br />
== Technical Details ==<br />
<br />
Flickr has implemented 1) a license chooser, 2) the license mark on pages for CC licensed objects, 3) [[CC REL]] metadata, and 4) searching for CC licensed videos.<br />
<br />
=== License chooser ===<br />
There are many ways to CC license your content in Flickr. The three main ways are 1) setting a default license for your account to apply the license to all new uploads, 2) batch-licensing all your previous uploads, or 3) selectively licensing some of your photos.<br />
<br />
====Setting a default license====<br />
To set a default CC license for your content, follow these directions:<br />
<br />
'''1. Go to ''Your account'' and click on the ''Privacy and Permissions'' tab.<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr1.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''2. Scroll down to the ''Defaults for new uploads'' section and look for the following line (you may not already have a default license, but the example below does):'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr2.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''3. Click ''Edit'' and you will be taken to a license chooser to select a new default license for new uploads.'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr3.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
====Batch licensing====<br />
<br />
After you've set a default license, you might have photos that were uploaded before you set a default license. You can change the licensing status of those images in multiple ways.<br />
<br />
'''On the same page you used to set a default license, there is a link to a page where you also have the option to ''Batch edit'' the license for all of your previous uploads. So here you can, for example, CC license all of your previously uploaded photos before you had set a default license.'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr4.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''Otherwise, you can select individual sets of photos to change the licensing status of through the [http://www.flickr.com/photos/organize/ Organize view]. On this page, you can drag photos into the screen, select ''Permissions'' and then select ''Change licensing''.<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr5.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''You should be presented with a license chooser:'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr6.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
'''You can also batch edit the licensing status of sets or collections. To do this, open the set or collection in the Organize view and in the ''Batch edit'' menu, select ''Change licensing'':'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:flickr7.png|border|link=]]<br />
<br />
=== License mark ===<br />
CC license marks appear on pages for specific images. <br />
<br />
For example, see [http://www.flickr.com/photos/joi/5165089663/ this image].<br />
<br />
'''The license mark on that page appears in the right hand column:'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:Flickr9.png|border|link=http://www.flickr.com/photos/joi/5165089663/]]<br />
<br />
That small image and text links to the specific license deed that the photo is under.<br />
<br />
'''The CC mark also appears at the bottom of the menu above the image to ''Share this'':'''<br />
<br />
[[Image:Flickr10.png|border|link=http://www.flickr.com/photos/joi/5165089663/]]<br />
<br />
=== Metadata ===<br />
<br />
Flickr has implemented a subset of the [[CC REL]] specification by specifying the 'license' and 'cc:license'. Note that both names are contained in a single rel= attribute, which is perfectly valid, although the two terms are equivalent and therefore it isn't necessary to use both. See [[RelLicense|this wiki page]] for more information.<br />
<br />
'''For an example, see the source code at the top of [http://www.flickr.com/photos/joi/5165089663/ this image's page] for the namespace definitions:'''<br />
<br />
<code><nowiki><br />
<html xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"><br />
</nowiki></code><br />
<br />
'''And then below where the CC BY license is linked to:'''<br />
<br />
<code><nowiki><br />
<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en" rel="license cc:license">Some rights reserved</a> <br />
</nowiki></code><br />
<br />
=== CC search ===<br />
You can search for CC licensed content on Flickr by license.<br />
<br />
To explore photos by CC license, visit the [http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/ Creative Commons page] and select your desired license.<br />
<br />
To search for Creative Commons licensed photos, go to the [http://www.flickr.com/search/advanced/? advanced search page] and check the box at the bottom to ''Only search within Creative Commons-licensed content''. Then select the desired license permissions.<br />
<br />
[[Image:Flickr8.png|border|link=http://www.flickr.com/search/advanced/?]]<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
[http://www.flickr.com/creativecommons/ Creative Commons licensed photos] and [http://www.lblognetwork.com blog] [http://www.anggarakasa.com seo]<br />
<br />
Some collections from Creative Commmons affiliates give a good sense of the type of material collected:<br />
<br />
*[http://flickr.com/photos/joi/ Joi Ito]<br />
*[http://flickr.com/photos/fcb/ Fred Benenson]<br />
*[http://flickr.com/photos/itstimhwang Tim Hwang]<br />
*[http://www.thietkewebhcm.com Thiet Ke Web Gia Re]<br />
[[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Sita_Sings_The_Blues&diff=59923Case Studies/Sita Sings The Blues2012-10-25T12:03:04Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* License Usage */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|Description=Sita Sings the Blues is a musical, animated personal interpretation of the Indian epic the Ramayana released under a CC Attribution-Share Alike license.<br />
|Quote=I want my film to reach the widest audience. It costs money to run a theater; it costs money to manufacture DVDs; it costs money to make and distribute 35mm film prints. It’s essential I allow people to make money distributing Sita these ways and others; otherwise, no one will do it. So I eschewed the “non commercial” license. Share Alike would “protect” the work from ever being locked up [...] a Share Alike license eliminates the corporate abuse everyone’s so afraid of, while it encourages entrepreneurship and innovation. Everyone wins, especially the artist!<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Nina Paley<br />
|Image_Header=http://creativecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/05ramsitagods.jpg<br />
|Image_attribution=RamSitaGods<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.archive.org/details/SitaStills<br />
|Author=Nina Paley<br />
|User_Status=Creator<br />
|Tag=cinema, animation<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-SA<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/<br />
|Format=MovingImage<br />
|Country=United States<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
<br />
'''Sita Sings the Blues''' is an animated feature-length film from Nina Paley. It has achieved wide levels of success, both commercially and in press, without the help of traditional press methods or large studio backing. Released under a CC Attribution-Share Alike license, the film is a prime example of 'open-source cinema'.<br />
<br />
You can read more about the film at the .<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
'''Sita Sings The Blues''' is released under a [CC Attribution-Share Alike license], a decision Paley came to after her experience trying to license Annette Hanshaw's music.<br />
[http://www.sitasingstheblues.com/faq.html '''Sita Sings The Blues''' FAQ]<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
<br />
Paley describes her motivation for using a CC BY-SA license at length in her featured interview at [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14760 creativecommons.org]:<br />
<br />
<br />
I want my film to reach the widest audience. It costs money to run a theater; it costs money to manufacture DVDs; it costs money to make and distribute 35mm film prints. It’s essential I allow people to make money distributing Sita these ways and others; otherwise, no one will do it. So I eschewed the “non commercial” license. Share Alike would “protect” the work from ever being locked up. It’s better than Public Domain; works are routinely removed from the Public Domain via privatized derivatives (just try making your own Pinocchio). I didn’t want some corporation locking up a play or TV show based on Sita. They are certainly welcome to make derivative works, and make money from them; in fact I encourage this. But they may not sue or punish anyone for sharing those works.<br />
<br /><br /><br />
I looked to the Free Software movement as a model. The CC BY-SA license most closely resembles the GNU GPL, which is the foundation of Free Software. People make plenty of money in Free Software; there’s no reason they can’t do the same in Free Culture, except for those pernicious “non commercial” licenses. A Share Alike license eliminates the corporate abuse everyone’s so afraid of, while it encourages entrepreneurship and innovation. Everyone wins, especially the artist!<br />
<br />
== Profit Breakdown ==<br />
<br />
via [http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2009/11/23/how-to-make-55000-by-giving-away-your-work/ '''The Wall Street Journal''']:<br />
<br />
* Total donations from people who appreciate her giving out free content: $23,000<br />
* Profits from her online store which sells merchandise and DVDs: $19,000<br />
* Theatrical distribution revenues: $3,000 (out of total box office tally of $22,350)<br />
* Additional DVD distribution: $3,000<br />
* Broadcast television distribution: $3,000<br />
* Revenue from Central Cinema in Seattle which showed the film: $4,000<br />
* Grand total: $55,000<br />
<br />
[[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Sita_Sings_The_Blues&diff=59922Case Studies/Sita Sings The Blues2012-10-25T12:02:32Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Overview */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|Description=Sita Sings the Blues is a musical, animated personal interpretation of the Indian epic the Ramayana released under a CC Attribution-Share Alike license.<br />
|Quote=I want my film to reach the widest audience. It costs money to run a theater; it costs money to manufacture DVDs; it costs money to make and distribute 35mm film prints. It’s essential I allow people to make money distributing Sita these ways and others; otherwise, no one will do it. So I eschewed the “non commercial” license. Share Alike would “protect” the work from ever being locked up [...] a Share Alike license eliminates the corporate abuse everyone’s so afraid of, while it encourages entrepreneurship and innovation. Everyone wins, especially the artist!<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Nina Paley<br />
|Image_Header=http://creativecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/05ramsitagods.jpg<br />
|Image_attribution=RamSitaGods<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.archive.org/details/SitaStills<br />
|Author=Nina Paley<br />
|User_Status=Creator<br />
|Tag=cinema, animation<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-SA<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/<br />
|Format=MovingImage<br />
|Country=United States<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
<br />
'''Sita Sings the Blues''' is an animated feature-length film from Nina Paley. It has achieved wide levels of success, both commercially and in press, without the help of traditional press methods or large studio backing. Released under a CC Attribution-Share Alike license, the film is a prime example of 'open-source cinema'.<br />
<br />
You can read more about the film at the .<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
'''Sita Sings The Blues''' is released under a [CC Attribution-Share Alike license], a decision Paley came to after her experience trying to license Annette Hanshaw's music.<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
<br />
Paley describes her motivation for using a CC BY-SA license at length in her featured interview at [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14760 creativecommons.org]:<br />
<br />
<br />
I want my film to reach the widest audience. It costs money to run a theater; it costs money to manufacture DVDs; it costs money to make and distribute 35mm film prints. It’s essential I allow people to make money distributing Sita these ways and others; otherwise, no one will do it. So I eschewed the “non commercial” license. Share Alike would “protect” the work from ever being locked up. It’s better than Public Domain; works are routinely removed from the Public Domain via privatized derivatives (just try making your own Pinocchio). I didn’t want some corporation locking up a play or TV show based on Sita. They are certainly welcome to make derivative works, and make money from them; in fact I encourage this. But they may not sue or punish anyone for sharing those works.<br />
<br /><br /><br />
I looked to the Free Software movement as a model. The CC BY-SA license most closely resembles the GNU GPL, which is the foundation of Free Software. People make plenty of money in Free Software; there’s no reason they can’t do the same in Free Culture, except for those pernicious “non commercial” licenses. A Share Alike license eliminates the corporate abuse everyone’s so afraid of, while it encourages entrepreneurship and innovation. Everyone wins, especially the artist!<br />
<br />
== Profit Breakdown ==<br />
<br />
via [http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2009/11/23/how-to-make-55000-by-giving-away-your-work/ '''The Wall Street Journal''']:<br />
<br />
* Total donations from people who appreciate her giving out free content: $23,000<br />
* Profits from her online store which sells merchandise and DVDs: $19,000<br />
* Theatrical distribution revenues: $3,000 (out of total box office tally of $22,350)<br />
* Additional DVD distribution: $3,000<br />
* Broadcast television distribution: $3,000<br />
* Revenue from Central Cinema in Seattle which showed the film: $4,000<br />
* Grand total: $55,000<br />
<br />
[[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Beatpick_study&diff=59921Case Studies/Beatpick study2012-10-25T12:01:26Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Media */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|Description=Beatpick is a "fairplay" music label that features a range of music from all over the globe, all released under a CC BY-NC-SA license.<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.beatpick.com/<br />
|Author=Beatpick LLC<br />
|User_Status=Curator<br />
|Tag=record label, music label<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-NC-SA<br />
|Format=Sound<br />
|Country=Global, United Kingdom<br />
|Quote=Creative Commons was the inspiration for BeatPick.com and not the contrary. I thought that it was the perfect legal framework for the label I wanted to create: it would give us the possibility to decide which rights to grant and which to retain on our music.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=David d’Atri<br />
|Image_Header=http://creativecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/img_1787.JPG<br />
|Image_attribution=Beatpick<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
<br />
Beatpick bills itself as a "Fairplay" music label. This, according to founder David d’Atri, means the following:<br />
<br />
:1. Fairer to the public because it allows people to try before they buy, as well as pay a low price in order to download the music in a variety of high to perfect quality digital formats. BeatPick.com also encourages music sharing and allows music to be re-downloaded after it has been bought.<br />
<br />
:2. Fairer for businesses because they get quick and easy access to music licensing prices and contracts, and have an accessible system with which to license music day or night. They also have transparent access to music licensing with equal prices for all artists, haggle-free.<br />
<br />
:3. Fairer for the artists because they sign a non-exclusive agreement that can be terminated anytime, receive 50% of any earnings on their music, are not forced to sign obscure and unfavourable contracts, benefit from free advertisement for their creations and they get their music in film/tv and other commercial projects.<br />
<br />
:4. Last but not least, BeatPick.com runs a fair system that encourages millions of students, soon-to-become professionals, amateurs, DJs and professionals, to use music for free in their non-commercial projects. We love people who remix, podcast or create multimedia projects with our music and disseminate it on the web. We believe this is truly a resource for innovation and sharing of information, as well as a key in assisting our business and increasing the earnings of our artists.<br />
<br />
:5. Fairer for store owners: we are launching a pilot project in Italy under which public and private spaces will be able to acquire the right to diffuse our music in their premises without having to pay the collecting societies (SIAE in Italy). We have ratified an agreement with FIIS (Italian Federation of the Sport Centres) which will present their members with two membership options: web radio or external hard disk with music manager software. This is the first time in Italy that a private company becomes a direct competitor of SIAE therefore liberalising a market. It seems fairer that public and private spaces have an option to choose the organisation that offer the service most appropriate to their needs. Owners of large public and private spaces can save up to 70% on SIAE fees.<br />
<br />
As of October 2007, BeatPick represents around 120 artists with over 3,000 music tracks. In addition to BeatPick’s London base, the company has recently opened an office in Rome, Italy as a result of being partially acquired by an Italian software company.<br />
<br />
Beatpick splits earnings 50/50 with artists or labels. This agreement is non-exclusive and can be terminated anytime. Beatpick believes the core of their business lies in music licensing. From d'Atri:<br />
<br />
:Professionals listen to our music, then pick which works best for their production and they are only just a few clicks away from getting a legal contract and WAV file for the music they have chosen. We also help professionals with no time to search for the music they need. They send us an email with their request and in a few hours they are emailed a link to download a number of songs to choose from. Once they have decided on a tune they write back to us and we send back a licensing agreement via email. We also provide clients with access to our catalogue free of charge. They get access to our ftp and from there they can download anything they want. They can simply download over 3000 tracks divided by genre to their hard disk. We are also planning to offer membership deals and supply clients with a hard disk full of music.<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
All of the music on Beatpick is licensed to the public under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license. This allows Beatpick to retain licensing rights for their music which in turn allows them to generate profit for themselves and their artists (they have a 50/50 split).<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
<br />
Beatpick uses a CC BY-NC-SA license because they believe "it is the best CC license for businesses because it balances the need to make a living with the need for advertisement. It helps to get your music noticed via sharing, remixing, and use in non-commercial projects without losing the possibility to earn money from people that are willing to pay for your music. This license applies perfectly to us and has allowed us to create our business as it is."<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
[[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Valkaama&diff=59918Case Studies/Valkaama2012-10-25T11:56:35Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* General */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|Description=Valkaama is a collaborative Open Source movie project.<br />
|Quote=Movies produced in an open collaborative approach can be observed more and more often nowadays. Valkaama wasn't only among the first feature films which were made available under a Creative Commons license but it was the first feature film project which published HD video sources. We strive to apply the Open Source approach as much as possible to film. By using the Creative Commons BY-SA license we enable everyone not only to freely copy our material but also to remix it and use it commercially.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Tim Baumann<br />
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/a/a5/Valkaama.jpg<br />
|Image_attribution=Tim Baumann, Valkaama<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.valkaama.com<br />
|Author=Tim Baumann<br />
|User_Status=Creator<br />
|Tag=film<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-SA<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/<br />
|Format=MovingImage<br />
|Country=Germany<br />
}}<br />
==Overview==<br />
<br />
Valkaama is a collaborative open source movie project. It intends to complete the post-production of a full feature movie to be done publicly with the help of volunteers both amateur and professional. The project was started in November 2006 and published as Open Source in October 2008.<br />
<br />
Valkaama is a drama placed in Sweden and Finland. It has been realized with drama school students and amateurs in and around Krakow, Poland. The movie tells the story of two unlike young men, each seeking for his personal future, that are thrown together by fate to travel to “Valkaama” to find what each is looking for. As their paths cross, they do not realize how much of their journey has already been determined by their pasts. <br />
Open Source and Open Content movies are still a rarity in the Internet. Valkaama is one of the first movies not only to be distributed freely but also to guarantee free access to all source data used and created during the production process. The use of CC by-sa 3.0 licenses for the movie and its sources guarantees a very flexible use and reuse of the produced material.<br />
<br />
==Licence Usage==<br />
<br />
Valkaama uses multiple Creative Commons v.3.0 licenses. The movie itself and the source material are published under a CC by-sa license while other material like pictures and texts on the website are available under various CC licenses like the by and by-nd. A few works are also licensed under a non-commercial attribute because the original artists explicitly demanded it. It is hoped for that the ongoing negotiations and discussions about this issue will lead to lifting this attribute for the works in question as well.<br />
<br />
The licenses are consequently used on the projects webpage www.valkaama.com where almost every text, picture and video as well as every downloadable media is tagged with a respective license. In some cases the licenses are also included into the media files themselves.<br />
<br />
==Motivations==<br />
<br />
Creative Commons licenses are a simple way to specify how creative work can be used and reused by others. They are accepted and respected both, by the community and by legal institutions which predestines them for an open project like SEO Valkaama. <br />
<br />
It was decided to mainly use the CC by-sa licenses in order to not restrict the use and reuse of the material unnecessarily. Although it can be used commercially, the share-alike term ensures that the [http://www.lblognetwork.com blogging tips] Valkaama material (and new creative works based upon it) will not be exploited, because this license contradicts the media industry’s business models. The permission for commercial use under a share-alike condition can motivate kata motivasi the creation of new free works based upon the project’s materials and thus enrich our digital culture.<br />
<br />
==General==<br />
<br />
For more information, please visit the project’s webpage [http://www.valkaama.com].<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Films<br />
|director=Tim Baumann<br />
|producer=Tim Baumann<br />
|filmtype=FeatureFilm<br />
|mainurl=http://www.valkaama.com<br />
|releasedate=10/2008<br />
|license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/<br />
|length=95<br />
<br />
}}<br />
[[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Jonathan_Coulton&diff=59917Case Studies/Jonathan Coulton2012-10-25T11:55:47Z<p>Mikemollan123: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|Description=Jonathan Coulton is an independent/unsigned singer-songwriter who utilises Creative Commons licences to help promote his music via free downloads.<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.jonathancoulton.com/<br />
|Author=Jonathon Coulton<br />
|User_Status=Creator<br />
|Tag=music<br />
|License short name=CC BY-NC<br />
|Format=Sound<br />
|Country=United States<br />
|Quote=All I can say is that Creative Commons is the most powerful idea that I’ve heard since they told me there was going to be a sequel to ''Star Wars''. Everyone in the world should read Lawrence Lessig’s book ''Free Culture''. …The things he says make so much sense<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Jonathan Coulton, http://www.jonathancoulton.com/faq#CC<br />
|Image_Header=http://farm1.static.flickr.com/190/510308241_3d9950e377.jpg<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-NC<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
<br />
Jonathan Coulton is a singer-songwriter and musician based in Brooklyn, New York, in the United States of America. Coulton refers to his music as an experiment in the new ways in which content will be distributed and disseminated as a result of the Internet. His rationale, in his own words, is that, ‘I give away music because I want to make music, and I can’t make music unless I make money, and I won’t make any money unless I get heard, and I won’t get heard unless I give away music.' (http://www.jonathancoulton.com/faq#Who). In 2005, Coulton began a project entitled 'Thing a Week', where he wrote and released a new song on his [http://www.lblognetwork.com website] every week for a year (http://www.jonathancoulton.com/primer/thing-a-week). The project was aimed at getting publicity for Coulton's music, and several of the songs including 'Flickr' and 'Code Monkey' were big Internet hits. The Thing a Week project was released via a weekly podcast, with each song being available under the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial licence. <br />
<br />
Jonathan Coulton has all of his music available to stream on his [http://www.jonathancoulton.com website], as well as many of the songs available for free download on his [http://www.anggarakasa.com website]. Customers can then buy songs in either mp3 or FLAC format for $US1 and albums for between $US5 –$US10. Customers can also make donations via Paypal or Amazon, buy physical CDs through online distributor CD Baby, download songs as ringtones for free, or buy t-shirts, books and games from the merchandise section. There are even karaoke versions available of some of the songs. Evidencing his enthusiasm for engaging fans, Coulton has even performed concerts in the virtual world, [http://www.secondlife.com Second Life] (http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/6056).<br />
<br />
In a May, 2011 interview Coulton noted that he made $500k from his music in 2010. (http://www.techdirt.com/blog/casestudies/articles/20110515/23234814274/another-exception-jonathan-coulton-making-half-million-year-with-no-record-label.shtml)<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
The licence adopted for all Jonathan Coulton songs is the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial 3.0 licence]. The licence is applied to songs available on Coulton's website both for download and as streaming content. Coulton [http://www.jonathancoulton.com/faq#Use highlights] the importance he places on allowing his fans to have the chance to use his work in whatever way they choose, including remixing and adding to his work.<br />
<br />
Though unable to release any statistics, Jonathan says that some of his songs have been downloaded hundreds of thousands of times, and 45% of his income in 2007 was from paid digital downloads (Interview by James Milsom with Jonathan Coulton via email, 5 April 2008). This evidences the success Jonathan has had through the use of Creative Commons licences facilitating the ability to give content away for free. Jonathan's content has been used in music videos made by fans and posted on Youtube, subsequently receiving (in some cases) over a million hits. Fans have also created cover versions of his songs, artwork, dances, plays, card games and even guitar instructional videos. Coulton says that this sort of outcome is very satisfying and validating, but more importantly from a business point of view, such enthusiasm from fans has meant that he has received a great amount of free publicity.<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
<br />
Jonathan Coulton heard about open content licensing through his previous work writing software. He heard Lawrence Lessig speak at the PopTech conference in 2003, and was [http://www.jonathancoulton.com/faq#CC sold on the Creative Commons rationale] immediately. <br />
<br />
When asked about the benefits of licensing his music under CC by Wagner James Au for New World Notes in September 2006, Jonathan [http://nwn.blogs.com/nwn/2006/09/the_second_life.html responded]:<br />
<br />
:'It’s gone very well for me. At first, even though I was all fired up about the possibilities of CC, I still had that panicky lizard-brain fear about file sharing. I can understand why it’s a hard thing for people in the industry to get over – I totally sympathise. But at least for someone in my position, it’s the best thing I could have done. Every month I get more traffic, more donations/sales, and more fans. I’m quite certain that having a CC license on all the music has really helped that process. If someone who’s never heard my music before gets a free mp3 (or twenty) and likes it, chances are they’re going to pass it along to some friends, blog about it, maybe even make a video for it. Each one of those outcomes means more exposure, more fans, and more chances for people to pay me – something that wouldn’t have happened as easily if the music was all locked up with DRM and the full battery of copyright restrictions.' <br />
<br />
Creative Commons licensing was chosen for its ability to facilitate sharing of content easily for publicity. Also, while understanding the significance of being able to give music away legally, Jonathan sees the importance of protecting some rights in the music, and the non-commercial aspect of the licence he uses serves this purpose well. He sees it as important for musicians to reserve their right to commercially license their content if an opportunity to do so comes their way.<br />
<br />
Jonathan uses the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial 3.0 licence. Following trials using licences that incorporated the ShareAlike provision, Jonathan found that it was too difficult to monitor whether people were indeed 'sharing alike' and licensing his content in the same manner that he had licensed it. For that reason, he abandoned use of the ShareAlike provision. <br />
<br />
Having had considerable success owing to Creative Commons licensing, Jonathan Coulton has also seen the difficulties that arise with commercial licensing of content. He has had many offers from businesses hoping to license content for commercial use for small fees. Such situations, he argues, are hard to justify using a lawyer to negotiate and contract into, as they will most likely not earn a lot of money. He suggests that if there were a boilerplate solution similar to the Creative Commons licences that enabled artists to commercially license their work easily this would be of great benefit. (Interview with Jonathan Coulton via email, 5 April 2008)<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
‘Jonathan Coulton’ by Dan Coulter, CC BY-SA 2.0, http://www.flickr.com/photos/dancoulter/510308241/ <br />
<br />
[{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Please help us edit this.] Add media that is relevant.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Valkaama&diff=59916Case Studies/Valkaama2012-10-25T11:53:43Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Motivations */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|Description=Valkaama is a collaborative Open Source movie project.<br />
|Quote=Movies produced in an open collaborative approach can be observed more and more often nowadays. Valkaama wasn't only among the first feature films which were made available under a Creative Commons license but it was the first feature film project which published HD video sources. We strive to apply the Open Source approach as much as possible to film. By using the Creative Commons BY-SA license we enable everyone not only to freely copy our material but also to remix it and use it commercially.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Tim Baumann<br />
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/a/a5/Valkaama.jpg<br />
|Image_attribution=Tim Baumann, Valkaama<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.valkaama.com<br />
|Author=Tim Baumann<br />
|User_Status=Creator<br />
|Tag=film<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-SA<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/<br />
|Format=MovingImage<br />
|Country=Germany<br />
}}<br />
==Overview==<br />
<br />
Valkaama is a collaborative open source movie project. It intends to complete the post-production of a full feature movie to be done publicly with the help of volunteers both amateur and professional. The project was started in November 2006 and published as Open Source in October 2008.<br />
<br />
Valkaama is a drama placed in Sweden and Finland. It has been realized with drama school students and amateurs in and around Krakow, Poland. The movie tells the story of two unlike young men, each seeking for his personal future, that are thrown together by fate to travel to “Valkaama” to find what each is looking for. As their paths cross, they do not realize how much of their journey has already been determined by their pasts. <br />
Open Source and Open Content movies are still a rarity in the Internet. Valkaama is one of the first movies not only to be distributed freely but also to guarantee free access to all source data used and created during the production process. The use of CC by-sa 3.0 licenses for the movie and its sources guarantees a very flexible use and reuse of the produced material.<br />
<br />
==Licence Usage==<br />
<br />
Valkaama uses multiple Creative Commons v.3.0 licenses. The movie itself and the source material are published under a CC by-sa license while other material like pictures and texts on the website are available under various CC licenses like the by and by-nd. A few works are also licensed under a non-commercial attribute because the original artists explicitly demanded it. It is hoped for that the ongoing negotiations and discussions about this issue will lead to lifting this attribute for the works in question as well.<br />
<br />
The licenses are consequently used on the projects webpage www.valkaama.com where almost every text, picture and video as well as every downloadable media is tagged with a respective license. In some cases the licenses are also included into the media files themselves.<br />
<br />
==Motivations==<br />
<br />
Creative Commons licenses are a simple way to specify how creative work can be used and reused by others. They are accepted and respected both, by the community and by legal institutions which predestines them for an open project like SEO Valkaama. <br />
<br />
It was decided to mainly use the CC by-sa licenses in order to not restrict the use and reuse of the material unnecessarily. Although it can be used commercially, the share-alike term ensures that the [http://www.lblognetwork.com blogging tips] Valkaama material (and new creative works based upon it) will not be exploited, because this license contradicts the media industry’s business models. The permission for commercial use under a share-alike condition can motivate kata motivasi the creation of new free works based upon the project’s materials and thus enrich our digital culture.<br />
<br />
==General==<br />
<br />
For more information, please visit the project’s webpage [http://www.valkaama.com].<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Films<br />
|director=Tim Baumann<br />
|producer=Tim Baumann<br />
|filmtype=FeatureFilm<br />
|mainurl=http://www.valkaama.com<br />
|releasedate=10/2008<br />
|license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/<br />
|length=95<br />
<br />
}}</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Valkaama&diff=59915Case Studies/Valkaama2012-10-25T11:51:16Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* General */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|Description=Valkaama is a collaborative Open Source movie project.<br />
|Quote=Movies produced in an open collaborative approach can be observed more and more often nowadays. Valkaama wasn't only among the first feature films which were made available under a Creative Commons license but it was the first feature film project which published HD video sources. We strive to apply the Open Source approach as much as possible to film. By using the Creative Commons BY-SA license we enable everyone not only to freely copy our material but also to remix it and use it commercially.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Tim Baumann<br />
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/a/a5/Valkaama.jpg<br />
|Image_attribution=Tim Baumann, Valkaama<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.valkaama.com<br />
|Author=Tim Baumann<br />
|User_Status=Creator<br />
|Tag=film<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-SA<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/<br />
|Format=MovingImage<br />
|Country=Germany<br />
}}<br />
==Overview==<br />
<br />
Valkaama is a collaborative open source movie project. It intends to complete the post-production of a full feature movie to be done publicly with the help of volunteers both amateur and professional. The project was started in November 2006 and published as Open Source in October 2008.<br />
<br />
Valkaama is a drama placed in Sweden and Finland. It has been realized with drama school students and amateurs in and around Krakow, Poland. The movie tells the story of two unlike young men, each seeking for his personal future, that are thrown together by fate to travel to “Valkaama” to find what each is looking for. As their paths cross, they do not realize how much of their journey has already been determined by their pasts. <br />
Open Source and Open Content movies are still a rarity in the Internet. Valkaama is one of the first movies not only to be distributed freely but also to guarantee free access to all source data used and created during the production process. The use of CC by-sa 3.0 licenses for the movie and its sources guarantees a very flexible use and reuse of the produced material.<br />
<br />
==Licence Usage==<br />
<br />
Valkaama uses multiple Creative Commons v.3.0 licenses. The movie itself and the source material are published under a CC by-sa license while other material like pictures and texts on the website are available under various CC licenses like the by and by-nd. A few works are also licensed under a non-commercial attribute because the original artists explicitly demanded it. It is hoped for that the ongoing negotiations and discussions about this issue will lead to lifting this attribute for the works in question as well.<br />
<br />
The licenses are consequently used on the projects webpage www.valkaama.com where almost every text, picture and video as well as every downloadable media is tagged with a respective license. In some cases the licenses are also included into the media files themselves.<br />
<br />
==Motivations==<br />
<br />
Creative Commons licenses are a simple way to specify how creative work can be used and reused by others. They are accepted and respected both, by the community and by legal institutions which predestines them for an open project like [http://www.anggarakasa.com SEO] Valkaama. <br />
<br />
It was decided to mainly use the CC by-sa licenses in order to not restrict the use and reuse of the material unnecessarily. Although it can be used commercially, the share-alike term ensures that the [http://www.lblognetwork.com blogging tips] Valkaama material (and new creative works based upon it) will not be exploited, because this license contradicts the media industry’s business models. The permission for commercial use under a share-alike condition can motivate [http://eravirda.blogdetik.com kata motivasi] the creation of new free works based upon the project’s materials and thus enrich our digital culture.<br />
<br />
==General==<br />
<br />
For more information, please visit the project’s webpage [http://www.valkaama.com].<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Films<br />
|director=Tim Baumann<br />
|producer=Tim Baumann<br />
|filmtype=FeatureFilm<br />
|mainurl=http://www.valkaama.com<br />
|releasedate=10/2008<br />
|license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/<br />
|length=95<br />
<br />
}}</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Cory_Doctorow&diff=59910Case Studies/Cory Doctorow2012-10-25T11:24:11Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Media */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|Description=Cory Doctorow is a writer, blogger, and futurist who has embraced the ideals of Creative Commons from the beginning.<br />
|Mainurl=http://craphound.com<br />
|Author=Cory Doctorow<br />
|User_Status=Creator<br />
|Tag=Literature<br />
|License short name=CC BY-NC-ND, CC BY-NC-SA<br />
|Format=Text<br />
|Country=United Kingdom<br />
|Quote=Not only does making my books available for free increase the number of sales that I get, but I also came to understand it artistically as a Science Fiction writer that if I was making work that wasn't intended to be copied, then I was really making contemporary work.<br />
|Quote_Attribution=[http://craphound.com Cory Doctorow]<br />
|Image_Header=http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2018/2196901054_a9f86dbd12.jpg<br />
|Image_attribution=[http://flickr.com/photos/joi/2196901054/ Joi Ito]<br />
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en<br />
|translations=Es:Cory Doctorow<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-NC-SA<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
Cory Doctorow is a Science Fiction author with a vast amount of work under his name. Cory, as a very early adopter of Creative Commons, has been producing Creative Commons licensed works since 2003 with the publication of the first CC licensed novel Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom. Along with writing SciFi, Cory is one of the editors of Boing Boing, an award wining blog covering a wide range of topics from technological gadgets, to steampunk tricycles, to current information policy debates.<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
Cory Doctorow's literary works are released under Creative Commons Atrribution NonCommercial ShareAlike or Attribution NonCommercial NoDerivatives. His latest work, Little Brother, has spent 4 weeks on the NYTimes bestseller list and is released as BY-NC-SA.<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
As a very early adopter and promoter of Creative Commons licenses, Cory Doctorow's reasoning for using them for his works is well known in certain circles. For instance, in an interview with Greg Grossmeier, community development intern at Creative Commons, Cory gave his reasoning as it relates to the type of writing he does:<br />
“Not only does making my books available for free increase the number of sales that I get, but I also came to understand it artistically as a Science Fiction writer that if I was making work that wasn't intended to be copied, then I was really making contemporary work.”<br />
<br />
From that same interview Cory describes how he sees the relationship between the increasing role and power of copyright and the people who use those works:<br />
“As the copyright wars deepened, I really started to understand the cost of imposing a 20th century exclusive rights style copyright on individual users of works in the 21st century would lead to a dramatic decrease in freedoms that are really important like free speech, free expression, even free of assembly and freedom of the press. All of these things would come under fire as a result of the copyright wars.”<br />
<br />
Cory's support of the CC licenses also stems from his dislike of overly restrictive forms of protection on creative works. As expressed on his personal website's bio page, written in 2006, “I believe that we live in an era where anything that can be expressed as bits will be. I believe that bits exist to be copied. Therefore, I believe that any business-model that depends on your bits not being copied is just dumb, and that lawmakers who try to prop these up are like governments that sink fortunes into protecting people who insist on living on the sides of active volcanoes.”<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
* [http://craphound.com/bio.php About Cory Doctorow (official website)]<br />
* [http://xkcd.com/239/ One of a number of XKCD comics where Cory Doctorow is mentioned]. [[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Case_Studies/Jonathan_Coulton&diff=59909Case Studies/Jonathan Coulton2012-10-25T11:22:24Z<p>Mikemollan123: /* Media */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Case Study<br />
|Description=Jonathan Coulton is an independent/unsigned singer-songwriter who utilises Creative Commons licences to help promote his music via free downloads.<br />
|Mainurl=http://www.jonathancoulton.com/<br />
|Author=Jonathon Coulton<br />
|User_Status=Creator<br />
|Tag=music<br />
|License short name=CC BY-NC<br />
|Format=Sound<br />
|Country=United States<br />
|Quote=All I can say is that Creative Commons is the most powerful idea that I’ve heard since they told me there was going to be a sequel to ''Star Wars''. Everyone in the world should read Lawrence Lessig’s book ''Free Culture''. …The things he says make so much sense<br />
|Quote_Attribution=Jonathan Coulton, http://www.jonathancoulton.com/faq#CC<br />
|Image_Header=http://farm1.static.flickr.com/190/510308241_3d9950e377.jpg<br />
|importance=High<br />
|quality=A-Class<br />
|License_short_name=CC BY-NC<br />
|License=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/<br />
}}<br />
== Overview ==<br />
<br />
Jonathan Coulton is a singer-songwriter and musician based in Brooklyn, New York, in the United States of America. Coulton refers to his music as an experiment in the new ways in which content will be distributed and disseminated as a result of the Internet. His rationale, in his own words, is that, ‘I give away music because I want to make music, and I can’t make music unless I make money, and I won’t make any money unless I get heard, and I won’t get heard unless I give away music.' (http://www.jonathancoulton.com/faq#Who). In 2005, Coulton began a project entitled 'Thing a Week', where he wrote and released a new song on his [http://www.lblognetwork.com website] every week for a year (http://www.jonathancoulton.com/primer/thing-a-week). The project was aimed at getting publicity for Coulton's music, and several of the songs including 'Flickr' and 'Code Monkey' were big Internet hits. The Thing a Week project was released via a weekly podcast, with each song being available under the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial licence. <br />
<br />
Jonathan Coulton has all of his music available to stream on his [http://www.jonathancoulton.com website], as well as many of the songs available for free download on his [http://www.anggarakasa.com website]. Customers can then buy songs in either mp3 or FLAC format for $US1 and albums for between $US5 –$US10. Customers can also make donations via Paypal or Amazon, buy physical CDs through online distributor CD Baby, download songs as ringtones for free, or buy t-shirts, books and games from the merchandise section. There are even karaoke versions available of some of the songs. Evidencing his enthusiasm for engaging fans, Coulton has even performed concerts in the virtual world, [http://www.secondlife.com Second Life] (http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/6056).<br />
<br />
In a May, 2011 interview Coulton noted that he made $500k from his music in 2010. (http://www.techdirt.com/blog/casestudies/articles/20110515/23234814274/another-exception-jonathan-coulton-making-half-million-year-with-no-record-label.shtml)<br />
<br />
== License Usage ==<br />
<br />
The licence adopted for all Jonathan Coulton songs is the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial 3.0 licence]. The licence is applied to songs available on Coulton's website both for download and as streaming content. Coulton [http://www.jonathancoulton.com/faq#Use highlights] the importance he places on allowing his fans to have the chance to use his work in whatever way they choose, including remixing and adding to his work.<br />
<br />
Though unable to release any statistics, Jonathan says that some of his songs have been downloaded hundreds of thousands of times, and 45% of his income in 2007 was from paid digital downloads (Interview by James Milsom with Jonathan Coulton via email, 5 April 2008). This evidences the success Jonathan has had through the use of Creative Commons licences facilitating the ability to give content away for free. Jonathan's content has been used in music videos made by fans and posted on Youtube, subsequently receiving (in some cases) over a million hits. Fans have also created cover versions of his songs, artwork, dances, plays, card games and even guitar instructional videos. Coulton says that this sort of outcome is very satisfying and validating, but more importantly from a business point of view, such enthusiasm from fans has meant that he has received a great amount of free publicity.<br />
<br />
== Motivations ==<br />
<br />
Jonathan Coulton heard about open content licensing through his previous work writing software. He heard Lawrence Lessig speak at the PopTech conference in 2003, and was [http://www.jonathancoulton.com/faq#CC sold on the Creative Commons rationale] immediately. <br />
<br />
When asked about the benefits of licensing his music under CC by Wagner James Au for New World Notes in September 2006, Jonathan [http://nwn.blogs.com/nwn/2006/09/the_second_life.html responded]:<br />
<br />
:'It’s gone very well for me. At first, even though I was all fired up about the possibilities of CC, I still had that panicky lizard-brain fear about file sharing. I can understand why it’s a hard thing for people in the industry to get over – I totally sympathise. But at least for someone in my position, it’s the best thing I could have done. Every month I get more traffic, more donations/sales, and more fans. I’m quite certain that having a CC license on all the music has really helped that process. If someone who’s never heard my music before gets a free mp3 (or twenty) and likes it, chances are they’re going to pass it along to some friends, blog about it, maybe even make a video for it. Each one of those outcomes means more exposure, more fans, and more chances for people to pay me – something that wouldn’t have happened as easily if the music was all locked up with DRM and the full battery of copyright restrictions.' <br />
<br />
Creative Commons licensing was chosen for its ability to facilitate sharing of content easily for publicity. Also, while understanding the significance of being able to give music away legally, Jonathan sees the importance of protecting some rights in the music, and the non-commercial aspect of the licence he uses serves this purpose well. He sees it as important for musicians to reserve their right to commercially license their content if an opportunity to do so comes their way.<br />
<br />
Jonathan uses the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial 3.0 licence. Following trials using licences that incorporated the ShareAlike provision, Jonathan found that it was too difficult to monitor whether people were indeed 'sharing alike' and licensing his content in the same manner that he had licensed it. For that reason, he abandoned use of the ShareAlike provision. <br />
<br />
Having had considerable success owing to Creative Commons licensing, Jonathan Coulton has also seen the difficulties that arise with commercial licensing of content. He has had many offers from businesses hoping to license content for commercial use for small fees. Such situations, he argues, are hard to justify using a lawyer to negotiate and contract into, as they will most likely not earn a lot of money. He suggests that if there were a boilerplate solution similar to the Creative Commons licences that enabled artists to commercially license their work easily this would be of great benefit. (Interview with Jonathan Coulton via email, 5 April 2008)<br />
<br />
== Media ==<br />
‘Jonathan Coulton’ by Dan Coulter, CC BY-SA 2.0, http://www.flickr.com/photos/dancoulter/510308241/ <br />
<br />
[{{SERVER}}{{localurl:{{NAMESPACE}}:{{PAGENAME}}|action=edit}} Please help us edit this.] Add media that is relevant.<br />
<br />
[[Category:NY]]<br />
[[Category:USA]]</div>Mikemollan123