Creative Commons - User contributions [en]

SGAE v. Luis

2011-08-15T18:26:30Z

Matt:

{{Case Law
|title=SGAE v. Luis
|region=Spain
|court=Provincial Court of Pontevedra (1st section)
|date=2005/11/29
|summary='''BACKGROUND'''

A Spanish collecting society, the Sociedad General de Autores y Editores (SGAE) successfully sued a coffee bar owner, alleging that he had failed to pay SGAE the license fee required for public performances of music managed by the collecting society during the period between June 2003 and November 2004. On appeal, the defendant presented the Creative Commons license and argued that the coffee bar only played openly licensed music. SGAE offered evidence, however, that the business also played music that was part of the SGAE catalogue, such as songs by Gloria Estefan. The defendant did not prove that the relevant rightsholders applied CC licenses to those works.

'''RESULT'''

The Provincial Court rejected the appeal because the coffee bar made a public performance of copyrighted works from the SGAE catalogue. Since the copyright holders of the relevant works had not applied the CC license, the defendant’s reference to the CC license had no effect. The opinion stated in dicta that the CC license was “nothing but a mere informatory leaflet about the contents of the license and is lacking any signature; therefore it cannot be asserted any value.” Although some commentators have expressed concern that this language jeopardizes the validity of CC licenses in Spain, the validity of CC license was not at issue as the rightsholders never applied the CC license in the first place.

'''TAKE AWAY'''

CC licenses are not effective when applied by anyone other than the copyright holder. Until a copyright holder applies the license to their work, the license has no effect.

While the dicta in this case on a casual read has suggested to some that CC licenses are not enforceable without the licensor’s signature, a closer look at the facts and the opinion appears to indicate that this was not at issue or in dispute. The dicta demonstrates that a party wishing to rely on a CC license to play music cannot apply a CC license to a work without permission from the owner.

As a side note, the same court ruled against SGAE in a later, unrelated case, and held that a different venue owner did not have to pay royalties for the public performance of openly licensed works (See Judgment No. 477/2008 of the Provincial Court of Pontevedra, 31 July 2008).

Decision in Spanish: http://www.interiuris.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/Creative_Commons_APPO.pdf

Translation in English: http://europe.creativecommons.org/webfm_send/1

}}

SGAE v. Luis

2011-08-15T18:25:38Z

Matt: Created page with "{{Case Law |title=SGAE v. Luis |region=Spain |court=Provincial Court of Pontevedra (1st section) |date=2005/11/29 |summary=BACKGROUND A Spanish collecting society, the Sociedad ..."

{{Case Law
|title=SGAE v. Luis
|region=Spain
|court=Provincial Court of Pontevedra (1st section)
|date=2005/11/29
|summary=BACKGROUND

A Spanish collecting society, the Sociedad General de Autores y Editores (SGAE) successfully sued a coffee bar owner, alleging that he had failed to pay SGAE the license fee required for public performances of music managed by the collecting society during the period between June 2003 and November 2004. On appeal, the defendant presented the Creative Commons license and argued that the coffee bar only played openly licensed music. SGAE offered evidence, however, that the business also played music that was part of the SGAE catalogue, such as songs by Gloria Estefan. The defendant did not prove that the relevant rightsholders applied CC licenses to those works.

RESULT

The Provincial Court rejected the appeal because the coffee bar made a public performance of copyrighted works from the SGAE catalogue. Since the copyright holders of the relevant works had not applied the CC license, the defendant’s reference to the CC license had no effect. The opinion stated in dicta that the CC license was “nothing but a mere informatory leaflet about the contents of the license and is lacking any signature; therefore it cannot be asserted any value.” Although some commentators have expressed concern that this language jeopardizes the validity of CC licenses in Spain, the validity of CC license was not at issue as the rightsholders never applied the CC license in the first place.

TAKE AWAY

CC licenses are not effective when applied by anyone other than the copyright holder. Until a copyright holder applies the license to their work, the license has no effect.

While the dicta in this case on a casual read has suggested to some that CC licenses are not enforceable without the licensor’s signature, a closer look at the facts and the opinion appears to indicate that this was not at issue or in dispute. The dicta demonstrates that a party wishing to rely on a CC license to play music cannot apply a CC license to a work without permission from the owner.

As a side note, the same court ruled against SGAE in a later, unrelated case, and held that a different venue owner did not have to pay royalties for the public performance of openly licensed works (See Judgment No. 477/2008 of the Provincial Court of Pontevedra, 31 July 2008).

Decision in Spanish: http://www.interiuris.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/Creative_Commons_APPO.pdf

Translation in English: http://europe.creativecommons.org/webfm_send/1

}}

File:Case - Spain (translated) - SGAE v Luis (1).pdf

2011-08-15T18:00:38Z

Matt: Translation in English

Translation in English

File:SGAEvLuisSpanish.pdf

2011-08-15T17:59:03Z

Matt: Opinion in Spanish

Opinion in Spanish

Legalcode errata

2011-07-01T18:10:26Z

Matt: /* Section 4 */

Despite our best efforts, spelling errors and other errata are sometimes included in the published legal code for licenses. Creative Commons publishes [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sha1 SHA1] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function checksums] for legal code, which allows people who receive a copy of the license to easily verify this it has not been tampered with. Therefore Creative Commons does not amend legal code once published.

Creative Commons is planning an errata service which will allow us to record and report the typographical errata for a license without modifying the document itself. This service is currently under development, and will launch at some time in the future (probably 2010). Until that time, this wiki page collects known errata for license legal code. If you discover a spelling error on a license, please record it here. The information on this page will be integrated in the errata service at launch time.

= Recurring bugs =

== by-sa with by-nc-sa as example compatible port ==
Found in (at least, pending further review). See section 4(b) or 4(β) in the Greece license:
* by-sa 3.0 gr
* by-sa 3.0 ph
* by-sa 2.5 ca (en and fr)
* by-sa 2.0 at
* by-sa 2.0 ca (en and fr)
* by-sa 2.0 de
* by-sa 2.0 fr

== Header color-coding not correct ==
The headers of the legalcode are color-coded to indicate the relative openness of the licenses. A green header means more open, and this is only applied to the BY and BY-SA licenses. The BY-NC, BY-NC-ND, BY-NC-SA and BY-ND legalcode should have a yellow header.

=== Has a green header, but should be yellow: ===
* by-nc, by-nc-nd, by-nc-sa, by-nd 3.0 gt (Guatemala)
* by-nc, by-nc-sa, by-nc-nd, by-nd 3.0 ec (Ecuador)
* by-nc, by-nc-sa, by-nc-nd, by-nd 3.0 lu (Luxembourg)

=== Has a yellow header, but should be green: ===
* by, by-sa 3.0 gr (Greece)

=== "Creative Commons Compatible License" Clause ===
In BY-SA licenses, the "Creative Commons Compatible License" clause in Section 1 should make reference to "Unported" license, as in the example from BY SA 3.0 US: "(ii) explicitly permits the relicensing of derivatives of works made available under that license under this License or either a Creative Commons ''Unported'' license or a Creative Commons jurisdiction license with the same License Elements as this License." (italics added)

Licenses without reference to Unported:
* by-sa 3.0 ph
* by-sa 3.0 nz
* by-sa 3.0 no
* by-sa 3.0 ro

=== Incorrect reference to "the Applicable License" ===
Some 3.0 BY-SA and BY-NC-SA licenses (all English licenses ''except'' Australia 3.0) incorrectly refer to "the Applicable License" or "Applicable License" instead of "this License" in section 4(b) where the license reads "You must include a copy of, or the URI, for [ ] License".

= Unported License Errata =
== By Section ==
=== Section 3 ===
Section 3(d) "set forth" vs "described"
* BY-NC: "including but not limited to the rights set forth is Section 4"
* BY-NC-ND: "including but not limited to the rights set forth in Section 4"
* BY-NC-SA: "including but not limited to the rights described in Section 4"

Section 3 (various sub) "Section" included or not
* BY 3(e)(iii): "Subject to Section 8(f), all rights not expressly granted"
* BY-NC 3(d): "Subject to Section 8(f), all rights not expressly granted"
* BY-SA 3(e)(iii):"Subject to Section 8(f), all rights not expressly granted"
* BY-ND 3(c)(iii):"Subject to Section 8(f), all rights not expressly granted"
* BY-NC-SA 3(d): "Subject to Section 8(f), all rights not expressly granted"
* BY-NC-ND 3(b): "Subject to 8(f), all rgihts not expressly granted"

Section 3 (various sub) "8(f)" vs "8(e)"
All the licenses say "8(f)". They should be as follows:
* BY 3(e)(iii): 8(f)
* BY-NC 3(d): 8(e)
* BY-SA 3(e)(iii): 8(f)
* BY-ND 3(c)(iii): 8(e)
* BY-NC-SA 3(d): 8(f)
* BY-NC-ND 3(b): 8(e)

===Section 4===
Section 4(b)positioning of lowercase (i)
* BY-SA: "only under the terms of: (i) this License"
* BY-NC-SA: "only under: (i) the terms of this License"

Section 4(b)"the" included or not
* BY-SA: "You must include a copy of, or the URI for, the Applicable License with every copy"
* BY-NC-SA: "You must include a copy of, or the URI, for Applicable License with every copy"

Section 4(b)Numerals in BY-SA only
* BY-SA:"(I) You must include a copy of"
* BY-NC-SA:"You must include a copy of"

* BY-SA: "every copy of the Work You Distribute or Publicly Perform; (II) You may not offer"
* BY-NC-SA: "every copy of the Work You Distribute or Publicly Perform. You may not"

* BY-SA: "the terms of the Applicable License; (III) You must keep intact all notices"
* BY-NC-SA: "the terms of the Applicable License. You must keep intact all notices"

* BY-SA: "You Distribute or Publicly Perform; (IV) when You Distribute or Publicly Perform the Adaptation"
* BY-NC-SA: "You Distribute or Publicly Perform. When You Distribute or Publicly Perform the Adaptation"

Section 4 (various sub) "connection" vs "con-nection"
* BY-NC 4(b): "provided there is no payment of any monetary compensation in connection with the exchange of copyrighted works."
* BY-NC-SA 4(c): "provided there is no payment of any monetary compensation in con-nection with the exchange of copyrighted works."
* BY-NC-ND 4(b): "provided there is no payment of any monetary compensation in connection with the exchange of the copyrighted works."

Section 4 (various sub) Punctuation and "Section" vs "Ssection"
* BY 4(b): "the copyright notice or licensing information for the Work; and (iv), consistent with Section 3(b), in the case of Adaptation"
* BY-NC 4(c): "the copyright notice or licensing information for the Work; and, (iv) consistent with Section 3(b), in the case of Adaptation"
* BY-SA 4(c): "the copyright notice or licensing information for the Work; and (iv), consistent with Ssection 3(b), in the case of Adaptation"
* BY-NC-SA 4(d): "the copyright notice or licensing information for the Work; and, (iv) consistent with Section 3(b), in the case of Adaptation"

Section 4(b)Use of "the"
* BY-ND: "if a credit for all contributing authors of the Collection appears"
* BY-NC-ND: "if a credit for all contributing authors of Collection appears"

Section 4(b) of BY-SA
* Last sentence "This Section 4(b) applies to the Adaptation as incorporated in a Collection, but this does not require the Collection apart from the Adaptation itself to be made subject to the terms of the Applicable License." Big C Collections should be changed to little c collections or another term.

=== Section 5 ===
Use of "To"
* BY: "Unless Otherwise Mutually Agreed To By the Parties in writing"
* BY-NC: "Unless Otherwise Mutually Agreed To By the Parties in writing"
* BY-SA: "Unless Otherwise Mutually Agreed To By the Parties in writing"
* BY-ND: "Unless Otherwise Mutually Agreed To By the Parties in writing"
* BY-NC-SA: "Unless Otherwise Mutually Agreed To By the Parties in writing"
* BY-NC-ND: "Unless Otherwise Mutually Agreed By the Parties in writing"

"Merchantibility" vs "Merchantability"
* BY: "Including, Without Limitation, Warranties of Title, Merchantibility, Fitness for a Particular Purpose"
* BY-NC: "Including, Without Limitation, Warranties of Title, Merchantibility, Fitness for a Particular Purpose"
* BY-SA: "Including, Without Limitation, Warranties of Title, Merchantibility, Fitness for a Particular Purpose"
* BY-ND: "Including, Without Limitation, Warranties of Title, Merchantibility, Fitness for a Particular Purpose"
* BY-NC-SA:"Including, Without Limitation, Warranties of Title, Merchantability, Fitness for a Particular Purpose"
* BY-NC-ND: "Including, Without Limitation, Warranties of Title, Merchantibility, Fitness for a Particular Purpose"

"Such" vs "This"
* BY: "so Such Exclusion May Not Apply To You"
* BY-NC: "so Such Exclusion May Not Apply To You"
* BY-SA: "so Such Exclusion May Not Apply To You"
* BY-ND: "so Such Exclusion May Not Apply To You"
* BY-NC-SA: "so This Exclusion May Not Apply To You"
* BY-NC-ND: "so Such Exclusion May Not Apply To You"

"OR THE PRESENCE OF ABSENCE OF ERRORS"... "OF ABSENCE" should be removed. This affects all Unported licenses of versions 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0.

=== Notice ===
End of last paragraph "this" vs "the"
* BY: "this trademark restriction does not form part of this License."
* BY-NC: "this trademark restriction does not form part of the License."
* BY-SA: "this trademark restriction does not form part of the License."
* BY-ND: "this trademark restriction does not form part of this License."
* BY-NC-SA: "this trademark restriction does not form part of this License."
* BY-NC-ND: "this trademark restriction does not form part of this License."

==By License ==
=== BY 3.0 unported===
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
* 4(b) has the comma after "and (iv)" instead of between "and" and "iv" like BY-NC and BY-NC-SA.
* Section 5 does not include the phrase "And to the Fullest Extent Permitted by Applicable Law," before "Licensor Offers the Work As-IS and Makes No Representations". Only BY-NC-SA has this phrase.

=== BY-NC 3.0 unported ===
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/legalcode
* The last paragraph of section 3 makes reference to a section 8(f), which doesn't actually exist. Instead, it should refer to section 8(e).
* Section 5 does not include the phrase "And to the Fullest Extent Permitted by Applicable Law," before "Licensor Offers the Work As-IS and Makes No Representations". Only BY-NC-SA has this phrase.
* Section 5 has the misspelling "Merchantibility". Only BY-NC-SA has the correct spelling.
* The Notice at the end says "the License" instead of "this License". BY-SA is also incorrect.

=== BY-SA 3.0 unported ===
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode
* 1(b) cites 1(f), should cite 1(h).
* 1(b) says Adaption is defined '''above''', not below as the text states.
* 4(b) has uppercase roman numerals that are not present in BY-NC-SA.
* 4(b) should say "this License" instead of "Applicable License".
* 4(c) has the comma after "and (iv)" instead of between "and" and "(iv)".
* 4(c) has a spelling error: "(iv) , consistent with Ssection 3(b)".
* Section 5 does not include the phrase "And to the Fullest Extent Permitted by Applicable Law," before "Licensor Offers the Work As-IS and Makes No Representations". Only BY-NC-SA has this phrase.
* Section 5 has the misspelling "Merchantibility". Only BY-NC-SA has the correct spelling.
* The Notice at the end says "the License" instead of "this License". BY-NC is also incorrect.

=== BY-ND ===
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/legalcode
* The last paragraph of section 3 makes reference to a section 8(f), which doesn't actually exist. Instead, it should refer to section 8(e).
* Section 5 does not include the phrase "And to the Fullest Extent Permitted by Applicable Law," before "Licensor Offers the Work As-IS and Makes No Representations". Only BY-NC-SA has this phrase.
* Section 5 has the misspelling "Merchantibility". Only BY-NC-SA has the correct spelling.

=== BY-NC-SA ===
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/legalcode
* 3(d) says "including but not limited to the rights described in Section 4" instead of "set forth in Section 4".
* 4(b) has a mix-up in where the lower case roman numerals begin. It says "You may Distribute or Publicly Perform an Adaptation only under: (i) the terms of this License; (ii) a later version" instead of "only under the terms of: (i) this License; (ii)". BY-SA is correct.
*4(b) is missing the word "the" and has a misplaced comma. It says "You must include a copy of, or the URI, for Applicable License with every copy of" instead of "or the URI for, the Applicable License". BY-SA has the "the".
*4(b) should say "this License" instead of "Applicable License".
* 4(b) does not have the upper case roman numerals present in the BY-SA license. Instead of a full stop (.), each clause should end with a semi-colon (;) and be followed by the proper uppercase roman numeral. The numerals and sentences correspond as follows:
** (I) You must include a copy of...
** (II) You may not offer...
** (III) You must keep intact all notices...
** (IV) when You Distribute or Perform the Adaptation.... (the lower case "when" is also different).
* 4(c) says "no payment of any monetary compensation in con-nection with the exchange" instead of "compensation in connection with".
* Section 5 reads "Do Not Allow the Exclusion of Implied Warranties so This Exclusion May Not Apply To You" instead of "so Such Exclusion May Not Apply To You." All other licenses are correct.

=== BY-NC-ND ===
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/legalcode
* 3(b) is missing the word "Section" before "8(f)". It says "Subject to 8(f)" instead of "Subject to Section 8(f), all rights not expressly granted". All other licenses are correct.
* The last paragraph of section 3 makes reference to a section 8(f), which doesn't actually exist. Instead, it should refer to section 8(e).
* 4(b) is missing the word "the". It says "if a credit for all contributing authors of Collection appears" instead of "of the Collection appears". BY-ND has it correctly
* Section 5 is missing the word "to". It says "Unless Otherwise Mutually Agreed By the Parties in Writing" instead of "Agreed To By the Parties". All other licenses are correct.
* Section 5 does not include the phrase "And to the Fullest Extent Permitted by Applicable Law," before "Licensor Offers the Work As-IS and Makes No Representations". Only BY-NC-SA has this phrase.
* Section 5 has the misspelling "Merchantibility". Only BY-NC-SA has the correct spelling.

= Individual license errata =
== by 3.0 us ==
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/legalcode

Section (3) b. includes two semicolons (;).
"...or a modification could indicate "The original work has been modified.";;"

== by-sa 3.0 us ==

Section 4(a) (about mid paragraph), the sentence "You may not impose any technological measures on the Work that restrict the ability of a recipient of the Work from You to exercise '''of''' the rights granted to that recipient under the terms of the License." The bolded word "of" should not be there.

== all 3.0 es (Spain) ==

Missing jurisdiction flag

== by 2.0 de ==
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/de/legalcode
<pre>
(1) Lizenzvertrag:

< UNTER DER VORAUSSETZUNGEIN, DASS
---
> UNTER DER VORAUSSETZUNG EIN, DASS

(2) Definitionen:

< f. f. Unter dem „Schutzgegenstand"wird
< verstanden
---
> f. Unter dem „Schutzgegenstand" wird
> verstanden.

(3) Gewährleistung:

< vereinbart,,
---
> vereinbart,

(4) Schlussbestimmungen:

< a. a. Jedes Mal
---
> a. Jedes Mal

(5)

< HAT CREATIVE COMMONS ALL RECHTE [...]
< LIZENSGEBERS [...]
< KENIE VERTRAGSPARTEI [...]
< ÜBREEINSTIMMUNG
---
> HAT CREATIVE COMMONS ALLE RECHTE [...]
> LIZENZGEBERS [...]
> DARF KEINE VERTRAGSPARTEI [...]
> ÜBEREINSTIMMUNG
</pre>

== by-sa 2.0 it ==
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/it/legalcode
* 4(b) is a repeat of 4(a)
* corrected in http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/it/legalcode

== devnations 2.0 (retired) ==
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/devnations/3.0/legalcode
* economy is misspelled

== by, by-nc, by-nc-nd, by-nd, by-sa 2.0 fr ==
All of these license have a section 5(a)(i) that references a non-existent section 4(e). The by-nc-sa license is not affected and this is probably a by-product of the fact that the by-nc-sa license is usually the template for all the others.

== by, by-nc, by-nc-nd, by-nc-sa, by-nd, by-sa 3.0 nl ==

In the last sentence of section 3 the word 'beschikt' is misspelled (as 'beschickt')

== by-nc-nd 2.5 Canada English vs. French ==

* In Section 4(a) of the English, the last paragraph correctly reads as follows, without any reference to the removal of credit from derivative works (which the license obviously doesn't allow):

If You create a Collective Work, upon request from any Licensor You must, to the extent practicable, include or remove from the Collective Work any credit required by clause 4(c).

And in that same Section in the French, the last two paragraphs read:

Si vous créez une œuvre collective, à la demande du concédant, vous devez, dans la mesure du possible, inclure ou retirer de l’œuvre collective toute reconnaissance de l’auteur prévue à l’alinéa 4 c).

Si vous créez une œuvre dérivée, à la demande du concédant, vous devez, dans la mesure du possible, inclure ou retirer de l’œuvre dérivée toute reconnaissance de l’auteur prévue à l’alinéa 4 c).

The last paragraph in the French BY NC ND 2.5 should be omitted.

= CC Zero errata =
== [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode Version 1.0] ==
=== Section 4(b) ===
* Says "''the present or absence of errors''". "''present''" should be "''presence''".

Marking your work with a CC license

2011-06-02T23:05:37Z

Matt: /* Marking third-party content in your work */

==Best Practices for Marking Content with CC Licenses: Creators ==
<br/>
{| cellspacing="5" cellpadding="10" style="padding: 2%;margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; border:1px dotted red; background:#eee; width:100%"
|
NOTE: This page is for creators and copyright owners who are looking to CC license their own work. If you are looking for the best way to mark CC-licensed work as a user, see http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Marking/Users. If you own a content-sharing site or platform that hosts works by other creators and are interested in enabling CC licensing for your users, see http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Web_Integration.
|}

As a creator using a CC license, it is important to properly note the license you have chosen so that others know what they can and can't do with your work. No matter what the context, CC licenses should be clearly cited to enable their full potential as a legal tool.

==Marking on Your Site==
Our [http://creativecommons.org/choose/ license chooser] is designed to make this process simple - answer a few questions and a formatted HTML code will be generated for you:

# Insert this HTML code into your webpage so that your work is clearly marked.
# This HTML code includes [http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Rdfa RDFa], a very important aspect of marking your work so that others can find it easily.

The specifics of inserting the code depend on how you edit your website. The block of code should be inserted into the page HTML - most desktop website tools like Dreamweaver, Frontpage, or GoLive offer a "code view" that lets you see the code that makes up your page. Near the end of the page before you see </body></html>, paste the HTML code in directly.

If all of the resources you are publishing on a single website are licensed under the same CC license, it makes sense to paste the HTML code into your website’s template (e.g., in a footer or sidebar area). After saving the template, the chosen license information should appear everywhere on your site. Whether you add license information to a single page or an entire site, once live on the Internet, the license information will be displayed and the machines will be able to detect the license status automatically.

From there, here are three steps to license notice perfection:

# The full URI (link) to the license. Example: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/.
# A visible notation (most commonly text) that states the license being used. Example: Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
# Optionally, the appropriate Creative Commons license button or CC icon and license property icon(s).

{| cellspacing="5" cellpadding="10" style="padding: 2%;margin:0em 0em 1em 0em; border:1px dotted red; background:#eee; width:100%"
|
NOTE: Because each CC license represents a different set of permissions and restrictions, it is important to note the specific license used. Displaying only the CC icon, “Creative Commons”, or “Some Rights Reserved” is insufficient; always include the full URL.
|}
In order for others to credit you for your work, it is preferable to provide an attribution name and URI. The [http://creativecommons.org/choose/ license chooser] provides the proper license button (if you fill in attribution fields) as well as RDFa attribution data. Alternatively, high resolution buttons and license icons are available from [http://creativecommons.org/about/downloads our logo download page].

For example, see the following screenshot of a license notification that incorporates these best practices:

[[Image:By_small.jpg]]
<br/><small>This work by [http://opencontent.org/blog David Wiley] is licensed under a [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/ Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States].</small>

If you visit David's [http://opencontent.org/blog/ blog], you will see this notice at the bottom of the page. The license icon links to the license deed that includes attribution information specific to David. In this case, David filled out the attribution fields in the [http://creativecommons.org/choose/ license chooser], which provided the proper license button and formatted attribution information. He then pasted the resulting HTML code with RDFa into his webpage and included the textual notation of attribution and the specific license that you see above.

Still confused? Take a look at our visual guide. See [[Website/Publish]] for step by step visuals of copying and pasting the HTML code. This page also contains the same information for pages that host a specific type of media ([[Publish/Audio|audio]], [[Publish/Video|video]], [[Publish/Images|images]], and [[Publish/Text|text]] -- which includes various [[Publish/Text#Blog|blogging]] platforms).

If your work is a derivative of another original CC-licensed work, be sure to look at our [http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Marking/Users Marking for Users] primer as well.

== Marking Specific Media ==

While remaining similar in intent, marking will vary depending on the medium. The following are some helpful tips on making sure your media is marked correctly.

For offline works in general, consider publishing a web page with licensing information about your material. Doing so enables your work to be found by search engines and other web discovery tools.

Below are general examples for each medium. If a more technical explanation is your goal, please see [http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Marking_works Marking Works (technical)]:

<div style="padding:1.25em 1em; margin-left:-1em; margin-right:-1em; -moz-border-radius:5px; -webkit-border-radius:5px; background-color: #eaeaea; overflow: auto;">
{{PageColumn|
===Offline Text===
<small>(for online text see [[Marking/Creators#Marking_on_Your_Site|Marking on Your Site]])</small>
*For documents that are meant to be shared in print format (not read online) it is suggested to use a title and/or copyright page to include the Copyright notice and CC license information.
**After going through the [http://creativecommons.org/choose/ license chooser], you can click on "Mark a document not on the web, add this text to your work" in the lower right column.
**And/or you can refer to this sample copyright notice: "Copyright (c) 2009 by Greg Grossmeier. This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/."
*It is also suggested that you use a visual license notice. Here is a collection of visual markers that can be used:
**[[CC markers]] and [http://creativecommons.org/about/downloads/ official CC license icons]
**[[User submitted markers]]
* [[Publish/Text | Advanced Instructions: Text]]

===Image===
*Adding a watermark or other visual marker on an image can ultimately detract from the original. If you choose to, a safe method of indicating license choice consists of two actions:
**When publishing the image on a website, make sure that your license choice is clearly visible, preferably indicated with one of our [http://creativecommons.org/about/downloads/ license icons].
**Ensure search engines can see it also via the use of [[RDFa]], which you can copy and paste from the HTML code given to you by the [http://creativecommons.org/choose/ license chooser].
*Additionally, you can ensure that the image has [[XMP]] metadata support with your name, date, and license choice.
*[[Publish/Image| Advanced Instructions: Image]]
}}
{{PageColumn|
===Audio===
*For audio files, two actions are recommended:
**When publishing the audio file on a website, make sure that your license choice is clearly visible, preferably using one of our [http://creativecommons.org/about/downloads/ license icons].
**Ensure search engines can find it via the use of [[RDFa]], which you can copy and paste from the HTML code provided by the [http://creativecommons.org/choose/ license chooser].
*Additionally, you may want to ensure that the audio file has metadata support with your name, date, and license choice.
**One easy way to do this is to upload your file to music sharing site that has enabled CC licensing. See [[Marking/Creators#Marking on Other Sites|Marking on Other Sites]] below.
**Alternatively, you can use your favorite audio player to add in the information. To learn more see [[Embedded_Metadata]]. You can also see how to add ID3 tags to a common audio file type, such as the [[MP3]], or browse other [[UsingMarkup|file types]].
*Also, if it is practical to do so (for podcasts, for instance, not song tracks), add an audio bumper to the beginning of the file to indicate your choice of license. Here are some [http://creativecommons.org/podcasting intro bumpers] which you can use to build upon.
*[[Publish/Audio| Advanced Instructions: Audio]]

===Video===
*For movie formats that have the ability to include a 2-5 second copyright frame, it is advisable to use the same format as what is suggested for textual works:
**Sample Copyright notice: Copyright (c) 2009 by Greg Grossmeier. This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/.
*Here is a collection of stills which can be used as license bumpers:
**[http://wiki.creativecommons.org/CC_video_bumpers Official CC bumpers]
**[http://wiki.creativecommons.org/User_submitted_bumpers Community Submitted bumpers]
*[[Publish/Video| Advanced Instructions: Video]]
}}
</div>

== Marking Specific Formats ==
* CC-[[OpenOfficeOrg Addin]] for [http://openoffice.org OpenOffice].
* To mark a Microsoft Office word document, you can use the Microsoft Office add-ins for [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=113b53dd-1cc0-4fbe-9e1d-b91d07c76504&displaylang=en Office 2003/XP] or [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=d1ddbdc8-627f-415a-9b0a-97362bc9b480&displaylang=en Office 2007]

== Marking on Other Sites ==

===[[Publish]]===

One way to increase visibility and access to your work is to share it with an existing community. Many content platforms have already enabled CC licensing, making it easy for you to indicate the license along with other information, such as who to attribute. In addition, search engines like Google and Yahoo! will index your work as CC licensed if the [[metadata]] is properly attached.

[[Publish]] your work in an existing community.

== Marking third-party content in your work ==
Marking best practices also apply to third party content within your work. If you are incorporating third-party content in your work (content in which you do not hold the copyright), then you are a user of that work. Third party content may be offered under the same or different terms, such as other CC licenses or "all-rights-reserved" copyright. Just as a creator would be clear about the terms that apply to her own work, she should also be clear about other works she is using in which she does not hold copyright and their corresponding terms. Best practices for users marking third party work offered under a CC license are available at [[Marking/Users]]. Third party content offered under more restrictive terms may require further marking.

== External Links ==
*[http://creativecommons.org.au/marking/examples Marking Examples] explaining metadata from [http://creativecommons.org.au Creative Commons Australia]

== Things to note ==
When marking your work, remember that any restriction or modification to the original license cannot be labeled a 'Creative Commons’ license. See http://creativecommons.org/policies#license.

{{Best Practice}}

[[Category:Marking]]
[[Category:Licensing]]
[[Category:Community]]
[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:HOWTO]]
[[Category:Guide]]

Data

2011-03-17T20:55:19Z

Matt: /* Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data. You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[Data_and_CC_licenses|Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases]]==

Creative Commons licenses are and always have been available for use with data and databases. CC licenses enable rightsholders to share their works while requiring users to abide by chosen conditions for uses that implicate copyright law. [[Data_and_CC_licenses|Many organizations]] currently license their data and databases with CC. Data and databases are subject to the same standards of copyrightability as any creative work; copyright restricts uses of fixed, creative expression regardless of form or medium. It is often difficult to tell whether a work is creative enough for copyright to attach, and our experience tells us that when users are uncertain they tend to follow the license conditions. However, to the extent copyright does not restrict uses under applicable law, for instance in connection with use of single pieces of purely factual data, CC licenses do not limit that use.

==[[CC0_use_for_data|Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
In addition to copyright licenses, Creative Commons also offers CC0, a universal public domain dedication that provides rightsholders with the means to permanently remove all copyright and other restrictions (such as sui generis database rights) from data and databases to the greatest extent possible, thereby placing it in as nearly as possible in the worldwide public domain. [[CC0_use_for_data|Many organizations]] currently release their data and databases for use with CC0. CC particularly recommends CC0 for use in connection with publicly funded science data, though it is used for a number of other categories of works as well.

Data

2011-03-17T20:53:11Z

Matt: /* Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data. You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[Data_and_CC_licenses|Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases]]==

Creative Commons licenses are and always have been available for use with data and databases. CC licenses enable rightsholders to share their works while requiring users to abide by chosen conditions for uses that implicate copyright law. [[Data_and_CC_licenses|Many organizations]] currently license their data and databases with CC. Data and databases are subject to the same standards of copyrightability as any creative work; copyright restricts uses of fixed, creative expression regardless of form or medium. It is often difficult to tell whether a work is creative enough for copyright to attach, and our experience tells us that users tend to follow the license conditions when uncertain for the avoidance of doubt. However, to the extent copyright does not restrict uses under applicable law, for instance in connection with use of single pieces of purely factual data, CC licenses do not limit that use.

==[[CC0_use_for_data|Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
In addition to copyright licenses, Creative Commons also offers CC0, a universal public domain dedication that provides rightsholders with the means to permanently remove all copyright and other restrictions (such as sui generis database rights) from data and databases to the greatest extent possible, thereby placing it in as nearly as possible in the worldwide public domain. [[CC0_use_for_data|Many organizations]] currently release their data and databases for use with CC0. CC particularly recommends CC0 for use in connection with publicly funded science data, though it is used for a number of other categories of works as well.

Data

2011-03-09T00:32:31Z

Matt: /* Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data. You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[Data_and_CC_licenses|Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases]]==

CC licenses are and always have been available for use with data and databases, encouraging rightsholders to share their works while requiring users to abide by chosen conditions for uses that implicate copyright law. [[Data_and_CC_licenses|Many organizations]] currently license their data and databases with CC. Data and databases are subject to the same standards of copyrightability as any creative work; copyright restricts uses of fixed, creative expression regardless of form or medium. It is often difficult to tell whether a work is creative enough for copyright to attach, and our experience tells us that users tend to follow the license conditions when uncertain for the avoidance of doubt. However, to the extent copyright does not restrict uses under applicable law, for instance in connection with use of single pieces of purely factual data, CC licenses do not limit that use.

==[[CC0_use_for_data|Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
In addition to copyright licenses, Creative Commons also offers CC0, a universal public domain dedication that provides rightsholders with the means to permanently remove all copyright and other restrictions (such as sui generis database rights) from data and databases to the greatest extent possible, thereby placing it in as nearly as possible in the worldwide public domain. [[CC0_use_for_data|Many organizations]] currently release their data and databases for use with CC0. CC particularly recommends CC0 for use in connection with publicly funded science data, though it is used for a number of other categories of works as well.

Data

2011-03-09T00:29:27Z

Matt: /* Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data. You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[Data_and_CC_licenses|Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases]]==

CC licenses are and always have been available for use with data and databases, encouraging rightsholders to share their works while requiring users to abide by chosen conditions for uses that implicate copyright law. [[Data_and_CC_licenses|Many organizations]] currently license their data and databases with CC. Data and databases are subject to the same standards of copyrightability as any creative work; copyright restricts uses of fixed, creative expression regardless of form or medium. It is often difficult to tell whether a work is creative enough for copyright to attach, and our experience tells us that users tend to follow the license conditions when uncertain for the avoidance of doubt. However, to the extent copyright does not restrict uses under applicable law, for instance in connection with use of single pieces of purely factual data, CC licenses do not limit that use.

==[[CC0_use_for_data|Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

Data

2011-03-09T00:28:49Z

Matt: /* Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data. You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[Data_and_CC_licenses|Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases]]==

CC licenses are and always have been available for use with data and databases, encouraging rightsholders to share their works while requiring users to abide by chosen conditions for uses that implicate copyright law. [[Data_and_CC_licenses|Many organizations]] currently license their data and databases with CC. Data and databases are subject to the same standards of copyrightability as any creative work; copyright restricts uses of fixed, creative expression regardless of form or medium. It is often difficult to tell whether a work is creative enough for copyright to attach, and our experience tells us that users tend to follow the license conditions when uncertain for the avoidance of doubt. However, to the extent copyright does not restrict uses under applicable law, for instance in connection with use of single pieces of purely factual data, CC licenses do not limit that use.

==[[CC0_use_for_data|Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

Data

2011-03-09T00:27:06Z

Matt:

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data. You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[Data_and_CC_licenses|Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases]]==

CC licenses are and always have been available for use with data and databases, encouraging rightsholders to share their works while requiring users to abide by chosen conditions for uses that implicate copyright law. [Many organizations currently license their data and databases with CC. Data and databases are subject to the same standards of copyrightability as any creative work; copyright restricts uses of fixed, creative expression regardless of form or medium. It is often difficult to tell whether a work is creative enough for copyright to attach, and our experience tells us that users tend to follow the license conditions when uncertain for the avoidance of doubt. However, to the extent copyright does not restrict uses under applicable law, for instance in connection with use of single pieces of purely factual data, CC licenses do not limit that use.

==[[CC0_use_for_data|Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

Data

2011-03-04T21:15:46Z

Matt:

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data. You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[CC0_use_for_data|Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

==[[Data_and_CC_licenses|Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC licenses for data. Though we do recommend [[CC0]] for scientific data (and we’re thrilled to see CC0 used in other domains, for any content and data), where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable.

Data and CC licenses

2011-03-02T19:53:27Z

Matt:

Where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not apply to uses of data and databases that do not implicate copyright. Read more about this [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 here].

==Data and CC license use cases==
This is a list of uses of CC licenses for data. For uses of the [[CC0]] public domain dedication for data, see [[CC0 use for data]].

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Australia|Australia Federal Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics|?Image Header|link=none}}
Three of the largest sources of Australian federal government data sets — [[Case_Studies/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics|Australian Bureau of Statistics]] (ABS), [http://www.ga.gov.au/ Geoscience Australia] and the still beta
[http://data.australia.gov.au/ data.australia.gov.au] — are all licensed by default under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/ CC Attribution]. Together these sites provide free access to all of Australia's census data, official geoscientific information and knowledge, and other miscellaneous government data (such as the location of public toilets). The [http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/D3310114.nsf/Home/%C2%A9+Copyright?opendocument#from-banner=GB ABS] and [http://www.ga.gov.au/copyright.jsp Geoscience Australia] have detailed copyright and attribution guidelines to assist with user implementation. data.australia.gov.au played a major role in the [http://mashupaustralia.org/ Mashup Australia] competition run by Australia's [http://gov2.net.au/ Government 2.0 Taskforce]. Results from the contest (over 50 datasets) were released on data.australia.gov.au.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Government_Information_Licensing_Framework|Australia Queensland State Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Government_Information_Licensing_Framework|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://pan.search.qld.gov.au/search/search.cgi?collection=qld-gov&profile=oesr&num_ranks=10&tiers=off&query=creative+commons Various data] in the Australian state of Queensland's Office of Economic and Statistical Research are licensed under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/ CC Attribution]. The Queensland Government Information Licensing Framework (GILF) seeks to create and implement a new standardized CC licensing arrangement for all Queensland Government information.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/DBpedia|DBpedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/DBpedia|?Image Header|link=none}}
DBpedia is a community organized effort to extract structured data from Wikipedia and make it available on the web so that it can be queried and linked to other datasets. DBpedia currently describes 3.5 million things, and is available for [http://wiki.dbpedia.org/Downloads36 download] under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ CC Attribution-ShareAlike].
</div>

=== [[Case_Studies/Freebase|Freebase]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Freebase|?Image Header|link=none}}
Freebase is a collaborative project that imports structured data from a [http://wiki.freebase.com/wiki/Data_source variety of sources] on the web, including Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, and the Stanford University Library. Freebase currently contains information about 20 million topics, or entities, and its data is available for reuse under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ CC Attribution].
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Greece|Greece Government]]===
Greece has opened up its geospatial data by implementing CC on [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/ geodata.gov.gr/geodata]. The data is available under CC Attribution or CC Attribution-ShareAlike [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2&Itemid=6#how according to the type of data]. Greek geodata is also available at [http://opengeodata.gr opengeodata.gr] [http://www.opengeodata.gr/?p=261 under CC Attribution-ShareAlike], an implementation of the [http://www.inspire-geoportal.eu/index.cfm INSPIRE] directive.

=== [[Case_Studies/MusicBrainz|MusicBrainz]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MusicBrainz|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://musicbrainz.org/ MusicBrainz] is a user-maintained database of information about artists and their music, including title, artist, release date, format, and other data. The data on MusicBrainz is available as public domain material free to be reused without restrictions or under the CC Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike. The distinctions between types of data are explained [http://musicbrainz.org/doc/MusicBrainz_License here].
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#New_Zealand|New Zealand Government]]===
New Zealand's [http://www.mfe.govt.nz/issues/climate/lucas/data/land-use-mapping.html Ministry for the Environment’s Land Cover Database and the Land Environments New Zealand classification] was released under a [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nz CC Attribution license] on the [http://koordinates.com/ Koordinates] website. More info is available at [http://www.creativecommons.org.nz/news_and_events/news/koordinates_showcases_govt_cc_datasets CC New Zealand].

=== [[Case_Studies/OpenStreetMap|OpenStreetMap]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenStreetMap|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] is a user-generated map of the world, amassing geodata collaboratively from around the globe. Its dataset is available under CC Attribution-ShareAlike. After the earthquake in Haiti, OpenStreetMap found an [http://crisiscommons.org/Haiti-Open-Street-Map immediate niche] to fill, launching their [http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/WikiProject_Haiti Project Haiti page] in an effort to map out what was, at the time, a largely incomplete geographical picture, helping those on the ground in Haiti get to where they needed to be with greater accuracy.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Powerhouse_Museum,_Sydney|Powerhouse Museum]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Powerhouse_Museum,_Sydney|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.powerhousemuseum.com Powerhouse Museum] - releases a large range of material under CC, including its [http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/imageservices/ photo of the day], [http://play.powerhousemuseum.com/ downloadable pdfs] from its Play program and the museum's general [http://www.creativecommons.org.au/node/225 collection information and data].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Data Euskadi|Spain (Basque) Government - Open Data Euskadi]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Data Euskadi|?Image Header|link=none}}
In 2009, the Basque government opened up its data via the portal [http://opendata.euskadi.net/ Open Data Euskadi], licensing all of its public data under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ CC Attribution]. The Basque government listed as its reasoning for opening data, to "generate value and wealth," "create transparency," and "facilitate interoperability between administrations." The government especially encourages reuse of its data by the private sector, other public administrations, and stakeholders to promote transparency in government.
</div>

=== [[Case_Studies/Uniprot|Uniprot]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Uniprot|?Image Header|link=none}}
Uniprot, the world’s most comprehensive catalog of information on proteins, is available for reuse under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ CC Attribution-NoDerivs]. The license is viable for all [http://www.uniprot.org/help/license copyrightable parts] of Uniprot's database.
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#United_Kingdom|United Kingdom Government]]===
Through [http://data.gov.uk/ data.gov.uk], the United Kingdom has made available a growing number of government datasets (currently at 5,400) under [http://data.gov.uk/terms-and-conditions terms that are interoperable] with the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC Attribution license]. This portal includes all affiliated websites such as the [http://www.ordinancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/opendata/licence/ Ordinance Survey's] maps.

Data and CC licenses

2011-03-02T19:48:30Z

Matt: /* Data and CC license use cases */

Where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable. Read more about this [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 here].

==Data and CC license use cases==
This is a list of uses of CC licenses for data. For uses of the [[CC0]] public domain dedication for data, see [[CC0 use for data]].

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Australia|Australia Federal Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics|?Image Header|link=none}}
Three of the largest sources of Australian federal government data sets — [[Case_Studies/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics|Australian Bureau of Statistics]] (ABS), [http://www.ga.gov.au/ Geoscience Australia] and the still beta
[http://data.australia.gov.au/ data.australia.gov.au] — are all licensed by default under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/ CC Attribution]. Together these sites provide free access to all of Australia's census data, official geoscientific information and knowledge, and other miscellaneous government data (such as the location of public toilets). The [http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/D3310114.nsf/Home/%C2%A9+Copyright?opendocument#from-banner=GB ABS] and [http://www.ga.gov.au/copyright.jsp Geoscience Australia] have detailed copyright and attribution guidelines to assist with user implementation. data.australia.gov.au played a major role in the [http://mashupaustralia.org/ Mashup Australia] competition run by Australia's [http://gov2.net.au/ Government 2.0 Taskforce]. Results from the contest (over 50 datasets) were released on data.australia.gov.au.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Government_Information_Licensing_Framework|Australia Queensland State Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Government_Information_Licensing_Framework|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://pan.search.qld.gov.au/search/search.cgi?collection=qld-gov&profile=oesr&num_ranks=10&tiers=off&query=creative+commons Various data] in the Australian state of Queensland's Office of Economic and Statistical Research are licensed under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/ CC Attribution]. The Queensland Government Information Licensing Framework (GILF) seeks to create and implement a new standardized CC licensing arrangement for all Queensland Government information.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/DBpedia|DBpedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/DBpedia|?Image Header|link=none}}
DBpedia is a community organized effort to extract structured data from Wikipedia and make it available on the web so that it can be queried and linked to other datasets. DBpedia currently describes 3.5 million things, and is available for [http://wiki.dbpedia.org/Downloads36 download] under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ CC Attribution-ShareAlike].
</div>

=== [[Case_Studies/Freebase|Freebase]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Freebase|?Image Header|link=none}}
Freebase is a collaborative project that imports structured data from a [http://wiki.freebase.com/wiki/Data_source variety of sources] on the web, including Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, and the Stanford University Library. Freebase currently contains information about 20 million topics, or entities, and its data is available for reuse under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ CC Attribution].
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Greece|Greece Government]]===
Greece has opened up its geospatial data by implementing CC on [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/ geodata.gov.gr/geodata]. The data is available under CC Attribution or CC Attribution-ShareAlike [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2&Itemid=6#how according to the type of data]. Greek geodata is also available at [http://opengeodata.gr opengeodata.gr] [http://www.opengeodata.gr/?p=261 under CC Attribution-ShareAlike], an implementation of the [http://www.inspire-geoportal.eu/index.cfm INSPIRE] directive.

=== [[Case_Studies/MusicBrainz|MusicBrainz]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MusicBrainz|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://musicbrainz.org/ MusicBrainz] is a user-maintained database of information about artists and their music, including title, artist, release date, format, and other data. The data on MusicBrainz is available as public domain material free to be reused without restrictions or under the CC Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike. The distinctions between types of data are explained [http://musicbrainz.org/doc/MusicBrainz_License here].
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#New_Zealand|New Zealand Government]]===
New Zealand's [http://www.mfe.govt.nz/issues/climate/lucas/data/land-use-mapping.html Ministry for the Environment’s Land Cover Database and the Land Environments New Zealand classification] was released under a [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nz CC Attribution license] on the [http://koordinates.com/ Koordinates] website. More info is available at [http://www.creativecommons.org.nz/news_and_events/news/koordinates_showcases_govt_cc_datasets CC New Zealand].

=== [[Case_Studies/OpenStreetMap|OpenStreetMap]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenStreetMap|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] is a user-generated map of the world, amassing geodata collaboratively from around the globe. Its dataset is available under CC Attribution-ShareAlike. After the earthquake in Haiti, OpenStreetMap found an [http://crisiscommons.org/Haiti-Open-Street-Map immediate niche] to fill, launching their [http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/WikiProject_Haiti Project Haiti page] in an effort to map out what was, at the time, a largely incomplete geographical picture, helping those on the ground in Haiti get to where they needed to be with greater accuracy.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Powerhouse_Museum,_Sydney|Powerhouse Museum]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Powerhouse_Museum,_Sydney|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.powerhousemuseum.com Powerhouse Museum] - releases a large range of material under CC, including its [http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/imageservices/ photo of the day], [http://play.powerhousemuseum.com/ downloadable pdfs] from its Play program and the museum's general [http://www.creativecommons.org.au/node/225 collection information and data].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Data Euskadi|Spain (Basque) Government - Open Data Euskadi]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Data Euskadi|?Image Header|link=none}}
In 2009, the Basque government opened up its data via the portal [http://opendata.euskadi.net/ Open Data Euskadi], licensing all of its public data under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ CC Attribution]. The Basque government listed as its reasoning for opening data, to "generate value and wealth," "create transparency," and "facilitate interoperability between administrations." The government especially encourages reuse of its data by the private sector, other public administrations, and stakeholders to promote transparency in government.
</div>

=== [[Case_Studies/Uniprot|Uniprot]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Uniprot|?Image Header|link=none}}
Uniprot, the world’s most comprehensive catalog of information on proteins, is available for reuse under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ CC Attribution-NoDerivs]. The license is viable for all [http://www.uniprot.org/help/license copyrightable parts] of Uniprot's database.
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#United_Kingdom|United Kingdom Government]]===
Through [http://data.gov.uk/ data.gov.uk], the United Kingdom has made available a growing number of government datasets (currently at 5,400) under [http://data.gov.uk/terms-and-conditions terms that are interoperable] with the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC Attribution license]. This portal includes all affiliated websites such as the [http://www.ordinancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/opendata/licence/ Ordinance Survey's] maps.

Data and CC licenses

2011-03-02T19:48:01Z

Matt:

Where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable. Read more about this [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 here].

==Data and CC license use cases==
This is a list of uses of CC ''licenses'' for data. For uses of the [[CC0]] public domain dedication for data, see [[CC0 use for data]].

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Australia|Australia Federal Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics|?Image Header|link=none}}
Three of the largest sources of Australian federal government data sets — [[Case_Studies/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics|Australian Bureau of Statistics]] (ABS), [http://www.ga.gov.au/ Geoscience Australia] and the still beta
[http://data.australia.gov.au/ data.australia.gov.au] — are all licensed by default under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/ CC Attribution]. Together these sites provide free access to all of Australia's census data, official geoscientific information and knowledge, and other miscellaneous government data (such as the location of public toilets). The [http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/D3310114.nsf/Home/%C2%A9+Copyright?opendocument#from-banner=GB ABS] and [http://www.ga.gov.au/copyright.jsp Geoscience Australia] have detailed copyright and attribution guidelines to assist with user implementation. data.australia.gov.au played a major role in the [http://mashupaustralia.org/ Mashup Australia] competition run by Australia's [http://gov2.net.au/ Government 2.0 Taskforce]. Results from the contest (over 50 datasets) were released on data.australia.gov.au.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Government_Information_Licensing_Framework|Australia Queensland State Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Government_Information_Licensing_Framework|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://pan.search.qld.gov.au/search/search.cgi?collection=qld-gov&profile=oesr&num_ranks=10&tiers=off&query=creative+commons Various data] in the Australian state of Queensland's Office of Economic and Statistical Research are licensed under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/ CC Attribution]. The Queensland Government Information Licensing Framework (GILF) seeks to create and implement a new standardized CC licensing arrangement for all Queensland Government information.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/DBpedia|DBpedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/DBpedia|?Image Header|link=none}}
DBpedia is a community organized effort to extract structured data from Wikipedia and make it available on the web so that it can be queried and linked to other datasets. DBpedia currently describes 3.5 million things, and is available for [http://wiki.dbpedia.org/Downloads36 download] under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ CC Attribution-ShareAlike].
</div>

=== [[Case_Studies/Freebase|Freebase]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Freebase|?Image Header|link=none}}
Freebase is a collaborative project that imports structured data from a [http://wiki.freebase.com/wiki/Data_source variety of sources] on the web, including Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, and the Stanford University Library. Freebase currently contains information about 20 million topics, or entities, and its data is available for reuse under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ CC Attribution].
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Greece|Greece Government]]===
Greece has opened up its geospatial data by implementing CC on [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/ geodata.gov.gr/geodata]. The data is available under CC Attribution or CC Attribution-ShareAlike [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2&Itemid=6#how according to the type of data]. Greek geodata is also available at [http://opengeodata.gr opengeodata.gr] [http://www.opengeodata.gr/?p=261 under CC Attribution-ShareAlike], an implementation of the [http://www.inspire-geoportal.eu/index.cfm INSPIRE] directive.

=== [[Case_Studies/MusicBrainz|MusicBrainz]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MusicBrainz|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://musicbrainz.org/ MusicBrainz] is a user-maintained database of information about artists and their music, including title, artist, release date, format, and other data. The data on MusicBrainz is available as public domain material free to be reused without restrictions or under the CC Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike. The distinctions between types of data are explained [http://musicbrainz.org/doc/MusicBrainz_License here].
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#New_Zealand|New Zealand Government]]===
New Zealand's [http://www.mfe.govt.nz/issues/climate/lucas/data/land-use-mapping.html Ministry for the Environment’s Land Cover Database and the Land Environments New Zealand classification] was released under a [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nz CC Attribution license] on the [http://koordinates.com/ Koordinates] website. More info is available at [http://www.creativecommons.org.nz/news_and_events/news/koordinates_showcases_govt_cc_datasets CC New Zealand].

=== [[Case_Studies/OpenStreetMap|OpenStreetMap]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenStreetMap|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] is a user-generated map of the world, amassing geodata collaboratively from around the globe. Its dataset is available under CC Attribution-ShareAlike. After the earthquake in Haiti, OpenStreetMap found an [http://crisiscommons.org/Haiti-Open-Street-Map immediate niche] to fill, launching their [http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/WikiProject_Haiti Project Haiti page] in an effort to map out what was, at the time, a largely incomplete geographical picture, helping those on the ground in Haiti get to where they needed to be with greater accuracy.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Powerhouse_Museum,_Sydney|Powerhouse Museum]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Powerhouse_Museum,_Sydney|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.powerhousemuseum.com Powerhouse Museum] - releases a large range of material under CC, including its [http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/imageservices/ photo of the day], [http://play.powerhousemuseum.com/ downloadable pdfs] from its Play program and the museum's general [http://www.creativecommons.org.au/node/225 collection information and data].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Data Euskadi|Spain (Basque) Government - Open Data Euskadi]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Data Euskadi|?Image Header|link=none}}
In 2009, the Basque government opened up its data via the portal [http://opendata.euskadi.net/ Open Data Euskadi], licensing all of its public data under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ CC Attribution]. The Basque government listed as its reasoning for opening data, to "generate value and wealth," "create transparency," and "facilitate interoperability between administrations." The government especially encourages reuse of its data by the private sector, other public administrations, and stakeholders to promote transparency in government.
</div>

=== [[Case_Studies/Uniprot|Uniprot]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Uniprot|?Image Header|link=none}}
Uniprot, the world’s most comprehensive catalog of information on proteins, is available for reuse under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ CC Attribution-NoDerivs]. The license is viable for all [http://www.uniprot.org/help/license copyrightable parts] of Uniprot's database.
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#United_Kingdom|United Kingdom Government]]===
Through [http://data.gov.uk/ data.gov.uk], the United Kingdom has made available a growing number of government datasets (currently at 5,400) under [http://data.gov.uk/terms-and-conditions terms that are interoperable] with the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC Attribution license]. This portal includes all affiliated websites such as the [http://www.ordinancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/opendata/licence/ Ordinance Survey's] maps.

Data and CC licenses

2011-03-02T19:46:59Z

Matt:

We do recommend [[CC0]] for scientific data (and we’re thrilled to see CC0 used in other domains, for any content and data, wherever the rights holder wants to make clear such is in the public domain worldwide, to the extent that is possible). However, where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable. Read more about this [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 here].

==Data and CC license use cases==
This is a list of uses of CC ''licenses'' for data. For uses of the [[CC0]] public domain dedication for data, see [[CC0 use for data]].

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Australia|Australia Federal Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics|?Image Header|link=none}}
Three of the largest sources of Australian federal government data sets — [[Case_Studies/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics|Australian Bureau of Statistics]] (ABS), [http://www.ga.gov.au/ Geoscience Australia] and the still beta
[http://data.australia.gov.au/ data.australia.gov.au] — are all licensed by default under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/ CC Attribution]. Together these sites provide free access to all of Australia's census data, official geoscientific information and knowledge, and other miscellaneous government data (such as the location of public toilets). The [http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/D3310114.nsf/Home/%C2%A9+Copyright?opendocument#from-banner=GB ABS] and [http://www.ga.gov.au/copyright.jsp Geoscience Australia] have detailed copyright and attribution guidelines to assist with user implementation. data.australia.gov.au played a major role in the [http://mashupaustralia.org/ Mashup Australia] competition run by Australia's [http://gov2.net.au/ Government 2.0 Taskforce]. Results from the contest (over 50 datasets) were released on data.australia.gov.au.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Government_Information_Licensing_Framework|Australia Queensland State Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Government_Information_Licensing_Framework|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://pan.search.qld.gov.au/search/search.cgi?collection=qld-gov&profile=oesr&num_ranks=10&tiers=off&query=creative+commons Various data] in the Australian state of Queensland's Office of Economic and Statistical Research are licensed under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/ CC Attribution]. The Queensland Government Information Licensing Framework (GILF) seeks to create and implement a new standardized CC licensing arrangement for all Queensland Government information.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/DBpedia|DBpedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/DBpedia|?Image Header|link=none}}
DBpedia is a community organized effort to extract structured data from Wikipedia and make it available on the web so that it can be queried and linked to other datasets. DBpedia currently describes 3.5 million things, and is available for [http://wiki.dbpedia.org/Downloads36 download] under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ CC Attribution-ShareAlike].
</div>

=== [[Case_Studies/Freebase|Freebase]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Freebase|?Image Header|link=none}}
Freebase is a collaborative project that imports structured data from a [http://wiki.freebase.com/wiki/Data_source variety of sources] on the web, including Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, and the Stanford University Library. Freebase currently contains information about 20 million topics, or entities, and its data is available for reuse under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ CC Attribution].
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#Greece|Greece Government]]===
Greece has opened up its geospatial data by implementing CC on [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/ geodata.gov.gr/geodata]. The data is available under CC Attribution or CC Attribution-ShareAlike [http://geodata.gov.gr/geodata/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2&Itemid=6#how according to the type of data]. Greek geodata is also available at [http://opengeodata.gr opengeodata.gr] [http://www.opengeodata.gr/?p=261 under CC Attribution-ShareAlike], an implementation of the [http://www.inspire-geoportal.eu/index.cfm INSPIRE] directive.

=== [[Case_Studies/MusicBrainz|MusicBrainz]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MusicBrainz|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://musicbrainz.org/ MusicBrainz] is a user-maintained database of information about artists and their music, including title, artist, release date, format, and other data. The data on MusicBrainz is available as public domain material free to be reused without restrictions or under the CC Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike. The distinctions between types of data are explained [http://musicbrainz.org/doc/MusicBrainz_License here].
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#New_Zealand|New Zealand Government]]===
New Zealand's [http://www.mfe.govt.nz/issues/climate/lucas/data/land-use-mapping.html Ministry for the Environment’s Land Cover Database and the Land Environments New Zealand classification] was released under a [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/nz CC Attribution license] on the [http://koordinates.com/ Koordinates] website. More info is available at [http://www.creativecommons.org.nz/news_and_events/news/koordinates_showcases_govt_cc_datasets CC New Zealand].

=== [[Case_Studies/OpenStreetMap|OpenStreetMap]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenStreetMap|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.openstreetmap.org/ OpenStreetMap] is a user-generated map of the world, amassing geodata collaboratively from around the globe. Its dataset is available under CC Attribution-ShareAlike. After the earthquake in Haiti, OpenStreetMap found an [http://crisiscommons.org/Haiti-Open-Street-Map immediate niche] to fill, launching their [http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/WikiProject_Haiti Project Haiti page] in an effort to map out what was, at the time, a largely incomplete geographical picture, helping those on the ground in Haiti get to where they needed to be with greater accuracy.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Powerhouse_Museum,_Sydney|Powerhouse Museum]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Powerhouse_Museum,_Sydney|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.powerhousemuseum.com Powerhouse Museum] - releases a large range of material under CC, including its [http://www.powerhousemuseum.com/imageservices/ photo of the day], [http://play.powerhousemuseum.com/ downloadable pdfs] from its Play program and the museum's general [http://www.creativecommons.org.au/node/225 collection information and data].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Data Euskadi|Spain (Basque) Government - Open Data Euskadi]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Data Euskadi|?Image Header|link=none}}
In 2009, the Basque government opened up its data via the portal [http://opendata.euskadi.net/ Open Data Euskadi], licensing all of its public data under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ CC Attribution]. The Basque government listed as its reasoning for opening data, to "generate value and wealth," "create transparency," and "facilitate interoperability between administrations." The government especially encourages reuse of its data by the private sector, other public administrations, and stakeholders to promote transparency in government.
</div>

=== [[Case_Studies/Uniprot|Uniprot]] ===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Uniprot|?Image Header|link=none}}
Uniprot, the world’s most comprehensive catalog of information on proteins, is available for reuse under [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/ CC Attribution-NoDerivs]. The license is viable for all [http://www.uniprot.org/help/license copyrightable parts] of Uniprot's database.
</div>

===[[Government_use_of_Creative_Commons#United_Kingdom|United Kingdom Government]]===
Through [http://data.gov.uk/ data.gov.uk], the United Kingdom has made available a growing number of government datasets (currently at 5,400) under [http://data.gov.uk/terms-and-conditions terms that are interoperable] with the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ CC Attribution license]. This portal includes all affiliated websites such as the [http://www.ordinancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/opendata/licence/ Ordinance Survey's] maps.

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T19:45:43Z

Matt: /* CC0 use cases */

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 can be particularly important for the sharing of data and databases, since it otherwise may be unclear whether highly factual data and databases are restricted by copyright or other rights. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. However, the copyright laws of many jurisdictions cover creatively selected or arranged compilations of facts and creative database design and structure, and some jurisdictions like those in the European Union have enacted additional sui generis laws that restrict uses of databases without regard for applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database rights, so that however data and databases are restricted (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. CC0 is also [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to scientific data]. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
This is a list of uses of CC0 for data and databases. For uses of CC licenses, see [http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Data_and_CC_licenses Data and CC Licenses].

===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has surrendered all copyrights to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Dryad|?Image Header|link=none}}
Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is released under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, surrendering all copyrights via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|?Image Header|link=none}}
The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|?Image Header|link=none}}
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain dedication for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MichiganView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has surrendered all copyrights to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain dedication, the government surrendered all copyrights in site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are surrendered via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenEI|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenJurist|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 public domain dedication as the default uploading option for users.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain dedication as an option for surrendering copyright in data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/University of Michigan Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyright in its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/WisconsinView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has surrendered all copyrights in its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
</div>

==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

[[Category:CC0]]

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T19:45:21Z

Matt:

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 can be particularly important for the sharing of data and databases, since it otherwise may be unclear whether highly factual data and databases are restricted by copyright or other rights. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. However, the copyright laws of many jurisdictions cover creatively selected or arranged compilations of facts and creative database design and structure, and some jurisdictions like those in the European Union have enacted additional sui generis laws that restrict uses of databases without regard for applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database rights, so that however data and databases are restricted (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. CC0 is also [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to scientific data]. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has surrendered all copyrights to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Dryad|?Image Header|link=none}}
Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is released under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, surrendering all copyrights via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|?Image Header|link=none}}
The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|?Image Header|link=none}}
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain dedication for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MichiganView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has surrendered all copyrights to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain dedication, the government surrendered all copyrights in site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are surrendered via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenEI|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenJurist|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 public domain dedication as the default uploading option for users.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain dedication as an option for surrendering copyright in data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/University of Michigan Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyright in its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/WisconsinView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has surrendered all copyrights in its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
</div>

==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

[[Category:CC0]]

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T19:44:45Z

Matt:

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

This is a list of uses of CC0 for data and databases. For uses of CC licenses, see [http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Data_and_CC_licenses Data and CC Licenses].
[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 can be particularly important for the sharing of data and databases, since it otherwise may be unclear whether highly factual data and databases are restricted by copyright or other rights. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. However, the copyright laws of many jurisdictions cover creatively selected or arranged compilations of facts and creative database design and structure, and some jurisdictions like those in the European Union have enacted additional sui generis laws that restrict uses of databases without regard for applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database rights, so that however data and databases are restricted (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. CC0 is also [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to scientific data]. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has surrendered all copyrights to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Dryad|?Image Header|link=none}}
Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is released under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, surrendering all copyrights via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|?Image Header|link=none}}
The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|?Image Header|link=none}}
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain dedication for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MichiganView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has surrendered all copyrights to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain dedication, the government surrendered all copyrights in site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are surrendered via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenEI|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenJurist|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 public domain dedication as the default uploading option for users.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain dedication as an option for surrendering copyright in data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/University of Michigan Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyright in its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/WisconsinView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has surrendered all copyrights in its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
</div>

==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

[[Category:CC0]]

Data

2011-03-02T19:08:24Z

Matt: /* CC Licenses and use with data and databases */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Copyright applies to fixed, creative expression regardless of medium, so copyright may restrict uses of data and databases. Purely factual or unoriginal material is not covered by copyright and related restrictions, though the extent to which compilations of facts may be restricted varies considerably across jurisdictions. Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data.

You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

==[[Uses of CC Licenses with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC licenses for data. Though we do recommend [[CC0]] for scientific data (and we’re thrilled to see CC0 used in other domains, for any content and data), where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable.

Data

2011-03-02T19:08:05Z

Matt: /* CC0 Use with Data and Databases */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Copyright applies to fixed, creative expression regardless of medium, so copyright may restrict uses of data and databases. Purely factual or unoriginal material is not covered by copyright and related restrictions, though the extent to which compilations of facts may be restricted varies considerably across jurisdictions. Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data.

You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[Uses of CC0 with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

==[[CC Licenses and use with data and databases]]==
A list of uses of CC licenses for data. Though we do recommend [[CC0]] for scientific data (and we’re thrilled to see CC0 used in other domains, for any content and data), where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable.

Data

2011-03-02T19:07:32Z

Matt: /* CC0 use for data and databases */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Copyright applies to fixed, creative expression regardless of medium, so copyright may restrict uses of data and databases. Purely factual or unoriginal material is not covered by copyright and related restrictions, though the extent to which compilations of facts may be restricted varies considerably across jurisdictions. Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data.

You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[CC0 Use with Data and Databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

==[[CC Licenses and use with data and databases]]==
A list of uses of CC licenses for data. Though we do recommend [[CC0]] for scientific data (and we’re thrilled to see CC0 used in other domains, for any content and data), where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable.

Data

2011-03-02T19:07:02Z

Matt: /* Data and CC licenses */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Copyright applies to fixed, creative expression regardless of medium, so copyright may restrict uses of data and databases. Purely factual or unoriginal material is not covered by copyright and related restrictions, though the extent to which compilations of facts may be restricted varies considerably across jurisdictions. Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data.

You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[CC0 use for data and databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

==[[CC Licenses and use with data and databases]]==
A list of uses of CC licenses for data. Though we do recommend [[CC0]] for scientific data (and we’re thrilled to see CC0 used in other domains, for any content and data), where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable.

Data

2011-03-02T19:06:11Z

Matt: /* CC0 use for data */

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Copyright applies to fixed, creative expression regardless of medium, so copyright may restrict uses of data and databases. Purely factual or unoriginal material is not covered by copyright and related restrictions, though the extent to which compilations of facts may be restricted varies considerably across jurisdictions. Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data.

You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[CC0 use for data and databases]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

==[[Data and CC licenses]]==
A list of uses of CC licenses for data. Though we do recommend [[CC0]] for scientific data (and we’re thrilled to see CC0 used in other domains, for any content and data), where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable.

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T19:03:14Z

Matt:

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 can be particularly important for the sharing of data and databases, since it otherwise may be unclear whether highly factual data and databases are restricted by copyright or other rights. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. However, the copyright laws of many jurisdictions cover creatively selected or arranged compilations of facts and creative database design and structure, and some jurisdictions like those in the European Union have enacted additional sui generis laws that restrict uses of databases without regard for applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database rights, so that however data and databases are restricted (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. CC0 is also [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to scientific data]. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has surrendered all copyrights to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Dryad|?Image Header|link=none}}
Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is released under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, surrendering all copyrights via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|?Image Header|link=none}}
The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|?Image Header|link=none}}
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain dedication for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MichiganView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has surrendered all copyrights to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain dedication, the government surrendered all copyrights in site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are surrendered via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenEI|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenJurist|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 public domain dedication as the default uploading option for users.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain dedication as an option for surrendering copyright in data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/University of Michigan Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyright in its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/WisconsinView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has surrendered all copyrights in its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
</div>

==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

[[Category:CC0]]

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T19:01:32Z

Matt:

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 can be particularly important for the sharing of data and databases, since it otherwise may be unclear whether highly factual data and databases are restricted by copyright or other rights.[http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data]. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. However, the copyright laws of many jurisdictions cover creatively selected or arranged compilations of facts and creative database design and structure, and some jurisdictions like those in the European Union have enacted additional sui generis laws that restrict uses of databases without regard for applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database rights, so that however data and databases are restricted (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has surrendered all copyrights to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Dryad|?Image Header|link=none}}
Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is released under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, surrendering all copyrights via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|?Image Header|link=none}}
The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|?Image Header|link=none}}
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain dedication for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MichiganView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has surrendered all copyrights to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain dedication, the government surrendered all copyrights in site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are surrendered via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenEI|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenJurist|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 public domain dedication as the default uploading option for users.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain dedication as an option for surrendering copyright in data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/University of Michigan Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyright in its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/WisconsinView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has surrendered all copyrights in its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
</div>

==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

[[Category:CC0]]

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T18:45:10Z

Matt:

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data]. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. However, the copyright laws of many jurisdictions cover creatively selected or arranged compilations of facts and creative database design and structure, and some jurisdictions like those in the European Union have enacted additional sui generis laws that restrict uses of databases without regard for applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database rights, so that however data and databases are restricted (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has surrendered all copyrights to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Dryad|?Image Header|link=none}}
Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is released under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, surrendering all copyrights via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|?Image Header|link=none}}
The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|?Image Header|link=none}}
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain dedication for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MichiganView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has surrendered all copyrights to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain dedication, the government surrendered all copyrights in site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are surrendered via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenEI|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenJurist|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 public domain dedication as the default uploading option for users.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain dedication as an option for surrendering copyright in data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/University of Michigan Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyright in its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/WisconsinView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has surrendered all copyrights in its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
</div>

==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

[[Category:CC0]]

Data

2011-03-02T18:33:09Z

Matt:

Much of the potential value of data is to society at large — more data has the potential to facilitate enhanced scientific collaboration and reproducibility, more efficient markets, increased government and corporate transparency, and overall to speed discovery and understanding of solutions to planetary and societal needs.

A big part of the potential value of data, in particular its society-wide value, is realized by use across organizational boundaries. How does this occur (legally)? Copyright applies to fixed, creative expression regardless of medium, so copyright may restrict uses of data and databases. Purely factual or unoriginal material is not covered by copyright and related restrictions, though the extent to which compilations of facts may be restricted varies considerably across jurisdictions. Many sites give narrow permission to use data via terms of service. Much ad hoc data sharing occurs among researchers. And increasingly, open data is facilitated by sharing under public terms, e.g. [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ CC licenses] or the [[CC0]] public domain dedication.

Below are links to case studies of organizations, institutions, and governments using CC tools for data.

You can also read more about [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/26283 Creative Commons' most up-to-date thinking on data and databases], and what you can do to contribute.

==[[CC0 use for data]]==
A list of uses of CC0 for data. [[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data].

==[[Data and CC licenses]]==
A list of uses of CC licenses for data. Though we do recommend [[CC0]] for scientific data (and we’re thrilled to see CC0 used in other domains, for any content and data), where CC0 is not desired for whatever reason (business requirements, community wishes, institutional policy…) CC licenses can and should be used for data and databases — with the important caveat that CC 3.0 license conditions do not extend to “protect” a database that is otherwise uncopyrightable.

Facebook Application

2011-03-02T01:40:16Z

Matt: /* Suggested Features */

[[File:Creative Commons License Application on Facebook.png|right]]
=About=
The Creative Commons License application allows users to choose one of the six Creative Commons licenses to apply to the content they upload to Facebook.

This application was developed by [[User:Fred Benenson]] for Creative Commons.
*[http://www.facebook.com/editapps.php#/apps/application.php?id=78186376044 Creative Commons License Application on Facebook]
=Install=
*[http://apps.facebook.com/creativecommons/ Install the Application here].
=Features=
*License chooser modeled on [http://creativecommons.org/license Creative Commons']
*Choose either photos, video, or profile text & Status updates
*[[RDFa]] expression of Author, Title, license.
=Known Issues=
*Licensing only works on a per-profile basis.
*Only allows one license-per-profile
**Photos could be licensed one way, text another, videos another, etc.
=Bugs=
*Adds News Feed update before badge is selected (if users decide to go back and change license, then wrong status update is sent).

=Suggested Features=
*CC Zero public domain dedication support.
*More thorough popup w/ CC license descriptions.
*Translation & choice of localized license
*"Other" textfield to allow variable content types.
*CC Network integration
*Search users content who have chosen a CC license.

=Code=
*[http://code.creativecommons.org/viewgit/cc_license_facebook_app.git/ Git Repository]

Grantors

2011-03-02T01:37:52Z

Matt:

=insert whatever doc for grantors=
=Existing Funder Policies=
==Governments==
Many governments have implemented CC licenses and tools, such as the CC0 public domain dedication, into their policies for the release of public sector information, educational materials, scientific articles and geographic data, and other culturally relevant content. See the current scratchpad for known [http://wiki.creativecommons.org/Government_use_of_Creative_Commons government uses of CC on our wiki], in addition to a government landing page at http://creativecommons.org/government.

==Foundations==
Some foundations have developed extensive open licensing policies for grant recipients, while others encourage the use of open licenses. Harvard University's Berkman Center for Internet & Society completed an [http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/publications/2009/Open_Content_Licensing_for_Foundations An Evaluation of Private Foundation Copyright Licensing Policies, Practices and Opportunities] that examine the open licensing policies of the foundations below.

===The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation===
The William and Flora Hewlett Foundation's [http://www.hewlett.org/programs/education-program/open-educational-resources Open Educational Resources Program] requires the use of Creative Commons licensing.

:"In every grant where Foundation resources are used to create products, agreement about the licensing of these products must be made explicit in the grant application. Products include but are not limited to reports, papers, publications, content, and software. If you are developing content or producing articles, reports, white papers, or other written materials, please identify which of the Creative Commons licenses you will use to license the content. We strongly prefer Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ for more information."

===The John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation===
The [http://www.macfound.org/site/c.lkLXJ8MQKrH/b.4804425/ MacArthur Foundation’s Intellectual Property Policy] encourages openness generally via Creative Commons licensing.

:"The Foundation encourages openness in research and freedom of access to underlying data by persons with a serious interest in the research. Grantees are also encouraged to explore opportunities to use existing and emerging internet distribution models and, when appropriate, open access journals, Creative Commons license or similar mechanisms that result in broad access for the interested field and public."

For some programs, open licensing is [http://www.dmlcompetition.net/terms_and_conditions.php required], such as for grant output of MacArthur’s Digital
Media and Learning competition.

:"Copyright in the products produced as a result of the award shall remain with the successful Applicant subject to the terms of the Competition. Each Applicant must agree, however, that if it receives an award it will license the use of the product in accordance with a Creative Commons License (Creative Commons Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike) or be Open Source."

===The Shuttleworth Foundation===
The [http://www.shuttleworthfoundation.org/about-us/our-philosophy/open-resources-policy Shuttleworth Foundation's policy] is the most aggressive in its requirement for open licensing. The Foundation maintains a specific page on their website that describes their Open Resources Policy.

:"The Foundation is committed to opening intellectual resources created or co-created by the Foundation, in Foundation projects or with Foundation funds (Foundation resources). Intellectual resources include software, project reports, manuals, research results and the like which are ready to be communicated to the public. Foundation resources shall be open resources as far as reasonably possible. Resources are open resources when they are available for revision, translation, improvement and sharing under open licenses, open standards and in open formats, free of technical protection measures. All Agreements entered into by the Foundation which include the creation of resources shall ensure that the resources are open resources, and shall record how the Intellectual Property in the resources is owned and licensed. The Foundation recognizes that there are a number of legitimate reasons when resources may not be made open. When documents are not made open then they may, when suitable, be made available on an open access basis, which permits copying but does not allow any changes. Considerations of privacy, confidentiality, security and utility may preclude making certain documents or information available outside the Foundation."

:"Software created by the Foundation, in Foundation projects or with Foundation funds is released under the GNU General Public License, or other suitable Free Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) license. Copyright works, other than software, are released under appropriate open licenses; Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license (CC BY SA) or the GNU Free Documentation license (GNU FDL), or into the Public Domain...If there is sufficient justification an 'alternative license' other than Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike or the GNU FDL may be used, for example to allow the better integration of a resource into a larger resource pool."

Creative Commons provides legal and technical tools that can help foundations increase the impact and scale of the work they fund. CC licenses lower the transaction cost normally associated with having to ask for permission to use resources by granting some rights in advance. CC licenses are easy to apply and use, and flexible enough to reflect a range of project considerations. CC licensing is already in use by some foundations, and other funding organizations should strongly consider requiring Creative Commons licensing for the public output of their grantees.

Case Studies/Piemonte Regional Government

2011-03-02T01:37:23Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has launched an open data portal under the CC0 public domain dedication.
|Mainurl=http://dati.piemonte.it/
|Author=Piemonte Regional Government
|User_Status=Curator, Creator
|Tag=open data, PSI, public sector information, data, government
|License short name=CC BY, CC0
|CC adoption date=2010
|Format=Data
|Country=Italy, Europe
}}
== Overview ==
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain dedication for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions. Piemonte also has a preeminent role in the Italian Conference of Regions in this domain.

The data available on dati.piemonte.it consist of raw datasets that can be downloaded directly from the site, and also information about the data available under CC Attribution, including government news, reports, and testimonials. According to an ePSIplatform blog post, Piemonte's open data portal falls under Category 1, "Catalogues by Governments – data.gov style catalogues (with access to raw data)," on the ePSIplatform [http://www.epsiplatform.eu/psi_data_catalogues PSI Data Catalogues page].

== License Usage ==

dati.piemonte.it site content is defaulted under the [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/it/ CC BY] license. The actual data (including raw datasets), however, are released to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication. There is a "license agreement" for each dataset that, when viewed, reveals the following language:

:"Regione Piemonte autorizza la libera e gratuita consultazione, estrazione, riproduzione e modifica dei dati in essa contenuti da parte di chiunque (Licenziatario) vi abbia interesse per qualunque fine, ovvero secondo i termini della licenza Creative Commons - CC0 1.0 Universal."

In (Google) translation, it reads:

:"Regione Piemonte authorizing the free and open consultation, retrieval, playback and editing of data in it by anyone (Licensee) has interest for any purpose, or pursuant to the terms of the Creative Commons license - 1.0 Universal CC0."

== Motivations ==

The Piemonte Regional Government launched its data portal in May 2010 just after the European Commission sent a formal letter to the Italian government regarding the incorrect transposition of Directive 2003/98/EC on the re-use of public sector information (PSI). Italy [http://www.epsiplatform.eu/news/news/sweden_italy_new_psi_laws adopted new PSI legislation] in July 2010 and the Piemont region developed its own guidelines on the reuse of public data (see Media below).

The resulting Piemonte Regional Government portal is the first and currently (as of February 2011) only official regional government in Italy that has adopted a CC0 open data policy, surrendering all copyrights to the extent possible under law to the data available through dati.piemonte.it.

== Impact ==
The research initiative, Extracting Value from Public Sector Information (EVPSI), is based in and supported by the Piemonte Regional Government. EVPSI's "main objective is to maximize the benefits achievable from the access and the reuse of PSI by the end of 2011." [http://www.evpsi.org/content/about]

== Technical Details ==

'''Provide any technical details of the implementation here'''

== Media ==
'''Blog posts''':
*"[http://www.epsiplatform.eu/news/news/what_does_the_future_for_open_data_in_italy What does the Future Hold for Open Data in Italy?]" - EPSIplatform blog post that describes the Italian scenario and the Piedmont open data portal
*[http://blog.okfn.org/2010/06/14/launch-of-itckannet-for-open-data-in-italy/ Open Knowledge Foundation blog]
'''Reports''':
*[http://www.dime-eu.org/files/active/0/ODOS_report_1.pdf Open Data, Open Society a research project about openness of public data in EU local administration] (pdf)
**§ 3.6 mentions the status of open data in Italy, with specific reference to the Piedmont open data portal ([http://www.dime-eu.org/node/907 host site])
*[http://www.regione.piemonte.it/geopiemonte/documenti/dwd/2009/dgr31_11679a.pdf Piemont regional guidelines on the reuse of public data] (pdf)

Case Studies/OpenEI

2011-03-02T01:35:45Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a community-driven linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication.
|Mainurl=http://en.openei.org/
|Author=United States Department of Energy
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=open data, energy
|License short name=CC0
|CC adoption date=2010
|Format=Data
|Country=United States
|Quote=This information platform will allow people across the globe to benefit from the Department of Energy’s clean energy data and technical resources. The true potential of this tool will grow with the public’s participation – as they add new data and share their expertise – to ensure that all communities have access to the information they need to broadly deploy the clean energy resources of the future.
|Quote_Attribution=Steven Chu, U.S. Secretary of Energy [http://energy.gov/news2009/8381.htm]
|importance=High
|quality=C-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
|CC_adoption_date=2010
}}
== Overview ==

OpenEI is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models. From OpenEI:

"The Open Energy Information initiative (OpenEI) is a platform to connect the world’s energy data. It is a linked open data platform bringing together energy information to provide improved analyses, unique visualizations, and real-time access to data. OpenEI follows guidelines set by the White House’s Open Government Initiative , which is focused on transparency, collaboration, and participation. OpenEI strives to provide open access to this energy information, with the ultimate goal of spurring creativity and driving innovation in the energy sector."

== License Usage ==

All content contributed to OpenEI is released by default into the public domain under the CC0 public domain dedication. The CC0 notice is included in the site's editing interface and also at the [http://ckan.net/package/openei CKAN page].

== Motivations ==

From the U.S. Department of Energy [http://energy.gov/news2009/8381.htm press release],

"The website was launched as part of a broader effort at DOE, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, and across the Obama Administration to promote the openness, transparency, and accessibility of the federal government."

== Impact ==

== Technical Details ==
*"Download CSV" links are present on certain pages (e.g. http://en.openei.org/wiki/Map_of_Clean_Energy_Companies)
*A SPARQL endpoint for querying data (http://en.openei.org/sparql), plus a few examples of its use (http://en.openei.org/resources/)
*RDF Exports of any given page via the "browse properties" link (e.g. http://en.openei.org/wiki/Special:ExportRDF/Colorado)

OpenEI is also planning to:
*Provide a bulk download of our complete RDF (similar to how one can get complete dbpedia exports)
*Provide a better way to find various datasets (and download them in various formats, such as RDF and CSV)
*Provide a mechanism for submitting bulk datasets which is separate from, but complementary to, our Wiki)

== Media ==
*DOE press release announcing OpenEI: http://energy.gov/news2009/8381.htm
*CKAN package: http://ckan.net/package/openei
*Data sets on the site: http://en.openei.org/datasets/

Case Studies/British Library

2011-03-02T01:34:35Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=The British Library has released 3 million British National Bibliography records to the public via the CC0 public domain dedication.
|Mainurl=http://openbiblio.net/
|Author=British Library
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=library, data, CC0
|License short name=CC0
|CC adoption date=2010
|Format=Data
|Country=United Kingdom, UK: England and Wales
|Quote=We believe this vast dataset of bibliographic records – created and compiled by the British Library over many decades – has a range of applications far beyond its original purpose, its going to be exciting to find out the new uses that organisations and individuals can make of this data
|Quote_Attribution=Neil Wilson, the British Library’s Head of Metadata Services [http://pressandpolicy.bl.uk/Press-Releases/British-Library-to-share-millions-of-catalogue-records-43b.aspx]
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/c/c3/British_Library.jpg
|Image_attribution=CC BY-SA by [http://www.flickr.com/photos/stevecadman/486248719/ stevecadman]
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en
|importance=High
|quality=C-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
|CC_adoption_date=2010
}}
== Overview ==

The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. [http://www.bl.uk/bibliographic/natbib.html]. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.

The JISC OpenBibliography project has worked to make this data reusable. The dataset is available as a [http://ckan.net/package/jiscopenbib-bl_bnb-1 CKAN package]. It is has also "been loaded into a Virtuoso store that is queriable through the SPARQL Endpoint and the URIs that we have assigned each record use the ORDF software to make them dereferencable, supporting perform content auto-negotiation as well as embedding RDFa in the HTML representation." [http://openbiblio.net/2010/11/22/querying-the-british-national-bibliography/]

The data is also available for download at the Internet Archive under CC0: http://www.archive.org/details/BritishLibraryRdf.

== License Usage ==
The British Library has surrendered its copyrights to 3 million British National Bibliography records via the CC0 public domain dedication.

== Motivations ==

The JISC Open Bibliography project writes that,

<blockquote>Agreements such as these are crucial to our community, as developments in areas such as Linked Data are only beneficial when there is content on which to operate. We look forward to announcing further releases and developments, and to being part of a community dedicated to the future of open scholarship.</blockquote> [http://openbiblio.net/2010/11/17/jisc-openbibliography-british-library-data-release/]

<br/>Neil Wilson, head of the British Library's Metadata Services, says,

<blockquote>"We believe this vast dataset of bibliographic records – created and compiled by the British Library over many decades – has a range of applications far beyond its original purpose, its going to be exciting to find out the new uses that organisations and individuals can make of this data... As developments such as the semantic web create new and more effective opportunities for researchers to find, manipulate and link information, the availability of good quality data from a trusted source such as the British Library will become increasingly important."</blockquote> [http://pressandpolicy.bl.uk/Press-Releases/British-Library-to-share-millions-of-catalogue-records-43b.aspx]

== Impact ==

== Technical Details ==
*[http://openbiblio.net/2010/11/18/characterising-the-british-library-bibliographic-dataset/ Characterising the British Library Bibliographic dataset]
*[http://eris.okfn.org/ww/2010/11/bl Querying the British National Bibliography]

== Media ==
*Internet Archive link to 3 million records from the British National Bibliography dataset dedicated to the public domain via CC0: http://www.archive.org/details/BritishLibraryRdf
* CKAN link to British National Bibliography dataset: http://ckan.net/package/jiscopenbib-bl_bnb-1

Case Studies/Open Library

2011-03-02T01:33:31Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an open, online, editable catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are surrendered via CC0.
|Mainurl=http://openlibrary.org/
|User_Status=Curator
|Quote=In my mind, the best part of that decision is that it paves the way for ongoing contributions to be shared without restriction, which is a key to future data proliferation.
|Quote_Attribution=George Oats, Director of the Open Library and member of the Open Knowledge Foundation’s Working Group on Open Bibliographic Data [http://blog.okfn.org/2010/11/10/opening-up-library-records-at-the-open-library/]
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/5/52/Open_Library_logo.png
|Image_attribution=(c) by Open Library
|importance=High
|quality=C-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
}}
== Overview ==

The Open Library is an online catalog whose goal is to provide a page on the web for every book ever published. The project began in November 2007 and has been inhaling catalog records from some of the biggest libraries in the world ever since. It has well over 20 million edition records online, provides access to 1.7 million scanned versions of books, and links to external sources like WorldCat and Amazon when relevant. Open Library's secondary goal is to get the user as close to the actual document she is looking for as it can, whether that is a scanned version courtesy of the Internet Archive, or a link to Powell's where she can purchase her own copy.

Open Library also gives people a URI for a work, an edition or author or other book-ish resource that can be used as a pointer and connector for information about books; a Uniform Resource Identifier.
== License Usage ==

Open Library's catalog was created by the generous donations of libraries who dedicated their data into the public domain. All its data are available for bulk download in original form through the Internet Archive.

All user contributions to the Open Library are also dedicated to the public domain under the Creative Commons [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0 1.0] Public Domain Dedication. [http://openlibrary.org/help/faq#ownership]

== Motivations ==

== Technical Details ==
The catalog is available for [http://openlibrary.org/data bulk download] and also available through its [http://openlibrary.org/developers/api API].

== Media ==

Some of the above text adapted from Open Library's [http://openlibrary.org/help/faq FAQ].

Case Studies/Dryad

2011-03-02T01:32:34Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=Dryad is an international online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. All copyrights to Dryad data are surrendered under the CC0 public domain dedication.
|Mainurl=http://datadryad.org/
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=repository, data
|License short name=CC0
|CC adoption date=2009
|Format=Data
|Country=Global
|Quote=Dryad is a repository for data underlying scientific publications, with an initial focus on evolution, ecology, and related fields. Dryad allows investigators to validate published findings, explore new analysis methodologies, repurpose the data for research questions unanticipated by the original authors, and perform synthetic studies such as formal meta-analyses. Dryad aims to provide one-stop data deposition upon publication by interfacing with specialized repositories which are already required for publication (such as GenBank and TreeBASE). To staunch this loss, Dryad serves as a repository for tables, spreadsheets, flatfiles, and all other kinds of published data that do not currently have a home. A major design consideration with these data is to avoid placing an undue burden of metadata generation on individual researchers while at the same time capturing sufficient metadata to enable data discovery and reuse.
|Quote_Attribution=https://www.nescent.org/wg_dryad/Main_Page
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/9/91/DryadLogo.png
|Image_attribution=(c) by Dryad
|Image_license=https://www.nescent.org/wg_dryad/Logos
|importance=High
|quality=C-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
|CC_adoption_date=2009
}}
== Overview ==

Dryad is an international online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], are leading the development of the Dryad repository, all copyrights in which are surrendered under the CC0 public domain dedication.

According to the [http://datadryad.org/factSheet Dryad Fact Sheet], the main goals of Dryad are:

* "To preserve all the underlying data reported in a paper at the time of publication, when there is the greatest incentive and the ability for authors to share their data. This is particularly important in the case of data for which a specialized repository does not exist."
* "To lower the burden of data sharing by providing one-stop data-deposition via handshaking with specialized repositories."
* "To assign globally unique identifiers to datasets, thus enabling data citations."
* "To allow end-users to perform sophisticated searches over data (not only by publication, but also by taxon, geography, geological age, biological concept, etc)."
* "To allow journals and societies to pool their resources for one shared repository."
* "To enable bidirectional search and retrieval with data repositories from related disciplines."

== License Usage ==

All data deposited in Dryad is released via the [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0 public domain dedication].

However, [http://datadryad.org/using scientific norms] around citing data prevail.

== Motivations ==
excerpted from TJ Vision, [http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1525/bio.2010.60.5.2 Open Data and the Social Contract of Scientific Publishing], BioScience, May 2010, Vol. 60, No. 5, Pages 330–331.

We owe the effectiveness of the scientific enterprise in large part to the social contract under which scientists publish their findings in such a way that they may be confirmed or refuted and receive credit for their work in return. Because of the limitations of the printed page, data have been largely left out of this arrangement. We have grown accustomed to reading papers in which tables, figures, and statistics summarize the underlying data, but the data themselves are unavailable. There are exceptions, such as DNA sequences, for which there exist specialized public repositories that authors are required to use. But the vast majority of data types do not have such repositories.

Dryad (http://datadryad.org) [is] a digital repository designed specifically to enable authors to archive data upon publication and to promote the reuse of that data. The governing board of the repository is composed of representatives from a consortium of partner journals. The consortium has grown out of the original core of ecology and evolutionary biology journals that signed on to the JDAP. It currently includes more than a dozen journals, both society-owned and commercial.

One requirement for Dryad is that it be able to host any kind of orphan data. Therefore, the format and contents of the data files cannot practically be standardized, though journals are free to require minimal content standards or format conventions should they so choose, and the articles themselves provide important context for understanding the data.

A second critical requirement for Dryad is that it minimize the burden of submission for the author. To achieve this, partner journals provide Dryad with the bibliographic information for each article in advance of publication. Then, at the time of deposition, authors follow a link to a preexisting record in the Web submission system, log in, and upload their electronic files with some optional descriptive metadata and a “read me” file. To further minimize deposition burden, Dryad is developing interfaces to enable one-stop data submission for cases where some of the data belong in more specialized repositories.

Dryad promotes data citations by assigning a unique, persistent, and resolvable digital object identifier (DOI) for inclusion in the published article. This takes the form of a DataCite DOI (http://www.datacite.org). Data are dedicated to the public domain through a Creative Commons Zero Public Domain Dedication (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0), which makes the terms of reuse both clear and nonrestrictive. A statement of community norms advises scientists who reuse the data to cite both the paper and the data as separate research products. Thus, Dryad provides a positive incentive for data archiving without erecting unnecessary barriers to data reuse.

== Technical Details ==
*[https://www.nescent.org/wg_dryad/Metadata_Profile Dryad metadata format]
*[https://www.nescent.org/wg_dryad/Main_Page Dryad Development Wiki]

== Media ==
[http://blog.datadryad.org/ Dryad News and Views]

Case Studies/Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons

2011-03-02T01:29:52Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=Sage Commons is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research.
|Mainurl=http://sagebase.org/commons/
|Author=Sage Bionetworks
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=biology, biological network models, disease
|License short name=CC BY
|Format=Data
|Country=United States
|Quote=Our goal is ambitious. We want to take biology from a place where enclosure and privacy are the norm, where biologists see themselves as lone hunter-gatherers working to get papers written, to one where the knowledge is created specifically to fit into an open model where it can be openly queried and transformed.
|Quote_Attribution=Stephen Friend, President/CEO/Co-founder of Sage Bionetworks (http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/19646)
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/4/43/Sage_bionetworks_logo.jpg
|Image_attribution=Sage Bionetworks
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
|importance=High
|quality=B-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
}}
== Overview ==

Sage Bionetworks is a non-profit medical research organization. Sage Bionetworks is building Sage Commons, a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions. The purpose of the Commons will be "to share research and development of biological network models and their application to human disease and biology. It will consist of very large network datasets, tools and models organized within conventions governing user participation."

== License Usage ==

Sagebase.org content is defaulted under CC BY. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain dedication as an option for surrendering copyright in data hosted in the network.

The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.

== Motivations ==
From the [http://sagebase.org/commons/background.php project background]:

<blockquote>"Genomic innovation is enabled at its root by the public domain nature of the raw sequences. Human disease biology is a result of the interplay of regulatory models and the perturbations rather than cumulative linear data arrays. We believe that the best way to evolve necessarily crude initial models is to have them nurtured by a contributor network that will evolve into an engine of human disease model building. Sage and its partners are not government agencies and thus their work does not fall de facto into the public domain or into government-funded databases and repositories.

<br/><br/>We have created the Sage organization to serve as the steward of the data and associated systems. The data will be accessible and usable by scientists worldwide interested in understanding disease because we are placing all the Sage resources into a digital commons."</blockquote>

== Media ==

Case Studies/GlaxoSmithKline

2011-03-02T01:28:55Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=GlaxoSmithKline is a major pharmaceutical company that has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
|Mainurl=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset
|Author=ChEMBL-NTD, GlaxoSmithKline
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=GSK, GlaxoSmithKline, malaria, disease
|Format=Data
|Country=United Kingdom
|Quote=Providing access to this level of information sees GSK set what I would hope to be a new trend that could revolutionise the urgent search for new medicines to tackle malaria. By sharing data, we start to build up a public database of knowledge that should be as powerful as the human genome databases.
|Quote_Attribution=Timothy Wells, Chief Scientific Officer of the Medicines for Malaria Venture (http://www.gsk.com/responsibility/access/rnd-neglected-tropical-diseases.htm)
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/0/04/Logo-gsk.gif
|Image_attribution=(c) GSK
|Image_license=http://www.gsk.com/terms.htm
|importance=High
|quality=B-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
}}
== Overview ==
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, GlaxoSmithKline has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria. The data set is called Tres Cantos Antimalarial (TCAMS), and is available from the ChEMBL-NTD database, "a repository for Open Access primary screening and medicinal chemistry data directed at neglected diseases - endemic tropical diseases of the developing regions of the Africa, Asia, and the Americas."

== License Usage ==

GlaxoSmithKline has surrendered all copyright in its malaria data set under the CC0 public domain dedication.

== Motivations ==
From GSK's [http://www.gsk.com/responsibility/access/rnd-neglected-tropical-diseases.htm announcement]:

<blockquote>"By making this information publicly available, GSK hopes that many other scientists will review this information and analyse the data faster than we could on our own. Hopefully, this will lead to additional research that could help drive the discovery of new medicines. We would also encourage other groups, including academics and pharmaceutical companies, to make their own compounds and related information publicly available.

<br/><br/>This is essentially an example of ‘open source’ being applied to drug discovery. We know that data increases in value when connected with other data and that the more eyes looking at a problem, the more potential solutions may arise."</blockquote>

Research and development (R&D) for diseases prevalent in the developing world are costly and time-consuming and carry less return on investment than R&D for diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, which have a market in the developed world. Since malaria is a disease that primarily affects the developing world, GSK has released malarial data in order to speed the process of R&D, while providing resources that nonprofits and academic institutions don't necessarily have wide access to, such as advanced technologies, facilities for medicinal drug discovery, and manufacturing and distribution expertise. For more information, see GSK's 2009 report on [http://www.gsk.com/responsibility/access/rnd-neglected-tropical-diseases.htm R&D for neglected tropical diseases].

== Media ==
[http://www.gsk.com/media/malaria.htm GSK's commitment to fighting Malaria]

Case Studies/Talis Connected Commons

2011-03-02T01:27:36Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=Through the Talis Connected Commons, Talis offers free data hosting as long as the data is made available under the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication.
|Mainurl=http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/
|Author=Talis
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=Talis, open data
|License short name=CC BY, CC0
|Format=Data
|Country=United Kingdom
|Quote=The Talis Connected Commons scheme is intended to directly support the publishing and reuse of Linked Data in the public domain by removing the costs associated with those activities.
|Quote_Attribution=Talis
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/d/df/Talis_connected_commons_banner.jpg
|Image_attribution=Talis
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/uk/
|importance=High
|quality=C-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
}}
== Overview ==

The Talis platform normally hosts data for a fee, providing the software as a service. The Talis Connected Commons is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data by offering to host data for free as long as the data sets are dedicated to the public domain.

== License Usage ==

To qualify for free hosting, users may contribute data sets under the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication. Talis site content is also defaulted under CC BY.

== Motivations ==

From the [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/faqs/ project FAQ]:

<blockquote>"Talis is keen to foster the continued growth of the Linked Data web and the emergence of a true web of data. While many organisations are able to publish and host datasets for themselves, we believe that organisations, communities, research groups and individuals would benefit from having a low cost way to sustainably publish data onto the web. By making the Talis Platform freely available for hosting public domain data we hope to further reduce the barrier to entry for taking part in the development of the web of data."</blockquote>

== Media ==

Case Studies/Polar Information Commons

2011-03-02T01:26:53Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=The Polar Information Commons is a collaborative initiative between scientists and institutions that has established open data standards to build an open repository of polar data from the most recent International Polar Year.
|Mainurl=http://www.polarcommons.org/
|Author=Polar Information Commons
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=polar data, international polar year
|License short name=CC BY, CC0
|CC adoption date=2010
|Format=Data
|Country=Global
|Quote=In the case of the polar regions, the availability of open data has far-reaching practical implications. If data cannot be easily acquired or freely used, then scientists cannot understand or predict rapid changes in the ecosystem. They cannot provide timely, reliable information about (as the PIC website puts it) “wise use of resources, astute management of our environment, improved decision support, and effective international cooperation on natural resource and geopolitical issues.
|Quote_Attribution=David Bollier (http://onthecommons.org/polar-information-commons)
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/0/00/Pic_oslolaunch_060810.jpg
|Image_attribution=(c) Polar Information Commons
|Image_license=http://www.polarcommons.org/
|importance=High
|quality=B-Class
|License_short_name=CC BY, CC0
}}
== Overview ==

The Polar Information Commons (PIC) is an initiative working to create the technical means and social framework for better sharing of polar data, specifically starting with that from the International Polar Year. The International Polar Year was a period of international research into the polar regions that ran roughly from 2007 to 2009. PIC is funded by the International Council for Science, in addition to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO); the International Arctic Science Council, IASC; the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research, SCAR; the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, IUGG and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Science.

PIC has been working with Science Commons (the science division of Creative Commons) on creating terms of use to accompany their public domain data. The team is now moving forward with badging data with appropriate metadata for input into their system to show the benefits of free and open data on global sharing efforts.

== License Usage ==

The Polar Information Commons has enabled two options for releasing and badging data from the International Polar Year: the data can be released under the CC BY license or dedicated to the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].

== Motivations ==
From a [http://onthecommons.org/polar-information-commons post] by David Bollier:

<blockquote>"Scientific cooperation about the poles is entirely natural because it costs so much to maintain observation facilities there, yet the fruits of polar research are of great interest to the entire world. The circulatory patterns of air and water are quite distinctive at the poles, as are the Earth’s magnetic fields. Ancient glaciers hold lots of frozen samples of air and water that could yield secrets about the state of the Earth’s climate millennia ago and about contemporary climate dynamics.

<br/><br/>Unfortunately, information and data about these things are often not readily available. They tend to be scattered across countless different institutions and websites. Even when the data is identifiable, they may be embodied in incompatible data formats and locked behind university restrictions and copyrights.

<br/><br/>The Polar Information Commons (PIC) attempts to remedy this problem by establishing open data standards for scientific information related to the polar regions."</blockquote>

== Media ==
*PIC [http://nsidc.org/libre/share/picbadge_tool.html Rights Badging Tool]
*PIC [http://www.polarcommons.org/oslo-photo-gallery.php Oslo Photo Gallery]

Case Studies/Proteome Commons

2011-03-02T01:26:03Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|importance=High
|quality=B-Class
|Description=The Proteome Commons Tranche Network, a public proteomics database for annotations and other information, has enabled the CC0 public domain dedication as the default uploading option for users.
|Mainurl=https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/
|Author=Proteome Commons
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=proteomics, database, tranche
|License_short_name=CC0
|Format=Data
|Country=United States
|Quote=Our goal is to remove as many barriers to scientific data sharing as possible in order to promote new discoveries. The Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication was incorporated into our uploading options as the default in order to help achieve this goal. By giving a simple option to release data into the public domain, CC0 removes the complex barriers of licensing and restrictions. This lets researchers focus on what’s most important, their research and new discoveries.
|Quote_Attribution=Philip Andrews, University of Michigan professor
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/0/05/Proteome_commons.jpg
|Image_attribution=(c) Proteome Commons
|Image_license=https://proteomecommons.org/terms.jsp
}}
== Overview ==

The Proteome Commons Tranche Network is a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software.

== License Usage ==

The CC0 public domain dedication is enabled in the Tranche repository as the default uploading option for users.

== Motivations ==

The Proteome Commons works to lower barriers to new scientific discoveries. By enabling CC0, they encourage users to release their data into the public domain, ensuring that the data will remain open for future research.

== Media ==

Case Studies/Personal Genome Project

2011-03-02T01:25:07Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=The Personal Genome Project released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using the CC0 public domain dedication, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
|Mainurl=http://www.personalgenomes.org/
|Author=Personal Genome Project
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=human genome, personal genomics
|License short name=CC BY, CC0
|Format=Data
|Country=United States
|Quote=PersonalGenomes.org is committed to making our research data freely available to the public because we think that is the best way to promote discovery and advance science, and CC0 helps us to state that commitment in a clear and legally accurate way.
|Quote_Attribution=Jason Bobe, Director of Community
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/6/66/PGP8_thumb.jpg
|Image_attribution=Personal Genome Project
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
|importance=High
|quality=B-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
}}
== Overview ==

The Personal Genome Project is a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology that works to map the human genomes and medical records of of volunteers from around the world. So far, the project has released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.

== License Usage ==

The genomic sequences are available without copyright restrictions under the CC0 public domain dedication. All other site content is defaulted under CC BY.

== Motivations ==

Personal genomics may be useful to "advance our understanding of genetic and environmental contributions to human traits and to improve our ability to diagnose, treat, and prevent illness." Making data available under the CC0 public domain dedication ensures that the data is accessible for future research.

== Media ==
*[http://www.personalgenomes.org/public/ PGP 10 profiles]
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVZI7NBgcWM Documentary film about PGP]

Case Studies/OpenJurist

2011-03-02T01:24:21Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=OpenJurist is a public domain resource for case law in the United States.
|Mainurl=http://openjurist.org/
|Author=OpenJurist
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=case law, supreme court, federal appellate court
|Format=Text, Data
|Country=United States
|Quote=Our organization believes that because the laws of the land are in the public domain, they should be accessible by the public without restriction and especially without charge.
|Quote_Attribution=http://openjurist.org/
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/5/52/OpenJurist.jpg
|Image_attribution=(c) by OpenJurist
|Image_license=http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use
|importance=High
|quality=B-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
}}
== Overview ==

OpenJurist is a public domain resource for case law in the United States. All Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions, including "~647,000 opinions and other transactions from the United States Supreme Court, beginning with the first session in 1790; and Lower Federal Courts, as published in the Federal Reporter beginning in 1880," are available on OpenJurist.org in the public domain.

== License Usage ==

OpenJurist has officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law under the CC0 public domain dedication.

== Motivations ==

Works by the U.S. government are in the public domain, but not necessarily accessible to the public. OpenJurist has worked to rectify this by releasing Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions since the 1700s under the CC0 public domain dedication.

== Media ==

Case Studies/Public.Resource.Org

2011-03-02T01:22:54Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|importance=High
|quality=B-Class
|Description=Public.Resource.Org has delivered 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions back into the public domain under the CC0 public domain dedication.
|Mainurl=http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html
|Author=Public.Resource.Org
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=case law, courts of appeals, public domain
|License_short_name=CC0
|Format=Text
|Country=United States
|Quote=Practical access for all Americans to legal cases and material is essential to the rule of law. The Legal Commons is an important step in reducing the barriers to efective representation of average citizens and public interest advocates.
|Quote_Attribution=David Boies (http://www.scribd.com/doc/3385002/18-million-pages-of-case-law)
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/b/b8/Public-resource-org.png
|Image_attribution=(c) Public.Resource.Org
|Image_license=http://public.resource.org/
}}
== Overview ==

Public.Resource.Org is a nonprofit organization working to make government information more accessible to the public. Public.Resource.Org, working with Fastcase, Inc. and the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), delivered 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions since 1950 back into the public domain.

== License Usage ==

Public.Resource.Org officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law using the CC0 public domain dedication.

== Motivations ==

Works by the U.S. government are in the public domain, but not necessarily accessible to the public. Carl Malamud’s Public.Resource.Org has worked to rectify this by releasing 1.8 million pages of federal case law, including all Courts of Appeals decisions from 1950 to the present, into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.

== Media ==
*[http://www.scribd.com/doc/3385002/18-million-pages-of-case-law 2008 Announcement on CC0]
*[http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/ Case Law in the public domain dedicated via CC0]

Case Studies/WisconsinView

2011-03-02T01:20:47Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|importance=Medium
|quality=C-Class
|Description=The WisconsinView Consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web.
|Mainurl=http://www.wisconsinview.org/
|Author=WisconsinView Consortium, AmericaView Consortium,
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=Wisconsin, satellite data, aerial photography
|License_short_name=CC BY, CC0
|Format=Image, Text, Geodata, Data
|Country=United States
|Quote=In an effort to improve access and eliminate barriers, WisconsinView has registered all of its public domain imagery with a Creative Commons "CC-Zero" waiver.
|Quote_Attribution=WisconsinView
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/2/2c/Wisconsinview_banner.png
|Image_attribution=WisconsinView
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/
}}
== Overview ==
The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research.

== License Usage ==

Using the CC0 public domain dedication, WisconsinView has surrended all copyrights in its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. All other site content is defaulted under CC BY.

== Motivations ==
WisconsinView notes that "In an effort to improve access and eliminate barriers, WisconsinView has registered all of its public domain imagery with a Creative Commons "CC-Zero" waiver."

== Media ==
[http://relief.ersc.wisc.edu/wisconsinview/form.php Imagery downloads]

Case Studies/MichiganView

2011-03-02T01:19:52Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|importance=Medium
|quality=C-Class
|Description=The MichiganView Consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web.
|Mainurl=http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home
|Author=MichiganView Consortium, AmericaView Consortium
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=Michigan, aerial photography, satellite imagery
|License_short_name=CC BY, CC0
|Format=Image, Text, Geodata, Data
|Country=United States
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/5/5d/MichiganView_logo_289by150.png
|Image_attribution=CC BY by MichiganView
|Image_license=http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
}}
== Overview ==
The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research.

== License Usage ==

Using the CC0 public domain dedication, MichiganView has surrendered all copyrights in its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. All other content on the site is licensed under CC BY.

== Motivations ==

== Media ==
*[http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/3D+Models+of+Satellites 3D Models of Satellites]
*[http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Data+and+Technologies Data and Technologies]

Case Studies/Digg

2011-03-02T01:16:54Z

Matt:

{{Case Study
|Description=Digg is a social news website that has surrendered all copyrights in its user-submitted content via CC0.
|Mainurl=http://digg.com/
|Author=Digg
|User_Status=Curator
|Tag=Digg, news
|Format=Text
|Country=United States
|Quote=The CC0 waiver expresses that content posted on Digg is public domain even internationally. A minor point maybe, but our previous public domain dedication was only clear within the USA. When a friend from Creative Commons suggested that we move to a CC0 waiver, to even more clearly affirm our intentions, it seemed obvious.
|Quote_Attribution=Daniel Burka, former Digg Creative Director (http://about.digg.com/blog/some-small-important-digg-updates)
|Image_Header=http://wiki.creativecommons.org/images/b/b3/Digg-logo.jpg
|Image_attribution=(c) Digg
|Image_license=http://about.digg.com/terms-use
|importance=High
|quality=B-Class
|License_short_name=CC0
}}
== Overview ==

Digg is a social news website that highlights user-contributed content based on its popularity which is determined by readers voting up and down stories. Digg has surrendered all copyrights in its content through the CC0 public domain dedication. Digg content may include readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all other user-contributed content on the Digg site.

== License Usage ==

Digg surrenders all copyrights in to its content under the CC0 public domain dedication.

== Motivations ==

Previously, all Digg content was stated as in the public domain, but Digg went a step further by using the CC0 public domain dedication to ensure that its content would be available on the same terms around the world. See Daniel Burka's [http://about.digg.com/blog/some-small-important-digg-updates post] from 2009 for more information.

== Media ==

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T01:11:52Z

Matt:

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data]. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. The copyright laws of some jurisdictions cover database design and structure, however, and some jurisdictions like the European Union have enacted special laws to protect databases when they are not protected under applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database laws, so that however database rights are protected (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who surrendered their copyrights using the CC0 public domain dedication include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has surrendered all copyrights to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Dryad|?Image Header|link=none}}
Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is released under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, surrendering all copyrights via the CC0 public domain dedication. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|?Image Header|link=none}}
The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|?Image Header|link=none}}
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has surrendered all copyrights in its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain dedication for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MichiganView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has surrendered all copyrights to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain dedication, the government surrendered all copyrights in site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are surrendered via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenEI|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain dedication. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenJurist|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 public domain dedication as the default uploading option for users.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially surrendered all copyrights in the case law using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain dedication as an option for surrendering copyright in data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/University of Michigan Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The University of Michigan Library has surrendered all copyright in its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/WisconsinView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has surrendered all copyrights in its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
</div>

==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

[[Category:CC0]]

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T01:00:55Z

Matt: /* The British Library */

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data]. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. The copyright laws of some jurisdictions cover database design and structure, however, and some jurisdictions like the European Union have enacted special laws to protect databases when they are not protected under applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database laws, so that however database rights are protected (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain dedication. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who waived their copyrights using the CC0 public domain waiver include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has waived all copyright restrictions to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Dryad|?Image Header|link=none}}
Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is waived under the CC0 public domain waiver.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, waiving all copyright restrictions via the CC0 public domain waiver. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|?Image Header|link=none}}
The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|?Image Header|link=none}}
One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has waived all copyright restrictions to its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain waiver for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/MichiganView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has waived all copyright restrictions to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain waiver, the government waived all copyright restrictions for the site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are waived via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenEI|?Image Header|link=none}}
An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain waiver. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/OpenJurist|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain waiver. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 waiver as the default uploading option for users.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially waived all copyright restrictions to the case law using the CC0 public domain waiver.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain waiver as an option for waiving copyright restrictions to data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|?Image Header|link=none}}
The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain waiver.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/University of Michigan Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The University of Michigan Library has waived all copyrights to its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/WisconsinView|?Image Header|link=none}}
Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has waived all copyright restrictions to its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
</div>

==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

[[Category:CC0]]

CC0 use for data

2011-03-02T00:57:31Z

Matt:

<div style="float:left;padding:10px">[[File:Cc0_88x31.png]]</div>

[[CC0]] (read “CC Zero”) is a universal public domain dedication that may be used by anyone wishing to permanently surrender the copyright and database rights (where they exist) they may have in a work, thereby placing it as nearly as possible into the public domain. CC0 is a legal tool that improves on the “dedication” function of our earlier, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ U.S.-centric public domain dedication and certification]. CC0 is universal in form and may be used throughout the world for any kind of content without adaptation to account for laws in different jurisdictions. And like our licenses, CC0 has the benefit of being expressed in three ways – legal code, a human readable deed, and machine-readable code that allows works distributed under CC0 to be easily found.

CC0 is [http://sciencecommons.org/projects/publishing/open-access-data-protocol/ particularly relevant to data]. Databases may contain facts that, in and of themselves, are not protected by copyright law. The copyright laws of some jurisdictions cover database design and structure, however, and some jurisdictions like the European Union have enacted special laws to protect databases when they are not protected under applicable copyright law. CC0 is intended to cover all copyright and database laws, so that however database rights are protected (under copyright or otherwise), those rights are all surrendered. An opinion piece in <em>Nature</em> on "[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7261/full/461171a.html Post-publication sharing of data and tools]" explicitly recommends open sharing and the use of CC0 to put data in the public domain:

<blockquote>"Although it is usual practice for major public databases to make data freely available to access and use, any restrictions on use should be strongly resisted and we endorse explicit encouragement of open sharing, for example under the newly available CC0 public domain waiver of Creative Commons."</blockquote>

==CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/British_Library|The British Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/British_Library|?Image Header|link=none}}
The British Library released a large set of their bibliographic data into the public domain via the CC0 public domain waiver. This set is from the British National Bibliography, which contains data on publishing activity from the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland since 1950, and comprises 20% of the entire British Library catalog. The dataset currently consists of 3 million individual records.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/CERN|CERN Library]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/CERN|?Image Header|link=none}}
CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research that is home to the Large Hadron Collider and birthplace of the web, released its book catalog into the public domain using the CC0 public domain dedication.
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|Cologne-based Libraries]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Cologne-based_Libraries|?Image Header|link=none}}
All [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data bibliographic data from Cologne-based libraries] are available to the public with no known copyright restrictions. Cologne-based libraries who waived their copyrights using the CC0 public domain waiver include the University and Public Library of Cologne (USB), the Library of the Academy of Media Arts Cologne, the University Library of the University of Applied Science of Cologne, and the LBZ. The data is currently linked from the [http://www.hbz-nrw.de/projekte/linked_open_data North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center (hbz)]. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21344 blog post].
</div>

===[[Case_Studies/Digg|Digg]]===
<div class="smimg">{{#show: Case_Studies/Digg|?Image Header|link=none}}
All content on [http://digg.com Digg], a social news website, is defaulted under CC0, which means that Digg has waived all copyright restrictions to its content. Content includes readers' comments, story titles, story descriptions, and all of the other user-contributed content on the Digg site. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14752 blog post].
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===[[Case_Studies/Dryad|Dryad]]===
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Dryad is an online repository for data contained in academic papers and other publications in the sciences. The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center and the University of North Carolina Metadata Research Center, in partnership with various [http://datadryad.org/partners journals and societies], comprise the development of Dryad's data set, all of which is waived under the CC0 public domain waiver.
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===[[Case_Studies/Flickr_Case_Study|Flickr]]===
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[http://flickr.com Flickr] published its [http://code.flickr.com/blog/2009/05/21/flickr-shapefiles-public-dataset-10/ shapefile dataset] online, waiving all copyright restrictions via the CC0 public domain waiver. A shapefile is a file containing shapes mathematically generated by thousands of Flickr geotagged photos of particular neighborhoods, countries, and continents. Shapefile data has been used to reverse-engineer maps with user generated longitude and latitude coordinates that are then demarcated by Where-On-Earth IDs, "[http://code.flickr.com/blog/2008/10/30/the-shape-of-alpha/ unique numeric identifiers that correspond to the hierarchy of places where a photo was taken: the neighbourhood, the town, the county, and so on up to the continent]." For more information, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/14678 blog post].
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===[[Case_Studies/Wikipedia, German|German Wikipedia]]===
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The German Wikipedia uses CC0 to dedicate data into the public domain; specifically, their PND-BEACON files are available for download. Since Wikipedia links out to quite a number of external resources, and since a lot of articles link to the same external resources, PND-BEACON files are the German Wikipedia’s way of organizing the various data.
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===[[Case_Studies/GlaxoSmithKline|GlaxoSmithKline (GSK)]]===
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One of the leading pharmaceutical companies in the world, [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/chemblntd/#tcams_dataset GlaxoSmithKline] has waived all copyright restrictions to its malarial data set via CC0, which includes more than 13,500 compounds known to be active against malaria.
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===[[Case_Studies/Piemonte_Regional_Government|Italian Piemonte Regional Government]]===
The Piemonte Regional Government in Italy has adopted the CC0 public domain waiver for its open data portal (dati.piemonte.it). The Piemonte Region is leading the open data movement in Italy at the government level, being the only regional government to open up all its data for reuse without restrictions.

===[[Case_Studies/MichiganView|MichiganView]]===
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Using CC0, [http://wiki.americaview.org/display/miview/Home MichiganView] has waived all copyright restrictions to its 93+ Gigabytes of Landsat 5 and 7, and NAIP imagery data. The MichiganView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Michigan to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, MichiganView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2010/01/29/michiganview-releases-remote-sensing-data-under-cc0-waiver/ blog post].
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===[[Case_Studies/Netherlands_Government|Netherlands Government]]===
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The [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl Netherlands government] launched [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl], a single website for all Dutch ministries, in March 2010. The default copyright policy for site content is that there is no copyright; using the CC0 public domain waiver, the government waived all copyright restrictions for the site. The purpose of [http://www.rijksoverheid.nl www.rijksoverheid.nl] is to establish one central location or portal through which all government organizations and ministries can be accessed by the public. The migration process is currently underway. For more info, see the [http://creativecommons.org/weblog/entry/21473 blog post].
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===[[Case_Studies/Open Library|Open Library]]===
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An initiative of the Internet Archive, the Open Library is an online catalog that aims to provide a web page for every book ever published. Drawing from existing library catalogs around the world and user contributions, the Open Library has 20 million records to date and provides access to 1.7 million scanned books. All rights to Open Library data are waived via [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ CC0].
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===[[Case_Studies/OpenEI|OpenEI]]===
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An initiative of the U.S. Department of Energy, OpenEI is a linked open data platform that releases all contributions to the public under the CC0 public domain waiver. It is a community effort devoted to assembling the world's most comprehensive collection of energy information--including datasets, tools, and models.
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===[[Case_Studies/OpenJurist|OpenJurist.org]]===
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Using CC0, [http://openjurist.org/terms-of-use OpenJurist], a resource for case law in the U.S., has made available all Supreme Court and Federal Appellate Court Decisions from the 1700s to the current day.
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===[[Case_Studies/Personal_Genome_Project|Personal Genome Project]]===
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[http://www.personalgenomes.org/ The Personal Genome Project], a pioneer in the emerging field of personal genomics technology, released a large data set containing genomic sequences for ten individuals using CC0, with future planned releases also to be under CC0.
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===[[Case_Studies/Polar_Information_Commons|Polar Information Commons]]===
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The [http://www.polarcommons.org/ Polar Information Commons], a data sharing project growing out of the most recent International Polar Year, has enabled researchers to release their polar data into the public domain using the CC0 public domain waiver. For those sharing their data, the Polar Information Commons has outlined [http://www.polarcommons.org/ethics-and-norms-of-data-sharing.php Ethics and Norms of Data Sharing].
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===[[Case_Studies/Proteome_Commons|Proteome Commons Tranche Network]]===
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[https://proteomecommons.org/tranche/ Proteome Commons Tranche Network], a public proteomics database for annotations and other information that uses Tranche, a free and open source (Apache 2.0) file storage and dissemination software, has enabled the CC0 waiver as the default uploading option for users.
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===[[Case_Studies/Public.Resource.Org|Public.resource.org]]===
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[http://public.resource.org/uscourts.gov/index.html 1.8 million pages of U.S. Courts of Appeals decisions] (since 1950 onwards) were delivered back into the public domain by [http://public.resource.org/ public.resource.org], who officially waived all copyright restrictions to the case law using the CC0 public domain waiver.
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===[[Case_Studies/Sage_Bionetworks_-_Sage_Commons|Sage Bionetworks - Sage Commons]]===
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[http://sagebase.org/commons/ Sage Commons] is a public resource and information platform for scientists, research foundations, and research institutions to share and develop human disease and biological research. Sage Commons will enable the CC0 public domain waiver as an option for waiving copyright restrictions to data hosted in the network. The [http://blogs.ukoln.ac.uk/sagecite/ SageCite project], driven by UKOLN, the University of Manchester, and the British Library, and funded by JISC, is set to develop and test an entire framework for citation norms, not attribution, using bioinformatics as a test case.
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===[[Case_Studies/Talis_Connected_Commons|Talis Connected Commons]]===
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The [http://www.talis.com/platform/cc/ Talis Connected Commons] is a project by Talis that works to encourage the growth of public domain data. Talis offers free data hosting on its platform as long as the data is made available under either the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication or the CC0 public domain waiver.
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===[[Case_Studies/University_of_Michigan_Library|University of Michigan Library]]===
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The University of Michigan Library has waived all copyrights to its [http://www.lib.umich.edu/open-access-bibliographic-records Open Access bibliographic records] via CC0. As of November 17, 2010, the Library released 684,597 bibliographic records into the public domain. The Library also defaults all of its site content under the most open CC license - CC BY.
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===[[Case_Studies/WisconsinView|WisconsinView]]===
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Using CC0, [http://www.wisconsinview.org/ WisconsinView] has waived all copyright restrictions to its 6+ Terabytes of imagery data. The WisconsinView consortium makes available aerial photography and satellite imagery of Wisconsin to the public for free over the Web. As part of the AmericaView consortium, WisconsinView supports access and use of these imagery collections through education, workforce development, and research. For more info, see the [http://sciencecommons.org/weblog/archives/2009/07/01/wisconsinview-public-domain/ blog post].
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==Other CC0 use cases==
===[[Case_Studies/Open Clip Art Library|Open Clip Art Library]]===
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All clip art packages generated and uploaded by the Open Clip Art Library community are free to use, distribute, and remix under the CC0 public domain dedication.
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[[Category:CC0]]