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		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Dan+Mills</id>
		<title>Creative Commons - User contributions [en]</title>
		<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Dan+Mills"/>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Dan_Mills"/>
		<updated>2026-04-24T04:39:11Z</updated>
		<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
		<generator>MediaWiki 1.30.0</generator>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=File:Bj0.jpg&amp;diff=98872</id>
		<title>File:Bj0.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=File:Bj0.jpg&amp;diff=98872"/>
				<updated>2014-08-12T22:59:53Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills uploaded a new version of &amp;amp;quot;File:Bj0.jpg&amp;amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=File:Bj0.jpg&amp;diff=98871</id>
		<title>File:Bj0.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=File:Bj0.jpg&amp;diff=98871"/>
				<updated>2014-08-12T22:59:36Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Anonnotice&amp;diff=97812</id>
		<title>MediaWiki:Anonnotice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Anonnotice&amp;diff=97812"/>
				<updated>2014-06-25T19:21:24Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;background: #37FF84; padding: 1em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Please note: An account is needed '''only''' to edit the CC Wiki. If you need an account, please email webmaster at creativecommons org and we'll make you an account.&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Anonnotice&amp;diff=97811</id>
		<title>MediaWiki:Anonnotice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Anonnotice&amp;diff=97811"/>
				<updated>2014-06-25T19:20:33Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Please note: An account is needed '''only''' to edit the CC Wiki. If you need an account, please email webmaster at creativecommons org and we'll make you an account.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Anonnotice&amp;diff=97780</id>
		<title>MediaWiki:Anonnotice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=MediaWiki:Anonnotice&amp;diff=97780"/>
				<updated>2014-06-12T21:17:27Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Created page with &amp;quot;If you need an account, please email webmaster at creativecommons org and we'll make you an account.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;If you need an account, please email webmaster at creativecommons org and we'll make you an account.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=User:Meryl&amp;diff=97778</id>
		<title>User:Meryl</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=User:Meryl&amp;diff=97778"/>
				<updated>2014-06-12T21:04:32Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page User:Meryl to User:Meryl Mohan: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &amp;quot;Meryl&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Meryl Mohan&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[User:Meryl Mohan]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=User:Meryl_Mohan&amp;diff=97777</id>
		<title>User:Meryl Mohan</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=User:Meryl_Mohan&amp;diff=97777"/>
				<updated>2014-06-12T21:04:17Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page User:Meryl to User:Meryl Mohan: Automatically moved page while renaming the user &amp;quot;Meryl&amp;quot; to &amp;quot;Meryl Mohan&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Australia:_AUSGoal_-_Australian_Governments_Open_Access_and_Licensing_Framework&amp;diff=97762</id>
		<title>Australia: AUSGoal - Australian Governments Open Access and Licensing Framework</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Australia:_AUSGoal_-_Australian_Governments_Open_Access_and_Licensing_Framework&amp;diff=97762"/>
				<updated>2014-05-27T19:32:40Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{OER Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|OER Policy Title=AUSGoal - Australian Governments Open Access and Licensing Framework&lt;br /&gt;
|OER Policy URL=http://www.ausgoal.gov.au/&lt;br /&gt;
|Description=AusGOAL, the Australian Governments Open Access and Licensing Framework, provides support and guidance to government and related sectors to facilitate open access to publicly funded information. AusGOAL makes it possible for organisations to manage their risks when publishing information and data in a way that drives innovation and entrepreneurial activities; providing enhanced economic and social benefits to the wider community. AusGOAL incorporates a licence suite that includes: the Australian Creative Commons Version 3.0 licences; the AusGOAL Restrictive Licence Template and the BSD 3-Clause software licence; Licensing tools; an AusGOAL Microsoft Office App (coming soon); the Licence Chooser tool and 'Licence Manager' licence injector software; Resources; an emphasis on open formats and open access to publicly funded information; a policy requirement to choose the least restrictive licence appropriate to the material being published.&lt;br /&gt;
AusGOAL builds upon the Queensland Governments Government Information Licensing Framework (GILF).&lt;br /&gt;
|Author=Cross Jurisdictional Chief Information Officers Committee (CJCOC)&lt;br /&gt;
|OER Policy Date=2011/01/01&lt;br /&gt;
|OER Policy Status=Current&lt;br /&gt;
|Language code=English&lt;br /&gt;
|OER Policy Jurisdiction=National&lt;br /&gt;
|Country=Australia&lt;br /&gt;
|OER Policy Institution=Australian government&lt;br /&gt;
|Tag=australia&lt;br /&gt;
|License short name=CC BY&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
Includes a 'how to implement' guide&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Modules&amp;diff=97317</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Modules</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Modules&amp;diff=97317"/>
				<updated>2014-02-28T00:12:17Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Governance&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Policies and process for how we distribute authority and govern ourselves; including:&lt;br /&gt;
* Development and Implementation of new policies as appropriate for delegation of authority and responsibility&lt;br /&gt;
* Management of the source tree&lt;br /&gt;
* Balancing different constituencies of the project&lt;br /&gt;
* Maintaining the CC identity as we take on new activities&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.mozilla.org/about/roles.html#ultimate-decision-makers Ultimate authority] within the project rests with the owner and peer(s) of this module, and project decisions can be escalated to here.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:ceo@creativecommons.org Management Committee]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|glist=governance&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Governance Sub Modules===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Module Ownership System&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Healthy operation of the module ownership system, including topics such as:&lt;br /&gt;
* Filling vacant roles where appropriate&lt;br /&gt;
* Ensuring module owners are fulfilling their responsibilities, and replacing those who are not&lt;br /&gt;
* Creating and staffing new modules where new parts of the project evolve.&lt;br /&gt;
* Figuring out what to do if a module isn't getting enough attention&lt;br /&gt;
* Resolving conflicts among module owners &lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:ceo@creativecommons.org Management Committee]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/Module_System]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=New Contributor and Access Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Procedures for new contributors and for requesting and determining commit access.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:ceo@creativecommons.org Management Committee]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Licensing Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Policies for deciding how contributors should license code and content created for the project, as well as for determining whether 3rd-party code or content may be imported or used.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:ceo@creativecommons.org Management Committee]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/License_Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|page=Modules/All}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Mutual_non-disclosure_agreement&amp;diff=97316</id>
		<title>Mutual non-disclosure agreement</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Mutual_non-disclosure_agreement&amp;diff=97316"/>
				<updated>2014-02-27T23:31:40Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''NDA'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Papertrail has placed its one-way NDA, mutual NDA, and employment agreements under Creative Commons Zero, in a git repo. They're free and unencumbered. [http://blog.papertrailapp.com/free-un-copyrighted-nda-and-employment-contracts/ Details].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Historical'''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A '''mutual non-disclosure agreement''' might be a fruitful addition to the [[Creative Commons licenses]] for the following reasons:&lt;br /&gt;
*Many existing employment and commercial agreements, even academic ones, put undue restrictions on disclosure that long outlive the useful commercial window of the knowledge or artifact being shared.&lt;br /&gt;
*Often rights are left in limbo when an enterprise fails or becomes acquired by another that is not continuing the original project(s).&lt;br /&gt;
*Contractors often need to sign such agreements for mutual defense against larger employers who might use agreements with one to compromise the other's rights.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Similar to a [[guild license]], a CC mutual NDA could provide for a rational set of [[protocol]]s and dispute resolution procedures and defaults such as mediation that would maximize the amount of non-commercially useful work reaching the [[public domain]] or released as [[open content]].  For instance, it could specify that if neither party pursues commercial use of some invention past the window when it would qualify for [[patent]] protection, then either party may document and release the information for public use.  Or, it could specify that in the event of either party losing control of rights over the subject matter discussed, the other is free to do as they choose with it.  While in theory these rights might prevent a very few investors or partners from working with those who sign such an agreement, in practice the use of [[free software]], [[open content]] and [[share-alike]] terms has not usually inhibited the capital funding or hiring of individuals or companies otherwise qualified.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[category:proposal]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Scholarship_and_critique_regarding_Creative_Commons&amp;diff=97249</id>
		<title>Scholarship and critique regarding Creative Commons</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Scholarship_and_critique_regarding_Creative_Commons&amp;diff=97249"/>
				<updated>2014-02-11T21:49:33Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: /* 2013 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;These articles and comments have been collected to represent the different views about Creative Commons and issues related to Creative Commons.  If you know of an article or comment that is not represented here, please add it, or suggest on the talk page.  Articles and comments that are suitable for inclusion here are those which somehow progress and contribute to the debate that surrounds CC &amp;amp; CC-related issues.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==General Articles and Comments Related to CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2013===&lt;br /&gt;
* Taylor &amp;amp; Francis / Routledge, March 2013. Open Access Survey Supplement 1: Regional and Subject Breakdowns&lt;br /&gt;
of Licence Preferences. [http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/explore/open-access-survey-supp1.pdf link (pdf)]&lt;br /&gt;
* Cammaerts, Bart; Mansell, Robin; Bingchun Meng, September 2013. Copyright &amp;amp; Creation: A Case for Promoting Inclusive Online Sharing. [http://www.lse.ac.uk/media@lse/documents/MPP/LSE-MPP-Policy-Brief-9-Copyright-and-Creation.pdf link (pdf)]&lt;br /&gt;
* Dieter, Nil... &amp;amp; Wiebe, Andreas, 2013. Safe to Be Open: Study on the Protection of Research Data and Recommendations for Access and Usage. [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2391280 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2012===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper, Cheryl Foong &amp;amp; Brian Fitzgerald, 'Open access to judgments: Creative Commons licences and the Australian courts' (2012) 19(1) ''Murdoch University Law Review'', p. 1. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/56078/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2011===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Botero, Carolina &amp;amp; Cerda, Alberto. Creative Commons en América Latina: Una perspectiva comparada, in e-colabora “Revista de ciencia, educación, innovación y cultura apoyadas por Redes de Tecnología Avanzada”, Colombia, vol. 1, n. 2, 2011, pp. 1 – 15. [http://publicaciones.renata.edu.co/index.php/RCEC/article/download/43/pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Bouchard, Paul. Las promesas de la red y sus implicaciones. Revista de Universidad y Sociedad del Conocimiento, RUSC, Vol. 8, n. 1, 2011, pp. 272-287. [http://rusc.uoc.edu/ojs/index.php/rusc/article/view/v8n1-bouchard/v8n1-bouchard link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Carroll MW , 2011 Why Full Open Access Matters. PLoS Biol 9(11): e1001210. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001210 [http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001210 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper &amp;amp; Cheryl Foong, CC &amp;amp; Government Guide: Using Creative Commons 3.0 Australia Licences on Government Copyright Materials. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/38364/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Fewer, David.  Analysis of Share-Alike Obligations in Municipal Open Data Licenses. Canada: CIPPIC, 2011. [http://www.cippic.ca/sites/default/files/CIPPIC%20-%20Analysis%20of%20Share-alike%20Obligations.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hagedorn G, Mietchen D, Morris R, Agosti D, Penev L, Berendsohn W, Hobern D (2011) Creative Commons licenses and the non-commercial condition: Implications for the re-use of biodiversity information. ZooKeys 150: 127-149. [http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/2189/abstract/creative-commons-licenses-and-the-non-commercial-condition-implications-for-the-re-use-of-biodiversity-information link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen, Athukorala, Salovaara, What’s with the Free Images? A Study of Flickr’s Creative Commons Attribution Images, Mind Trek 2011.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kapur, Pranavakshar, Creative Commons: Impact on Indian Copyright Law, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha (GGSIP) University - Amity Law School, New Delhi, 2011. [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2047662 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Nevenka Antic, Srbija i Drustvo znanja (1-7) / Serbia and Knowledge Society (8-12), Scribd, 2011 [http://www.scribd.com/doc/55117315/Nevenka-Antic-Srbija-i-drustvo-znanja-Serbia-and-Knowledge-Society link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay. Creative Commons Licenses Legal Pitfalls: Incompatibilities and Solutions.  Amsterdam: Institute for Information Law/Creative Commons Nederland, 2010. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/101220cc_incompatibilityfinal.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald (2010) European Public Sector Information Platform Topic Report No. 13 - State of Play: PSI Reuse in Australia. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/33206/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald &amp;amp; Kylie M. Pappalardo, Creative Commons and Data. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/30130/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cheryl Foong (2010) Sharing with Creative Commons : a business model for content creators. Platform: Journal of Media and Communication, pp. 64-93. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/40800/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Paul Keller (Creative Commons Nederland) &amp;amp; Andy Zondervan (Buma/Stemra). Evaluation of the Creative Commons Buma/Stemra pilot. Amsterdam/Hoofddorp, Augustus 2010. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/100824evaluation_pilot_en.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*José Manuel Ruiz Gutiérrez, Crowdfunding y Creative Commons: Nuevos Modelos de Financiación y Propiedad Intelectual para la Producción y Distribución de Proyectos Audiovisuales. CDC Cuadernos de Comunicación, ISSN 1988-3153, Nº. 4, 2010, págs. 30-38. [http://cdc.escogranada.com/cdc/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/0404cc.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2009===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christina Angelopoulos. Creative Commons and Related Rights in Sound Recordings: Are the Two Systems Compatible? Amsterdam: Instituut voor Informatierecht, 2009. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/091201cc_sound_recordings.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Herkko Hietanen. Wikimedia Licensing Policy Change – A Conundrum, WIPO magazine November 2009 [http://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/2009/06/article_0004.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Bingchun Meng. Articulating a Chinese Commons: An Explorative Study of Creative Commons in China. 2009 [http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/441 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Abelson Hal, Adida Ben, Linksvayer Mike, Yergler Nathan, ccREL: The Creative Commons Rights Expression Language, Communia First Workshop, Torino, January 2008. [http://www.communia-project.eu/node/79 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Dobusch Leonhard, Quack Sigrid, “Epistemic Communities and Social Movements: Transnational Dynamics in the Case of Creative Commons,” MPIfG (Max-Planck Institute for the Study of Societies), Discussion Paper 08/8. [http://www.mpifg.de/pu/dp_abstracts/dp08-8.asp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay. Check Your Data Freedom: Defining a Taxonomy for Access and Reuse of Life Science Data. Nature Precedings, July 2008. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2008.2083.1 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2007===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M.M.M. van Eechoud &amp;amp; B. van der Wal, “Creative commons licensing for public sector information: Opportunities and pitfalls“, Institute for Information Law, 2007. [http://www.ivir.nl/publications/eechoud/CC_PublicSectorInformation_report_v3.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mary Wai San Wong, ‘User-Generated Content &amp;amp; the Open Source/Creative Common Movements: Has the Time Come for Users' Rights?’ (2007) [http://ssrn.com/abstract=1022395 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, Creative Commons: licencias de contenido abierto para regular trabajos creativos, in Revista de la Asociación de Técnicos de Informática, n. 181, 2006, pp. 28-30. [http://www.ati.es/novatica/2006/181/181-28.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons Submission in response to the Questions for online consultation released in conjunction with the i2010 Digital Libraries Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions [SEC(2005) 1195].   [http://europa.eu.int/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/consultation/replies/consult_results/cc_a302994.pdf   link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Digital Rights Management: Report of an Inquiry by the All Party Internet Group [http://www.apig.org.uk/current-activities/apig-inquiry-into-digital-rights-management/DRMreport.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Klang. Informational Commons: On creativity, copyright &amp;amp; licenses, Proceedings of European Conference on Information Systems, Göteborg.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen Herkko, Dulong de Rosnay Melanie, « Legal Metadata for Semantic Web Applications: Case Creative Commons », Symposium on Digital Semantic Content across Cultures, Paris, the Louvre, May 2006. [http://www.seco.tkk.fi/events/2006/2006-05-04-websemantique/presentations/articles/hietanen-DulongdeRosnay-Legal-Metadata-for-Semantic-Web-Applications.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Remix World: towards a global digital commons [http://www.opendemocracy.net/arts-commons/issue.jsp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*A. Rens,  Managing Risk and Opportunity in Creative Commons Enterprises, First Monday, volume 11, number 6 (June 2006) [http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue11_6/rens/index.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Wikipedia Entry on Creative Commons [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_commons link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kimberlee G. Weatherall, ‘Would you ''ever'' recommend a Creative Commons license?’(2006) Australasian Intellectual Property Resources [http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/other/AIPLRes/2006/4.html Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Barker Ed, Duncan Charles, Guadamuz Andres, Hatcher Jordan, Waelde Charlotte, The Common Information Environment and Creative Commons. Final Report to the Common Information Environment Members of a study on the applicability of Creative Commons Licences, 10 October 2005, [http://www.intrallect.com/index.php/intrallect/content/download/632/2631/file/CIE_CC_Final_Report.pdf Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons comments as part of WIPO Online Forum on Intellectual Property and Information Society, Theme Two: The intellectual property system and freedom of expression and creativity. [http://www.wipo.int/roller/comments/ipisforum/Weblog/theme_two_the_intellectual_property#comment50 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons comments as part of WIPO Online Forum on Intellectual Property and Information Society,  Theme Three: The public domain and open access models of information creation: at odds with the intellectual property system or enabled by it? [http://www.wipo.int/roller/comments/ipisforum/Weblog/theme_three_the_public_domain#comment53 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, Creative Commons: A Skeptical View of a Worthy Pursuit, in Hugenholtz P. Bernt &amp;amp; Guibault Lucie (eds.), The Future of the Public Domain, Kluwer Law International, 2006. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=885466 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mia Garlick, Creative Humbug? Bah the humbug, let’s get creative! By:Mia Garlick, Creative Commons, [http://www.indicare.org/tiki-print_article.php?articleId=124. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mia Garlick, A Review of Creative Commons and Science Commons , [http://www.educause.edu/content.asp?page_id=666&amp;amp;ID=ERM05510&amp;amp;bhcp=1. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrea Glorioso,  gravi (o presunti tali) problemi delle CC, (&amp;quot;The  severe (or  so  believed) problems of CC [licenses]&amp;quot;) [http://punto-informatico.it/p.aspx?id=1275360 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*H. Hietanen &amp;amp; V. Oksanen, (2005) Legal metadata, open content distribution and collecting societies. [http://www.hiit.fi/u/hietanen/docs/legal_metadata_open_content.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Klang (2005). The Digital Commons: Using Licenses to Promote Creativity, Proceedings of Ethicomp. [http://www.ituniv.se/~klang/web/pub/Klangethicomp.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mako-Hill Benjamin, Towards a Standard of Freedom: Creative Commons and the Free Software Movement, july 2005. [http://mako.cc/writing/toward_a_standard_of_freedom.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christiane Asschenfeldt, &amp;quot;Copyright and Licensing Issues—The International Commons.&amp;quot; In CERN Workshop Series on Innovations in Scholarly Communication: Implementing the Benefits of OAI (OAI3), 12 February-14 February 2004 at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva: CERN, 2004. [http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00000998/  link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Brian Fitzgerald, Brian, and Ian Oi, &amp;quot;Free Culture: Cultivating the Creative Commons.&amp;quot; (2004). [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/archive/00000122/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*N. Hendriks, (2004) Developing CC Licenses for Dutch Creatives. In Danièle Bourcier and Mélanie Dulong de Rosnay, editors, International Commons at the Digital Age, La création en partage, pages 19-32. Romillat, Paris, 2004. [http://creativecommons.fr/activite/publications/international-commons-at-the-digital-age/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Pawlo, (2004) What is the Meaning of Non-Commercial? in Bourcier D. &amp;amp; Dulong De Rosnay, M. (eds).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Välimäki, M. and H. Hietanen. (2004). The Challenges of Creative Commons Licensing, Computer Law Review, (06):172-177, Dec 2004. [http://www.hiit.fi/u/hietanen/docs/cri06-04_A_Vaelimaeki_Hietanen.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jonathan B. Weitzman, and Lawrence Lessig. &amp;quot;Open Access and Creative Common Sense.&amp;quot; Open Access Now, 10 May 2004. [http://www.biomedcentral.com/openaccess/archive/?page=features&amp;amp;issue=16 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2003===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Out of the Way: How the Next Copyright Revolution Can Help the Next Scientific Revolution.&amp;quot; PLoS Biology 1, no. 1 (2003): 30-31. [http://www.plosbiology.org/plosonline/?request=get-document&amp;amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0000009 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, The Creative Commons, RBL, Tokyo (2003). (No online link available at this time). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Barbara F. Schloman,&amp;quot;Creative Commons: An Opportunity to Extend the Public Domain.&amp;quot; Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13 October 2003. [http://www.nursingworld.org/ojin/infocol/info_12.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Gary Stix, &amp;quot;Some Rights Reserved.&amp;quot; Scientific American 288, no. 3 (2003): 46. [http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&amp;amp;colID=7&amp;amp;articleID=000C2691-4F88-1E40-89E0809EC588EEDF link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2002===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D.C.  Denison,  &amp;quot;For Creators, An Argument for Alienable Rights.&amp;quot; Boston Globe, 22 December 2002, E2. (No online link available at this time). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hal  Plotkin, &amp;quot;All Hail Creative Commons: Stanford Professor and Author Lawrence Lessig Plans a Legal Insurrection.&amp;quot; SFGate.com, 11 February 2002. [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/gate/archive/2002/02/11/creatcom.DTL link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Books &amp;amp; Book Chapters Related to CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Danièle Bourcier, Pompeu Casanovas, Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, Catharina Maracke (editors), (2010). Intelligent Multimedia. Sharing Creative Works in a Digital World, European Press Academic Publishing, Florence, June 2010, 412 p. ISBN: 9788883980633. [http://creativecommons.fr/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/CCiBook_printedversion_IntelligentMultimedia1.pdf link to pdf] - [http://www.e-p-a-p.com/publications/bookcard.php?isbn=9788883980633 link to table of contents]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper &amp;amp; Brian F. Fitzgerald  (2010) The use of Creative Commons licensing to enable open access to public sector information and publicly funded research results : an overview of recent Australian developments. In Bourcier, Danièle, Casanovas, Pompeu, Dulong de Rosnay, Mélanie, &amp;amp; Maracke, Catharina (Eds.) Intelligent Multimedia : Managing Creative Works in a Digital World. European Press Academic Publishing , pp. 151-174. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/34143/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Brian F. Fitzgerald  (Ed.) (2010) Access to public sector information : law, technology and policy. Sydney University Press, Sydney. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/34085/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Brian F. Fitzgerald &amp;amp; Neale Hooper  (2010) Enabling open access to public sector information with Creative Commons Licences : the Australian experience. In Access to Public Sector Information : Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy. Sydney University Press. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/29773/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald  (2010) Open access and public sector information : policy developments in Australia and key jurisdictions. In Access to Public Sector Information : Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy. Sydney University Press. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/31024/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
*Herkko Hietanen, The Pursuit of Efficient Copyright Licensing—How Some Rights Reserved Attempts to Solve the Problems of All Rights Reserved, PhD. Dissertation, 2008. [http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/42778/isbn9789522147219.pdf?sequence=2 Pdf-link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Yochai Benkler, (2006). The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300110561. [http://www.benkler.org/wealth_of_networks/index.php/Download_PDFs_of_the_book. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
*Eric von Hippel, (2005). Democratizing Innovation, Cambridge: MIT Press. ISBN 0262002744. [http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (2005). Free Culture: The Nature and Future of Creativity. New York: Penguin. ISBN 9780143034650. [http://www.free-culture.cc/freeculture.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kembrew McLeod, (2005). Freedom of Expression (R) : Overzealous Copyright Bozos and Other Enemies of Creativity. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0385513259. [http://www.kembrew.com/books/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Danièle Bourcier, Mélanie Dulong de Rosnay (editors), (2004). International Commons at the Digital Age/La création en partage. Paris: Editions Romillat. ISBN  2878940814. [http://creativecommons.fr/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/livre.pdf link to book pdf] - [http://creativecommons.fr/activite/publications/international-commons-at-the-digital-age/ link to table of contents] (NB. At the time this book was prepared, iCommons referred to the international licensing project currently known as Creative Commons International)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2001===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (2001). The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World. New York: Random House. ISBN 0375505784. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kembrew McLeod, (2001). Owning Culture: Authorship, Ownership, and Intellectual Property Law (Popular Culture and Everyday Life). New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 0820451576. [http://www.kembrew.com/books/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===1999===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (1999). Code, and Other Laws of Cyberspace. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 046503912X.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===1997===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*James Boyle (1997). Shamans, Software, and SpleensL Law and the Construction of the Information Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674805232.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Law Journal Articles about CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2011===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Herkko Hietanen, “Creative Commons Olympics. How Big Media is Learning to License From Amateur Authors” (2011) 2 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-2-1-2011/2963 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Catherine Jasserand, “Creative Commons licences and design: Are the two compatible?” (2011) 2 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-2-2-2011/3085 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cheryl Foong, &amp;quot;Open content licensing of public sector information and the risk of tortious liability for Australian Governments&amp;quot; (2010) 17(2) eLaw Journal, 23-49. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/42572/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Catharina Maracke “Creative Commons International: The International License Porting Project” (2010) 1 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-1-1-2010/2417 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Juan Sebastián Sereno Restrepo, &amp;quot;Contenido generado por usuarios (ugc), wikies y derecho de autor&amp;quot;. Revista la propiedad inmaterial, n. 14, 2010, págs. 209-260. [http://foros.uexternado.edu.co/ecoinstitucional/index.php/propin/article/viewFile/2480/2116 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2009===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Chen Shun-ling, “To Surpass or to Conform – What are Public Licenses For?”, University of Illinois Journal of Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy, Issue 1, 2009, 107–139.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Bas Bloemsaat &amp;amp; Pieter Kleve, ‘Creative Commons: A business model for products nobody wants to buy’ (2009) 23(3) International Review of Law, Computers &amp;amp; Technology 237&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Van Houweling, Molly Shaffer, &amp;quot;The New Servitudes&amp;quot; . Georgetown Law Journal, Forthcoming Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1028947&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2007===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Michael Carroll, “Creative Commons as Conversational Copyright,” Villanova Law/Public Policy Research Paper No. 2007-8, in Intellectual Property and Information Wealth: Issues and Practices in the Digital Age, YU Peter K. (Ed.), Vol. 1, New York: Praeger, 2007, 445–61. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=978813 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Jessica Coates, ‘Creative Commons - The Next Generation: Creative Commons licence use five years on’ (2007) 4 SCRIPT-ed (1) 72  [http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/ahrc/script-ed/vol4-1/coates.asp Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen Herkko, “A License or a Contract, Analyzing the Nature of Creative Commons Licenses,” NIR Nordiskt Immateriellt Rättsskydd (Nordic Intellectual Property Law Review), 2007/6, 76, 516–535. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=1029366 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Lydia Pallas Loren, &amp;quot;Building a Reliable Semicommons of Creative Works: Enforcement of Creative Commons Licenses and Limited Abandonment of Copyright&amp;quot; . George Mason Law Review, Vol. 14, p. 271, 2007 [http://ssrn.com/abstract=957939 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Rafael Sánchez Aristi, Las licencias creative commons: un análisis crítico desde el derecho español. Revista jurídica de deporte y entretenimiento: deportes, juegos de azar, entretenimiento y música, n. 19, 2007, págs. 417-445. [http://www.aranzadi.es/index.php/informacion-juridica/doctrina/civil/las-licencias-creative-commons-un-analisis-critico-desde-el-derecho-espanol link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael W. Carroll, ‘Creative Commons and the New Intermediaries’ (2006) 45 Michigan State Law Review [http://ssrn.com/abstract=782405 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Andrés Cuevas-Cardenas, Creative Commons: ¿Alternativa a la Propiedad Intelectual en Chile?, Alfa-Redi AR: Revista de Derecho Informático, n. 98, 2006 [http://www.alfa-redi.org/rdi-articulo.shtml?x=7195 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
* Séverine Dusollier, The Master's Tools v. The Master's House: Creative Commons v. Copyright, Columbia Journal of Law and the Arts, vol. 29, Spring 2006, p. 101.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Andres Guadamuz Gonzalez, Open Science: Open Source Licenses in Scientific Research, 7 N.C. J.L. &amp;amp; Tech. 321(2006).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Zachary Katz, Pitfalls of Open Licensing: An Analysis of Creative Commons Licensing, 46 IDEA 391 (2006).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Raquel Xalabarder Plantada, &amp;quot;Las licencias Creative Commons: ¿una alternativa al copyright?&amp;quot;. UOC Papers: revista sobre la sociedad del conocimiento, n. 2, 2006. [http://www.uoc.edu/uocpapers/2/dt/esp/xalabarder.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jerry Brito and Bridget Dooling, An Orphan Works Affirmative Defense to Copyright Infringement Actions, 12 Mich. Telecomm. Tech. L. Rev. 75 (2005) [http://www.mttlr.org/voltwelve/brito&amp;amp;dooling.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, What Contracts Cannot Do: The Limits of Private Ordering in Facilitiating A Creative Commons, 74 Fordham L. Rev. 375 (November 2005). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence B. Solum,Book Review : The Future of Copyright Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture and Control Creativity. By Lawrence Lessig, 83 Tex. L. Rev. 1137 (2005). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Matthew Dean Stratton, Will Lessig Succeed in Challenging the CTEA, Post-Eldred?, 15 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media &amp;amp; Ent. L.J. 893 (Spring, 2005).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Anupam  Chander and Sunder, Madhavi,  The Romance of the Public Domain, 92 Calif. L. Rev. 1331 (2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Commentary: The Creative Commons, 65 Mont. L. Rev. 1 (Winter, 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Free(ing) Culture for Remix, 2004 Utah L. Rev. 961 (2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Robert P. Merges, A New Dynamism in the Public Domain, 71 U. Chi. L. Rev. 183 (Winter 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Sprigman, Reform(aliz)ing Copyright,  57 Stan. L. Rev. 485 (November, 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2003===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jeffrey L. Harrison, Creativity or Commons: A Comment on Professor Lessig, 55 Fla. L. Rev. 795 (2003).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Dunwoody Distinguished Lecture in law: The Creative Commons, 55 Fla. L. Rev. 763 (2003).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Criticisms of/Debate About Creative Commons &amp;amp; CC-related issues==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Association Littéraire et Artistique Internationale (ALAI), MEMORANDUM ON CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSES, [http://www.alai-usa.org/Memo%20Creative%20Com%20Licences%20jg%20rev%2022%20jan.doc link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Australian Copyright Council, Information Sheet: Creative Commons Licenses, May 2006. [http://www.copyright.org.au/pdf/acc/infosheets_pdf/g094.pdf/download link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, &amp;quot;Creative Commons: A Skeptical View of a Worthy Pursuit&amp;quot; . THE FUTURE OF THE PUBLIC DOMAIN, P. Bernt Hugenholtz &amp;amp; Lucie Guibault, eds., Kluwer Law International, 2006 Available at SSRN: [http://ssrn.com/abstract=885466 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mihály Ficsor, &amp;quot;How Did We Arrive Here? The Evolution of Copyright Legislation (the End of?), [http://www.ebu.ch/CMSimages/en/B.1%20M.%20Ficsor_tcm6-43830.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Becky Hogge, &amp;quot;What Moves a Movement,&amp;quot; [http://www.opendemocracy.net/media-commons/movement_3686.jsp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) position on CC, [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/forms_and_guidelines/creative_commons.asp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D. M.  Berry, &amp;amp; Giles Moss, “On the ‘Creative Commons’: a critique of the commons without commonalty,” Free Software Magazine. No. 5., [http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/free_issues/issue_05/commons_without_commonality link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D. M.  Berry, &amp;amp; Giles Moss,&amp;quot;Libre Commons = Libre Culture + Radical Democracy. [http://www.noemalab.org/sections/ideas/ideas_articles/berry_moss_libre_commons.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Antonio Delgado, &amp;quot;Las 'Licencias Creative Commons'&amp;quot;, documento OMPI-SGAE/DA/ASU/05/15, [http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/lac/es/ompi_sgae_da_asu_05/ompi_sgae_da_asu_05_15.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*John C. Dvorak,“Creative Commons Humbug,” PC Magazine, [http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1838251,00.asp link], Dvorak's revised position on CC:  [http://www.joegratz.net/archives/2005/10/27/dvorak-recants-on-creative-commons-humbug/  link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Sarah Faulder, &amp;quot;What Creative Commons really means for writers,&amp;quot; [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/downloads/creative_commons_writers.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Michael Fitzgerald, &amp;quot;Copyleft Hits a Snag,&amp;quot; [http://www.technologyreview.com/read_article.aspx?id=16073&amp;amp;ch=infotech link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
*Benjamin Mako Hill, &amp;quot;Towards a Standard of Freedom: Creative Commons and the Free Software Movement,&amp;quot; [http://mako.cc/writing/toward_a_standard_of_freedom.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Geert Lovink and Ned Rossiter, &amp;quot;Dawn of the Organised Networks,&amp;quot; FibreCulture Journal Issue 5, [http://journal.fibreculture.org/issue5/lovink_rossiter.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance (MEAA)'s Media Release: &amp;quot;AFC provides no Sanctuary for Australian performers,&amp;quot; [http://modfilms.com/archives/doc/20050330_meaa_pressrelease.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Erik Möller, &amp;quot;The Case for Free Use: Reasons Not to Use a Creative Commons -NC License,&amp;quot; [http://intelligentdesigns.net/Licenses/NC link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Raymond Nimmer, “Open source license proliferation, a broader view,&amp;quot; [http://www.ipinfoblog.com/archives/licensing-law-issues-36-open-source-license-proliferation-a-broader-view.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrew Orlowski, “On Creativity, Computers and Copyright,&amp;quot; The Register. [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/07/21/creativity/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrew Orlowski, &amp;quot;The Commons Just Isn't Creative,&amp;quot; The Register. [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/08/29/creativity_computers_copyright_letters/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Emma Pike, &amp;quot;What you need to know about Creative Commons,&amp;quot; [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/downloads/creative_commons.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Emma Pike, &amp;quot;Let's be Clear about Creative Commons,&amp;quot; Sound Nation. [http://www.bmr.org/html/news/news55.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Evan Prodromou, &amp;quot;debian-legal Summary of Creative Commons 2.0 Licenses,&amp;quot; [http://people.debian.org/~evan/ccsummary.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Response of Australian Performing Rights Association (APRA) to Creative Commons International,  Regarding the Application of APRA for Authorization, [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+64474.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+64474.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729 link]&lt;br /&gt;
**Creative Commons International's First Submission: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+61451.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+61451.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729 link]&lt;br /&gt;
**Creative Commons Internationals' Second Submission: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+70075.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+70075.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729   link]&lt;br /&gt;
**filed as part of the Australian Competition &amp;amp; Consumer Commission's consideration of the Australian Performing Rights Association's application for Authorisation of its input &amp;amp; output arrangements. All documents can be found here: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/744728/display/submission. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Richard Stallman, Position on Creative Commons: [http://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/entry-20050920.html here] and [http://yro.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=06/02/07/1733220 here]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Péter Benjamin Tóth, “Creative Humbug: Personal feelings about the Creative Commons licenses,&amp;quot; [http://www.indicare.org/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=118 link]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Scholarship_and_critique_regarding_Creative_Commons&amp;diff=97248</id>
		<title>Scholarship and critique regarding Creative Commons</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Scholarship_and_critique_regarding_Creative_Commons&amp;diff=97248"/>
				<updated>2014-02-11T19:49:55Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;These articles and comments have been collected to represent the different views about Creative Commons and issues related to Creative Commons.  If you know of an article or comment that is not represented here, please add it, or suggest on the talk page.  Articles and comments that are suitable for inclusion here are those which somehow progress and contribute to the debate that surrounds CC &amp;amp; CC-related issues.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==General Articles and Comments Related to CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2013===&lt;br /&gt;
* Taylor &amp;amp; Francis / Routledge, March 2013. Open Access Survey Supplement 1: Regional and Subject Breakdowns&lt;br /&gt;
of Licence Preferences. [http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/explore/open-access-survey-supp1.pdf link (pdf)]&lt;br /&gt;
* Cammaerts, Bart; Mansell, Robin; Bingchun Meng, September 2013. Copyright &amp;amp; Creation: A Case for Promoting Inclusive Online Sharing. [http://www.lse.ac.uk/media@lse/documents/MPP/LSE-MPP-Policy-Brief-9-Copyright-and-Creation.pdf link (pdf)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2012===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper, Cheryl Foong &amp;amp; Brian Fitzgerald, 'Open access to judgments: Creative Commons licences and the Australian courts' (2012) 19(1) ''Murdoch University Law Review'', p. 1. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/56078/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2011===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Botero, Carolina &amp;amp; Cerda, Alberto. Creative Commons en América Latina: Una perspectiva comparada, in e-colabora “Revista de ciencia, educación, innovación y cultura apoyadas por Redes de Tecnología Avanzada”, Colombia, vol. 1, n. 2, 2011, pp. 1 – 15. [http://publicaciones.renata.edu.co/index.php/RCEC/article/download/43/pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Bouchard, Paul. Las promesas de la red y sus implicaciones. Revista de Universidad y Sociedad del Conocimiento, RUSC, Vol. 8, n. 1, 2011, pp. 272-287. [http://rusc.uoc.edu/ojs/index.php/rusc/article/view/v8n1-bouchard/v8n1-bouchard link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Carroll MW , 2011 Why Full Open Access Matters. PLoS Biol 9(11): e1001210. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001210 [http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001210 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper &amp;amp; Cheryl Foong, CC &amp;amp; Government Guide: Using Creative Commons 3.0 Australia Licences on Government Copyright Materials. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/38364/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Fewer, David.  Analysis of Share-Alike Obligations in Municipal Open Data Licenses. Canada: CIPPIC, 2011. [http://www.cippic.ca/sites/default/files/CIPPIC%20-%20Analysis%20of%20Share-alike%20Obligations.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hagedorn G, Mietchen D, Morris R, Agosti D, Penev L, Berendsohn W, Hobern D (2011) Creative Commons licenses and the non-commercial condition: Implications for the re-use of biodiversity information. ZooKeys 150: 127-149. [http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/2189/abstract/creative-commons-licenses-and-the-non-commercial-condition-implications-for-the-re-use-of-biodiversity-information link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen, Athukorala, Salovaara, What’s with the Free Images? A Study of Flickr’s Creative Commons Attribution Images, Mind Trek 2011.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kapur, Pranavakshar, Creative Commons: Impact on Indian Copyright Law, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha (GGSIP) University - Amity Law School, New Delhi, 2011. [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2047662 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Nevenka Antic, Srbija i Drustvo znanja (1-7) / Serbia and Knowledge Society (8-12), Scribd, 2011 [http://www.scribd.com/doc/55117315/Nevenka-Antic-Srbija-i-drustvo-znanja-Serbia-and-Knowledge-Society link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay. Creative Commons Licenses Legal Pitfalls: Incompatibilities and Solutions.  Amsterdam: Institute for Information Law/Creative Commons Nederland, 2010. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/101220cc_incompatibilityfinal.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald (2010) European Public Sector Information Platform Topic Report No. 13 - State of Play: PSI Reuse in Australia. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/33206/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald &amp;amp; Kylie M. Pappalardo, Creative Commons and Data. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/30130/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cheryl Foong (2010) Sharing with Creative Commons : a business model for content creators. Platform: Journal of Media and Communication, pp. 64-93. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/40800/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Paul Keller (Creative Commons Nederland) &amp;amp; Andy Zondervan (Buma/Stemra). Evaluation of the Creative Commons Buma/Stemra pilot. Amsterdam/Hoofddorp, Augustus 2010. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/100824evaluation_pilot_en.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*José Manuel Ruiz Gutiérrez, Crowdfunding y Creative Commons: Nuevos Modelos de Financiación y Propiedad Intelectual para la Producción y Distribución de Proyectos Audiovisuales. CDC Cuadernos de Comunicación, ISSN 1988-3153, Nº. 4, 2010, págs. 30-38. [http://cdc.escogranada.com/cdc/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/0404cc.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2009===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christina Angelopoulos. Creative Commons and Related Rights in Sound Recordings: Are the Two Systems Compatible? Amsterdam: Instituut voor Informatierecht, 2009. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/091201cc_sound_recordings.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Herkko Hietanen. Wikimedia Licensing Policy Change – A Conundrum, WIPO magazine November 2009 [http://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/2009/06/article_0004.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Bingchun Meng. Articulating a Chinese Commons: An Explorative Study of Creative Commons in China. 2009 [http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/441 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Abelson Hal, Adida Ben, Linksvayer Mike, Yergler Nathan, ccREL: The Creative Commons Rights Expression Language, Communia First Workshop, Torino, January 2008. [http://www.communia-project.eu/node/79 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Dobusch Leonhard, Quack Sigrid, “Epistemic Communities and Social Movements: Transnational Dynamics in the Case of Creative Commons,” MPIfG (Max-Planck Institute for the Study of Societies), Discussion Paper 08/8. [http://www.mpifg.de/pu/dp_abstracts/dp08-8.asp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay. Check Your Data Freedom: Defining a Taxonomy for Access and Reuse of Life Science Data. Nature Precedings, July 2008. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2008.2083.1 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2007===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M.M.M. van Eechoud &amp;amp; B. van der Wal, “Creative commons licensing for public sector information: Opportunities and pitfalls“, Institute for Information Law, 2007. [http://www.ivir.nl/publications/eechoud/CC_PublicSectorInformation_report_v3.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mary Wai San Wong, ‘User-Generated Content &amp;amp; the Open Source/Creative Common Movements: Has the Time Come for Users' Rights?’ (2007) [http://ssrn.com/abstract=1022395 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, Creative Commons: licencias de contenido abierto para regular trabajos creativos, in Revista de la Asociación de Técnicos de Informática, n. 181, 2006, pp. 28-30. [http://www.ati.es/novatica/2006/181/181-28.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons Submission in response to the Questions for online consultation released in conjunction with the i2010 Digital Libraries Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions [SEC(2005) 1195].   [http://europa.eu.int/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/consultation/replies/consult_results/cc_a302994.pdf   link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Digital Rights Management: Report of an Inquiry by the All Party Internet Group [http://www.apig.org.uk/current-activities/apig-inquiry-into-digital-rights-management/DRMreport.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Klang. Informational Commons: On creativity, copyright &amp;amp; licenses, Proceedings of European Conference on Information Systems, Göteborg.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen Herkko, Dulong de Rosnay Melanie, « Legal Metadata for Semantic Web Applications: Case Creative Commons », Symposium on Digital Semantic Content across Cultures, Paris, the Louvre, May 2006. [http://www.seco.tkk.fi/events/2006/2006-05-04-websemantique/presentations/articles/hietanen-DulongdeRosnay-Legal-Metadata-for-Semantic-Web-Applications.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Remix World: towards a global digital commons [http://www.opendemocracy.net/arts-commons/issue.jsp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*A. Rens,  Managing Risk and Opportunity in Creative Commons Enterprises, First Monday, volume 11, number 6 (June 2006) [http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue11_6/rens/index.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Wikipedia Entry on Creative Commons [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_commons link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kimberlee G. Weatherall, ‘Would you ''ever'' recommend a Creative Commons license?’(2006) Australasian Intellectual Property Resources [http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/other/AIPLRes/2006/4.html Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Barker Ed, Duncan Charles, Guadamuz Andres, Hatcher Jordan, Waelde Charlotte, The Common Information Environment and Creative Commons. Final Report to the Common Information Environment Members of a study on the applicability of Creative Commons Licences, 10 October 2005, [http://www.intrallect.com/index.php/intrallect/content/download/632/2631/file/CIE_CC_Final_Report.pdf Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons comments as part of WIPO Online Forum on Intellectual Property and Information Society, Theme Two: The intellectual property system and freedom of expression and creativity. [http://www.wipo.int/roller/comments/ipisforum/Weblog/theme_two_the_intellectual_property#comment50 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons comments as part of WIPO Online Forum on Intellectual Property and Information Society,  Theme Three: The public domain and open access models of information creation: at odds with the intellectual property system or enabled by it? [http://www.wipo.int/roller/comments/ipisforum/Weblog/theme_three_the_public_domain#comment53 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, Creative Commons: A Skeptical View of a Worthy Pursuit, in Hugenholtz P. Bernt &amp;amp; Guibault Lucie (eds.), The Future of the Public Domain, Kluwer Law International, 2006. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=885466 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mia Garlick, Creative Humbug? Bah the humbug, let’s get creative! By:Mia Garlick, Creative Commons, [http://www.indicare.org/tiki-print_article.php?articleId=124. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mia Garlick, A Review of Creative Commons and Science Commons , [http://www.educause.edu/content.asp?page_id=666&amp;amp;ID=ERM05510&amp;amp;bhcp=1. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrea Glorioso,  gravi (o presunti tali) problemi delle CC, (&amp;quot;The  severe (or  so  believed) problems of CC [licenses]&amp;quot;) [http://punto-informatico.it/p.aspx?id=1275360 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*H. Hietanen &amp;amp; V. Oksanen, (2005) Legal metadata, open content distribution and collecting societies. [http://www.hiit.fi/u/hietanen/docs/legal_metadata_open_content.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Klang (2005). The Digital Commons: Using Licenses to Promote Creativity, Proceedings of Ethicomp. [http://www.ituniv.se/~klang/web/pub/Klangethicomp.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mako-Hill Benjamin, Towards a Standard of Freedom: Creative Commons and the Free Software Movement, july 2005. [http://mako.cc/writing/toward_a_standard_of_freedom.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christiane Asschenfeldt, &amp;quot;Copyright and Licensing Issues—The International Commons.&amp;quot; In CERN Workshop Series on Innovations in Scholarly Communication: Implementing the Benefits of OAI (OAI3), 12 February-14 February 2004 at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva: CERN, 2004. [http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00000998/  link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Brian Fitzgerald, Brian, and Ian Oi, &amp;quot;Free Culture: Cultivating the Creative Commons.&amp;quot; (2004). [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/archive/00000122/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*N. Hendriks, (2004) Developing CC Licenses for Dutch Creatives. In Danièle Bourcier and Mélanie Dulong de Rosnay, editors, International Commons at the Digital Age, La création en partage, pages 19-32. Romillat, Paris, 2004. [http://creativecommons.fr/activite/publications/international-commons-at-the-digital-age/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Pawlo, (2004) What is the Meaning of Non-Commercial? in Bourcier D. &amp;amp; Dulong De Rosnay, M. (eds).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Välimäki, M. and H. Hietanen. (2004). The Challenges of Creative Commons Licensing, Computer Law Review, (06):172-177, Dec 2004. [http://www.hiit.fi/u/hietanen/docs/cri06-04_A_Vaelimaeki_Hietanen.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jonathan B. Weitzman, and Lawrence Lessig. &amp;quot;Open Access and Creative Common Sense.&amp;quot; Open Access Now, 10 May 2004. [http://www.biomedcentral.com/openaccess/archive/?page=features&amp;amp;issue=16 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2003===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Out of the Way: How the Next Copyright Revolution Can Help the Next Scientific Revolution.&amp;quot; PLoS Biology 1, no. 1 (2003): 30-31. [http://www.plosbiology.org/plosonline/?request=get-document&amp;amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0000009 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, The Creative Commons, RBL, Tokyo (2003). (No online link available at this time). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Barbara F. Schloman,&amp;quot;Creative Commons: An Opportunity to Extend the Public Domain.&amp;quot; Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13 October 2003. [http://www.nursingworld.org/ojin/infocol/info_12.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Gary Stix, &amp;quot;Some Rights Reserved.&amp;quot; Scientific American 288, no. 3 (2003): 46. [http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&amp;amp;colID=7&amp;amp;articleID=000C2691-4F88-1E40-89E0809EC588EEDF link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2002===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D.C.  Denison,  &amp;quot;For Creators, An Argument for Alienable Rights.&amp;quot; Boston Globe, 22 December 2002, E2. (No online link available at this time). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hal  Plotkin, &amp;quot;All Hail Creative Commons: Stanford Professor and Author Lawrence Lessig Plans a Legal Insurrection.&amp;quot; SFGate.com, 11 February 2002. [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/gate/archive/2002/02/11/creatcom.DTL link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Books &amp;amp; Book Chapters Related to CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Danièle Bourcier, Pompeu Casanovas, Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, Catharina Maracke (editors), (2010). Intelligent Multimedia. Sharing Creative Works in a Digital World, European Press Academic Publishing, Florence, June 2010, 412 p. ISBN: 9788883980633. [http://creativecommons.fr/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/CCiBook_printedversion_IntelligentMultimedia1.pdf link to pdf] - [http://www.e-p-a-p.com/publications/bookcard.php?isbn=9788883980633 link to table of contents]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper &amp;amp; Brian F. Fitzgerald  (2010) The use of Creative Commons licensing to enable open access to public sector information and publicly funded research results : an overview of recent Australian developments. In Bourcier, Danièle, Casanovas, Pompeu, Dulong de Rosnay, Mélanie, &amp;amp; Maracke, Catharina (Eds.) Intelligent Multimedia : Managing Creative Works in a Digital World. European Press Academic Publishing , pp. 151-174. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/34143/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Brian F. Fitzgerald  (Ed.) (2010) Access to public sector information : law, technology and policy. Sydney University Press, Sydney. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/34085/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Brian F. Fitzgerald &amp;amp; Neale Hooper  (2010) Enabling open access to public sector information with Creative Commons Licences : the Australian experience. In Access to Public Sector Information : Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy. Sydney University Press. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/29773/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald  (2010) Open access and public sector information : policy developments in Australia and key jurisdictions. In Access to Public Sector Information : Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy. Sydney University Press. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/31024/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
*Herkko Hietanen, The Pursuit of Efficient Copyright Licensing—How Some Rights Reserved Attempts to Solve the Problems of All Rights Reserved, PhD. Dissertation, 2008. [http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/42778/isbn9789522147219.pdf?sequence=2 Pdf-link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Yochai Benkler, (2006). The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300110561. [http://www.benkler.org/wealth_of_networks/index.php/Download_PDFs_of_the_book. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
*Eric von Hippel, (2005). Democratizing Innovation, Cambridge: MIT Press. ISBN 0262002744. [http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (2005). Free Culture: The Nature and Future of Creativity. New York: Penguin. ISBN 9780143034650. [http://www.free-culture.cc/freeculture.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kembrew McLeod, (2005). Freedom of Expression (R) : Overzealous Copyright Bozos and Other Enemies of Creativity. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0385513259. [http://www.kembrew.com/books/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Danièle Bourcier, Mélanie Dulong de Rosnay (editors), (2004). International Commons at the Digital Age/La création en partage. Paris: Editions Romillat. ISBN  2878940814. [http://creativecommons.fr/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/livre.pdf link to book pdf] - [http://creativecommons.fr/activite/publications/international-commons-at-the-digital-age/ link to table of contents] (NB. At the time this book was prepared, iCommons referred to the international licensing project currently known as Creative Commons International)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2001===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (2001). The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World. New York: Random House. ISBN 0375505784. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kembrew McLeod, (2001). Owning Culture: Authorship, Ownership, and Intellectual Property Law (Popular Culture and Everyday Life). New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 0820451576. [http://www.kembrew.com/books/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===1999===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (1999). Code, and Other Laws of Cyberspace. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 046503912X.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===1997===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*James Boyle (1997). Shamans, Software, and SpleensL Law and the Construction of the Information Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674805232.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Law Journal Articles about CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2011===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Herkko Hietanen, “Creative Commons Olympics. How Big Media is Learning to License From Amateur Authors” (2011) 2 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-2-1-2011/2963 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Catherine Jasserand, “Creative Commons licences and design: Are the two compatible?” (2011) 2 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-2-2-2011/3085 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cheryl Foong, &amp;quot;Open content licensing of public sector information and the risk of tortious liability for Australian Governments&amp;quot; (2010) 17(2) eLaw Journal, 23-49. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/42572/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Catharina Maracke “Creative Commons International: The International License Porting Project” (2010) 1 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-1-1-2010/2417 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Juan Sebastián Sereno Restrepo, &amp;quot;Contenido generado por usuarios (ugc), wikies y derecho de autor&amp;quot;. Revista la propiedad inmaterial, n. 14, 2010, págs. 209-260. [http://foros.uexternado.edu.co/ecoinstitucional/index.php/propin/article/viewFile/2480/2116 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2009===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Chen Shun-ling, “To Surpass or to Conform – What are Public Licenses For?”, University of Illinois Journal of Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy, Issue 1, 2009, 107–139.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Bas Bloemsaat &amp;amp; Pieter Kleve, ‘Creative Commons: A business model for products nobody wants to buy’ (2009) 23(3) International Review of Law, Computers &amp;amp; Technology 237&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Van Houweling, Molly Shaffer, &amp;quot;The New Servitudes&amp;quot; . Georgetown Law Journal, Forthcoming Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1028947&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2007===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Michael Carroll, “Creative Commons as Conversational Copyright,” Villanova Law/Public Policy Research Paper No. 2007-8, in Intellectual Property and Information Wealth: Issues and Practices in the Digital Age, YU Peter K. (Ed.), Vol. 1, New York: Praeger, 2007, 445–61. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=978813 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Jessica Coates, ‘Creative Commons - The Next Generation: Creative Commons licence use five years on’ (2007) 4 SCRIPT-ed (1) 72  [http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/ahrc/script-ed/vol4-1/coates.asp Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen Herkko, “A License or a Contract, Analyzing the Nature of Creative Commons Licenses,” NIR Nordiskt Immateriellt Rättsskydd (Nordic Intellectual Property Law Review), 2007/6, 76, 516–535. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=1029366 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Lydia Pallas Loren, &amp;quot;Building a Reliable Semicommons of Creative Works: Enforcement of Creative Commons Licenses and Limited Abandonment of Copyright&amp;quot; . George Mason Law Review, Vol. 14, p. 271, 2007 [http://ssrn.com/abstract=957939 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Rafael Sánchez Aristi, Las licencias creative commons: un análisis crítico desde el derecho español. Revista jurídica de deporte y entretenimiento: deportes, juegos de azar, entretenimiento y música, n. 19, 2007, págs. 417-445. [http://www.aranzadi.es/index.php/informacion-juridica/doctrina/civil/las-licencias-creative-commons-un-analisis-critico-desde-el-derecho-espanol link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael W. Carroll, ‘Creative Commons and the New Intermediaries’ (2006) 45 Michigan State Law Review [http://ssrn.com/abstract=782405 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Andrés Cuevas-Cardenas, Creative Commons: ¿Alternativa a la Propiedad Intelectual en Chile?, Alfa-Redi AR: Revista de Derecho Informático, n. 98, 2006 [http://www.alfa-redi.org/rdi-articulo.shtml?x=7195 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
* Séverine Dusollier, The Master's Tools v. The Master's House: Creative Commons v. Copyright, Columbia Journal of Law and the Arts, vol. 29, Spring 2006, p. 101.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Andres Guadamuz Gonzalez, Open Science: Open Source Licenses in Scientific Research, 7 N.C. J.L. &amp;amp; Tech. 321(2006).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Zachary Katz, Pitfalls of Open Licensing: An Analysis of Creative Commons Licensing, 46 IDEA 391 (2006).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Raquel Xalabarder Plantada, &amp;quot;Las licencias Creative Commons: ¿una alternativa al copyright?&amp;quot;. UOC Papers: revista sobre la sociedad del conocimiento, n. 2, 2006. [http://www.uoc.edu/uocpapers/2/dt/esp/xalabarder.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jerry Brito and Bridget Dooling, An Orphan Works Affirmative Defense to Copyright Infringement Actions, 12 Mich. Telecomm. Tech. L. Rev. 75 (2005) [http://www.mttlr.org/voltwelve/brito&amp;amp;dooling.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, What Contracts Cannot Do: The Limits of Private Ordering in Facilitiating A Creative Commons, 74 Fordham L. Rev. 375 (November 2005). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence B. Solum,Book Review : The Future of Copyright Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture and Control Creativity. By Lawrence Lessig, 83 Tex. L. Rev. 1137 (2005). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Matthew Dean Stratton, Will Lessig Succeed in Challenging the CTEA, Post-Eldred?, 15 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media &amp;amp; Ent. L.J. 893 (Spring, 2005).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Anupam  Chander and Sunder, Madhavi,  The Romance of the Public Domain, 92 Calif. L. Rev. 1331 (2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Commentary: The Creative Commons, 65 Mont. L. Rev. 1 (Winter, 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Free(ing) Culture for Remix, 2004 Utah L. Rev. 961 (2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Robert P. Merges, A New Dynamism in the Public Domain, 71 U. Chi. L. Rev. 183 (Winter 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Sprigman, Reform(aliz)ing Copyright,  57 Stan. L. Rev. 485 (November, 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2003===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jeffrey L. Harrison, Creativity or Commons: A Comment on Professor Lessig, 55 Fla. L. Rev. 795 (2003).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Dunwoody Distinguished Lecture in law: The Creative Commons, 55 Fla. L. Rev. 763 (2003).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Criticisms of/Debate About Creative Commons &amp;amp; CC-related issues==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Association Littéraire et Artistique Internationale (ALAI), MEMORANDUM ON CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSES, [http://www.alai-usa.org/Memo%20Creative%20Com%20Licences%20jg%20rev%2022%20jan.doc link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Australian Copyright Council, Information Sheet: Creative Commons Licenses, May 2006. [http://www.copyright.org.au/pdf/acc/infosheets_pdf/g094.pdf/download link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, &amp;quot;Creative Commons: A Skeptical View of a Worthy Pursuit&amp;quot; . THE FUTURE OF THE PUBLIC DOMAIN, P. Bernt Hugenholtz &amp;amp; Lucie Guibault, eds., Kluwer Law International, 2006 Available at SSRN: [http://ssrn.com/abstract=885466 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mihály Ficsor, &amp;quot;How Did We Arrive Here? The Evolution of Copyright Legislation (the End of?), [http://www.ebu.ch/CMSimages/en/B.1%20M.%20Ficsor_tcm6-43830.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Becky Hogge, &amp;quot;What Moves a Movement,&amp;quot; [http://www.opendemocracy.net/media-commons/movement_3686.jsp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) position on CC, [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/forms_and_guidelines/creative_commons.asp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D. M.  Berry, &amp;amp; Giles Moss, “On the ‘Creative Commons’: a critique of the commons without commonalty,” Free Software Magazine. No. 5., [http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/free_issues/issue_05/commons_without_commonality link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D. M.  Berry, &amp;amp; Giles Moss,&amp;quot;Libre Commons = Libre Culture + Radical Democracy. [http://www.noemalab.org/sections/ideas/ideas_articles/berry_moss_libre_commons.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Antonio Delgado, &amp;quot;Las 'Licencias Creative Commons'&amp;quot;, documento OMPI-SGAE/DA/ASU/05/15, [http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/lac/es/ompi_sgae_da_asu_05/ompi_sgae_da_asu_05_15.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*John C. Dvorak,“Creative Commons Humbug,” PC Magazine, [http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1838251,00.asp link], Dvorak's revised position on CC:  [http://www.joegratz.net/archives/2005/10/27/dvorak-recants-on-creative-commons-humbug/  link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Sarah Faulder, &amp;quot;What Creative Commons really means for writers,&amp;quot; [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/downloads/creative_commons_writers.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Michael Fitzgerald, &amp;quot;Copyleft Hits a Snag,&amp;quot; [http://www.technologyreview.com/read_article.aspx?id=16073&amp;amp;ch=infotech link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
*Benjamin Mako Hill, &amp;quot;Towards a Standard of Freedom: Creative Commons and the Free Software Movement,&amp;quot; [http://mako.cc/writing/toward_a_standard_of_freedom.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Geert Lovink and Ned Rossiter, &amp;quot;Dawn of the Organised Networks,&amp;quot; FibreCulture Journal Issue 5, [http://journal.fibreculture.org/issue5/lovink_rossiter.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance (MEAA)'s Media Release: &amp;quot;AFC provides no Sanctuary for Australian performers,&amp;quot; [http://modfilms.com/archives/doc/20050330_meaa_pressrelease.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Erik Möller, &amp;quot;The Case for Free Use: Reasons Not to Use a Creative Commons -NC License,&amp;quot; [http://intelligentdesigns.net/Licenses/NC link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Raymond Nimmer, “Open source license proliferation, a broader view,&amp;quot; [http://www.ipinfoblog.com/archives/licensing-law-issues-36-open-source-license-proliferation-a-broader-view.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrew Orlowski, “On Creativity, Computers and Copyright,&amp;quot; The Register. [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/07/21/creativity/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrew Orlowski, &amp;quot;The Commons Just Isn't Creative,&amp;quot; The Register. [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/08/29/creativity_computers_copyright_letters/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Emma Pike, &amp;quot;What you need to know about Creative Commons,&amp;quot; [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/downloads/creative_commons.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Emma Pike, &amp;quot;Let's be Clear about Creative Commons,&amp;quot; Sound Nation. [http://www.bmr.org/html/news/news55.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Evan Prodromou, &amp;quot;debian-legal Summary of Creative Commons 2.0 Licenses,&amp;quot; [http://people.debian.org/~evan/ccsummary.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Response of Australian Performing Rights Association (APRA) to Creative Commons International,  Regarding the Application of APRA for Authorization, [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+64474.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+64474.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729 link]&lt;br /&gt;
**Creative Commons International's First Submission: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+61451.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+61451.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729 link]&lt;br /&gt;
**Creative Commons Internationals' Second Submission: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+70075.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+70075.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729   link]&lt;br /&gt;
**filed as part of the Australian Competition &amp;amp; Consumer Commission's consideration of the Australian Performing Rights Association's application for Authorisation of its input &amp;amp; output arrangements. All documents can be found here: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/744728/display/submission. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Richard Stallman, Position on Creative Commons: [http://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/entry-20050920.html here] and [http://yro.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=06/02/07/1733220 here]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Péter Benjamin Tóth, “Creative Humbug: Personal feelings about the Creative Commons licenses,&amp;quot; [http://www.indicare.org/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=118 link]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Scholarship_and_critique_regarding_Creative_Commons&amp;diff=97247</id>
		<title>Scholarship and critique regarding Creative Commons</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Scholarship_and_critique_regarding_Creative_Commons&amp;diff=97247"/>
				<updated>2014-02-11T19:48:17Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;testThese articles and comments have been collected to represent the different views about Creative Commons and issues related to Creative Commons.  If you know of an article or comment that is not represented here, please add it, or suggest on the talk page.  Articles and comments that are suitable for inclusion here are those which somehow progress and contribute to the debate that surrounds CC &amp;amp; CC-related issues.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==General Articles and Comments Related to CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2013===&lt;br /&gt;
* Taylor &amp;amp; Francis / Routledge, March 2013. Open Access Survey Supplement 1: Regional and Subject Breakdowns&lt;br /&gt;
of Licence Preferences. [http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/explore/open-access-survey-supp1.pdf link (pdf)]&lt;br /&gt;
* Cammaerts, Bart; Mansell, Robin; Bingchun Meng, September 2013. Copyright &amp;amp; Creation: A Case for Promoting Inclusive Online Sharing. [http://www.lse.ac.uk/media@lse/documents/MPP/LSE-MPP-Policy-Brief-9-Copyright-and-Creation.pdf link (pdf)]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2012===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper, Cheryl Foong &amp;amp; Brian Fitzgerald, 'Open access to judgments: Creative Commons licences and the Australian courts' (2012) 19(1) ''Murdoch University Law Review'', p. 1. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/56078/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2011===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Botero, Carolina &amp;amp; Cerda, Alberto. Creative Commons en América Latina: Una perspectiva comparada, in e-colabora “Revista de ciencia, educación, innovación y cultura apoyadas por Redes de Tecnología Avanzada”, Colombia, vol. 1, n. 2, 2011, pp. 1 – 15. [http://publicaciones.renata.edu.co/index.php/RCEC/article/download/43/pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Bouchard, Paul. Las promesas de la red y sus implicaciones. Revista de Universidad y Sociedad del Conocimiento, RUSC, Vol. 8, n. 1, 2011, pp. 272-287. [http://rusc.uoc.edu/ojs/index.php/rusc/article/view/v8n1-bouchard/v8n1-bouchard link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Carroll MW , 2011 Why Full Open Access Matters. PLoS Biol 9(11): e1001210. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001210 [http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info:doi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001210 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper &amp;amp; Cheryl Foong, CC &amp;amp; Government Guide: Using Creative Commons 3.0 Australia Licences on Government Copyright Materials. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/38364/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Fewer, David.  Analysis of Share-Alike Obligations in Municipal Open Data Licenses. Canada: CIPPIC, 2011. [http://www.cippic.ca/sites/default/files/CIPPIC%20-%20Analysis%20of%20Share-alike%20Obligations.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hagedorn G, Mietchen D, Morris R, Agosti D, Penev L, Berendsohn W, Hobern D (2011) Creative Commons licenses and the non-commercial condition: Implications for the re-use of biodiversity information. ZooKeys 150: 127-149. [http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/2189/abstract/creative-commons-licenses-and-the-non-commercial-condition-implications-for-the-re-use-of-biodiversity-information link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen, Athukorala, Salovaara, What’s with the Free Images? A Study of Flickr’s Creative Commons Attribution Images, Mind Trek 2011.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kapur, Pranavakshar, Creative Commons: Impact on Indian Copyright Law, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha (GGSIP) University - Amity Law School, New Delhi, 2011. [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2047662 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Nevenka Antic, Srbija i Drustvo znanja (1-7) / Serbia and Knowledge Society (8-12), Scribd, 2011 [http://www.scribd.com/doc/55117315/Nevenka-Antic-Srbija-i-drustvo-znanja-Serbia-and-Knowledge-Society link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay. Creative Commons Licenses Legal Pitfalls: Incompatibilities and Solutions.  Amsterdam: Institute for Information Law/Creative Commons Nederland, 2010. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/101220cc_incompatibilityfinal.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald (2010) European Public Sector Information Platform Topic Report No. 13 - State of Play: PSI Reuse in Australia. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/33206/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald &amp;amp; Kylie M. Pappalardo, Creative Commons and Data. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/30130/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cheryl Foong (2010) Sharing with Creative Commons : a business model for content creators. Platform: Journal of Media and Communication, pp. 64-93. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/40800/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Paul Keller (Creative Commons Nederland) &amp;amp; Andy Zondervan (Buma/Stemra). Evaluation of the Creative Commons Buma/Stemra pilot. Amsterdam/Hoofddorp, Augustus 2010. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/100824evaluation_pilot_en.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*José Manuel Ruiz Gutiérrez, Crowdfunding y Creative Commons: Nuevos Modelos de Financiación y Propiedad Intelectual para la Producción y Distribución de Proyectos Audiovisuales. CDC Cuadernos de Comunicación, ISSN 1988-3153, Nº. 4, 2010, págs. 30-38. [http://cdc.escogranada.com/cdc/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/0404cc.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2009===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christina Angelopoulos. Creative Commons and Related Rights in Sound Recordings: Are the Two Systems Compatible? Amsterdam: Instituut voor Informatierecht, 2009. [http://www.creativecommons.nl/downloads/091201cc_sound_recordings.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Herkko Hietanen. Wikimedia Licensing Policy Change – A Conundrum, WIPO magazine November 2009 [http://www.wipo.int/wipo_magazine/en/2009/06/article_0004.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Bingchun Meng. Articulating a Chinese Commons: An Explorative Study of Creative Commons in China. 2009 [http://ijoc.org/ojs/index.php/ijoc/article/view/441 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Abelson Hal, Adida Ben, Linksvayer Mike, Yergler Nathan, ccREL: The Creative Commons Rights Expression Language, Communia First Workshop, Torino, January 2008. [http://www.communia-project.eu/node/79 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Dobusch Leonhard, Quack Sigrid, “Epistemic Communities and Social Movements: Transnational Dynamics in the Case of Creative Commons,” MPIfG (Max-Planck Institute for the Study of Societies), Discussion Paper 08/8. [http://www.mpifg.de/pu/dp_abstracts/dp08-8.asp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay. Check Your Data Freedom: Defining a Taxonomy for Access and Reuse of Life Science Data. Nature Precedings, July 2008. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npre.2008.2083.1 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2007===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M.M.M. van Eechoud &amp;amp; B. van der Wal, “Creative commons licensing for public sector information: Opportunities and pitfalls“, Institute for Information Law, 2007. [http://www.ivir.nl/publications/eechoud/CC_PublicSectorInformation_report_v3.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Mary Wai San Wong, ‘User-Generated Content &amp;amp; the Open Source/Creative Common Movements: Has the Time Come for Users' Rights?’ (2007) [http://ssrn.com/abstract=1022395 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, Creative Commons: licencias de contenido abierto para regular trabajos creativos, in Revista de la Asociación de Técnicos de Informática, n. 181, 2006, pp. 28-30. [http://www.ati.es/novatica/2006/181/181-28.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons Submission in response to the Questions for online consultation released in conjunction with the i2010 Digital Libraries Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions [SEC(2005) 1195].   [http://europa.eu.int/information_society/activities/digital_libraries/consultation/replies/consult_results/cc_a302994.pdf   link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Digital Rights Management: Report of an Inquiry by the All Party Internet Group [http://www.apig.org.uk/current-activities/apig-inquiry-into-digital-rights-management/DRMreport.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Klang. Informational Commons: On creativity, copyright &amp;amp; licenses, Proceedings of European Conference on Information Systems, Göteborg.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen Herkko, Dulong de Rosnay Melanie, « Legal Metadata for Semantic Web Applications: Case Creative Commons », Symposium on Digital Semantic Content across Cultures, Paris, the Louvre, May 2006. [http://www.seco.tkk.fi/events/2006/2006-05-04-websemantique/presentations/articles/hietanen-DulongdeRosnay-Legal-Metadata-for-Semantic-Web-Applications.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Remix World: towards a global digital commons [http://www.opendemocracy.net/arts-commons/issue.jsp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*A. Rens,  Managing Risk and Opportunity in Creative Commons Enterprises, First Monday, volume 11, number 6 (June 2006) [http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue11_6/rens/index.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Wikipedia Entry on Creative Commons [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_commons link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Kimberlee G. Weatherall, ‘Would you ''ever'' recommend a Creative Commons license?’(2006) Australasian Intellectual Property Resources [http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/other/AIPLRes/2006/4.html Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Barker Ed, Duncan Charles, Guadamuz Andres, Hatcher Jordan, Waelde Charlotte, The Common Information Environment and Creative Commons. Final Report to the Common Information Environment Members of a study on the applicability of Creative Commons Licences, 10 October 2005, [http://www.intrallect.com/index.php/intrallect/content/download/632/2631/file/CIE_CC_Final_Report.pdf Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons comments as part of WIPO Online Forum on Intellectual Property and Information Society, Theme Two: The intellectual property system and freedom of expression and creativity. [http://www.wipo.int/roller/comments/ipisforum/Weblog/theme_two_the_intellectual_property#comment50 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Creative Commons comments as part of WIPO Online Forum on Intellectual Property and Information Society,  Theme Three: The public domain and open access models of information creation: at odds with the intellectual property system or enabled by it? [http://www.wipo.int/roller/comments/ipisforum/Weblog/theme_three_the_public_domain#comment53 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, Creative Commons: A Skeptical View of a Worthy Pursuit, in Hugenholtz P. Bernt &amp;amp; Guibault Lucie (eds.), The Future of the Public Domain, Kluwer Law International, 2006. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=885466 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mia Garlick, Creative Humbug? Bah the humbug, let’s get creative! By:Mia Garlick, Creative Commons, [http://www.indicare.org/tiki-print_article.php?articleId=124. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mia Garlick, A Review of Creative Commons and Science Commons , [http://www.educause.edu/content.asp?page_id=666&amp;amp;ID=ERM05510&amp;amp;bhcp=1. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrea Glorioso,  gravi (o presunti tali) problemi delle CC, (&amp;quot;The  severe (or  so  believed) problems of CC [licenses]&amp;quot;) [http://punto-informatico.it/p.aspx?id=1275360 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*H. Hietanen &amp;amp; V. Oksanen, (2005) Legal metadata, open content distribution and collecting societies. [http://www.hiit.fi/u/hietanen/docs/legal_metadata_open_content.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Klang (2005). The Digital Commons: Using Licenses to Promote Creativity, Proceedings of Ethicomp. [http://www.ituniv.se/~klang/web/pub/Klangethicomp.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mako-Hill Benjamin, Towards a Standard of Freedom: Creative Commons and the Free Software Movement, july 2005. [http://mako.cc/writing/toward_a_standard_of_freedom.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christiane Asschenfeldt, &amp;quot;Copyright and Licensing Issues—The International Commons.&amp;quot; In CERN Workshop Series on Innovations in Scholarly Communication: Implementing the Benefits of OAI (OAI3), 12 February-14 February 2004 at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva: CERN, 2004. [http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00000998/  link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Brian Fitzgerald, Brian, and Ian Oi, &amp;quot;Free Culture: Cultivating the Creative Commons.&amp;quot; (2004). [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/archive/00000122/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*N. Hendriks, (2004) Developing CC Licenses for Dutch Creatives. In Danièle Bourcier and Mélanie Dulong de Rosnay, editors, International Commons at the Digital Age, La création en partage, pages 19-32. Romillat, Paris, 2004. [http://creativecommons.fr/activite/publications/international-commons-at-the-digital-age/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Pawlo, (2004) What is the Meaning of Non-Commercial? in Bourcier D. &amp;amp; Dulong De Rosnay, M. (eds).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*M. Välimäki, M. and H. Hietanen. (2004). The Challenges of Creative Commons Licensing, Computer Law Review, (06):172-177, Dec 2004. [http://www.hiit.fi/u/hietanen/docs/cri06-04_A_Vaelimaeki_Hietanen.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jonathan B. Weitzman, and Lawrence Lessig. &amp;quot;Open Access and Creative Common Sense.&amp;quot; Open Access Now, 10 May 2004. [http://www.biomedcentral.com/openaccess/archive/?page=features&amp;amp;issue=16 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2003===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Out of the Way: How the Next Copyright Revolution Can Help the Next Scientific Revolution.&amp;quot; PLoS Biology 1, no. 1 (2003): 30-31. [http://www.plosbiology.org/plosonline/?request=get-document&amp;amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0000009 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, The Creative Commons, RBL, Tokyo (2003). (No online link available at this time). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Barbara F. Schloman,&amp;quot;Creative Commons: An Opportunity to Extend the Public Domain.&amp;quot; Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 13 October 2003. [http://www.nursingworld.org/ojin/infocol/info_12.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Gary Stix, &amp;quot;Some Rights Reserved.&amp;quot; Scientific American 288, no. 3 (2003): 46. [http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&amp;amp;colID=7&amp;amp;articleID=000C2691-4F88-1E40-89E0809EC588EEDF link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2002===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D.C.  Denison,  &amp;quot;For Creators, An Argument for Alienable Rights.&amp;quot; Boston Globe, 22 December 2002, E2. (No online link available at this time). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hal  Plotkin, &amp;quot;All Hail Creative Commons: Stanford Professor and Author Lawrence Lessig Plans a Legal Insurrection.&amp;quot; SFGate.com, 11 February 2002. [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/gate/archive/2002/02/11/creatcom.DTL link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Books &amp;amp; Book Chapters Related to CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Danièle Bourcier, Pompeu Casanovas, Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, Catharina Maracke (editors), (2010). Intelligent Multimedia. Sharing Creative Works in a Digital World, European Press Academic Publishing, Florence, June 2010, 412 p. ISBN: 9788883980633. [http://creativecommons.fr/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/CCiBook_printedversion_IntelligentMultimedia1.pdf link to pdf] - [http://www.e-p-a-p.com/publications/bookcard.php?isbn=9788883980633 link to table of contents]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Neale Hooper &amp;amp; Brian F. Fitzgerald  (2010) The use of Creative Commons licensing to enable open access to public sector information and publicly funded research results : an overview of recent Australian developments. In Bourcier, Danièle, Casanovas, Pompeu, Dulong de Rosnay, Mélanie, &amp;amp; Maracke, Catharina (Eds.) Intelligent Multimedia : Managing Creative Works in a Digital World. European Press Academic Publishing , pp. 151-174. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/34143/ link] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Brian F. Fitzgerald  (Ed.) (2010) Access to public sector information : law, technology and policy. Sydney University Press, Sydney. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/34085/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald, Brian F. Fitzgerald &amp;amp; Neale Hooper  (2010) Enabling open access to public sector information with Creative Commons Licences : the Australian experience. In Access to Public Sector Information : Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy. Sydney University Press. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/29773/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Anne M. Fitzgerald  (2010) Open access and public sector information : policy developments in Australia and key jurisdictions. In Access to Public Sector Information : Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy. Sydney University Press. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/31024/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
*Herkko Hietanen, The Pursuit of Efficient Copyright Licensing—How Some Rights Reserved Attempts to Solve the Problems of All Rights Reserved, PhD. Dissertation, 2008. [http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/42778/isbn9789522147219.pdf?sequence=2 Pdf-link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Yochai Benkler, (2006). The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300110561. [http://www.benkler.org/wealth_of_networks/index.php/Download_PDFs_of_the_book. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
*Eric von Hippel, (2005). Democratizing Innovation, Cambridge: MIT Press. ISBN 0262002744. [http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (2005). Free Culture: The Nature and Future of Creativity. New York: Penguin. ISBN 9780143034650. [http://www.free-culture.cc/freeculture.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kembrew McLeod, (2005). Freedom of Expression (R) : Overzealous Copyright Bozos and Other Enemies of Creativity. New York: Doubleday. ISBN 0385513259. [http://www.kembrew.com/books/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Danièle Bourcier, Mélanie Dulong de Rosnay (editors), (2004). International Commons at the Digital Age/La création en partage. Paris: Editions Romillat. ISBN  2878940814. [http://creativecommons.fr/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/livre.pdf link to book pdf] - [http://creativecommons.fr/activite/publications/international-commons-at-the-digital-age/ link to table of contents] (NB. At the time this book was prepared, iCommons referred to the international licensing project currently known as Creative Commons International)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2001===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (2001). The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World. New York: Random House. ISBN 0375505784. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Kembrew McLeod, (2001). Owning Culture: Authorship, Ownership, and Intellectual Property Law (Popular Culture and Everyday Life). New York: Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN 0820451576. [http://www.kembrew.com/books/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===1999===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, (1999). Code, and Other Laws of Cyberspace. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 046503912X.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===1997===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*James Boyle (1997). Shamans, Software, and SpleensL Law and the Construction of the Information Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674805232.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Law Journal Articles about CC and CC Related Topics==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2011===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Herkko Hietanen, “Creative Commons Olympics. How Big Media is Learning to License From Amateur Authors” (2011) 2 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-2-1-2011/2963 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Catherine Jasserand, “Creative Commons licences and design: Are the two compatible?” (2011) 2 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-2-2-2011/3085 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2010===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Cheryl Foong, &amp;quot;Open content licensing of public sector information and the risk of tortious liability for Australian Governments&amp;quot; (2010) 17(2) eLaw Journal, 23-49. [http://eprints.qut.edu.au/42572/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Catharina Maracke “Creative Commons International: The International License Porting Project” (2010) 1 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law [http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-1-1-2010/2417 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Juan Sebastián Sereno Restrepo, &amp;quot;Contenido generado por usuarios (ugc), wikies y derecho de autor&amp;quot;. Revista la propiedad inmaterial, n. 14, 2010, págs. 209-260. [http://foros.uexternado.edu.co/ecoinstitucional/index.php/propin/article/viewFile/2480/2116 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2009===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Chen Shun-ling, “To Surpass or to Conform – What are Public Licenses For?”, University of Illinois Journal of Law, Technology &amp;amp; Policy, Issue 1, 2009, 107–139.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Bas Bloemsaat &amp;amp; Pieter Kleve, ‘Creative Commons: A business model for products nobody wants to buy’ (2009) 23(3) International Review of Law, Computers &amp;amp; Technology 237&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2008===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Van Houweling, Molly Shaffer, &amp;quot;The New Servitudes&amp;quot; . Georgetown Law Journal, Forthcoming Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1028947&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2007===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Michael Carroll, “Creative Commons as Conversational Copyright,” Villanova Law/Public Policy Research Paper No. 2007-8, in Intellectual Property and Information Wealth: Issues and Practices in the Digital Age, YU Peter K. (Ed.), Vol. 1, New York: Praeger, 2007, 445–61. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=978813 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Jessica Coates, ‘Creative Commons - The Next Generation: Creative Commons licence use five years on’ (2007) 4 SCRIPT-ed (1) 72  [http://www.law.ed.ac.uk/ahrc/script-ed/vol4-1/coates.asp Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Hietanen Herkko, “A License or a Contract, Analyzing the Nature of Creative Commons Licenses,” NIR Nordiskt Immateriellt Rättsskydd (Nordic Intellectual Property Law Review), 2007/6, 76, 516–535. [http://ssrn.com/abstract=1029366 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Lydia Pallas Loren, &amp;quot;Building a Reliable Semicommons of Creative Works: Enforcement of Creative Commons Licenses and Limited Abandonment of Copyright&amp;quot; . George Mason Law Review, Vol. 14, p. 271, 2007 [http://ssrn.com/abstract=957939 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Rafael Sánchez Aristi, Las licencias creative commons: un análisis crítico desde el derecho español. Revista jurídica de deporte y entretenimiento: deportes, juegos de azar, entretenimiento y música, n. 19, 2007, págs. 417-445. [http://www.aranzadi.es/index.php/informacion-juridica/doctrina/civil/las-licencias-creative-commons-un-analisis-critico-desde-el-derecho-espanol link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Michael W. Carroll, ‘Creative Commons and the New Intermediaries’ (2006) 45 Michigan State Law Review [http://ssrn.com/abstract=782405 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Andrés Cuevas-Cardenas, Creative Commons: ¿Alternativa a la Propiedad Intelectual en Chile?, Alfa-Redi AR: Revista de Derecho Informático, n. 98, 2006 [http://www.alfa-redi.org/rdi-articulo.shtml?x=7195 Link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
* Séverine Dusollier, The Master's Tools v. The Master's House: Creative Commons v. Copyright, Columbia Journal of Law and the Arts, vol. 29, Spring 2006, p. 101.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Andres Guadamuz Gonzalez, Open Science: Open Source Licenses in Scientific Research, 7 N.C. J.L. &amp;amp; Tech. 321(2006).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Zachary Katz, Pitfalls of Open Licensing: An Analysis of Creative Commons Licensing, 46 IDEA 391 (2006).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Raquel Xalabarder Plantada, &amp;quot;Las licencias Creative Commons: ¿una alternativa al copyright?&amp;quot;. UOC Papers: revista sobre la sociedad del conocimiento, n. 2, 2006. [http://www.uoc.edu/uocpapers/2/dt/esp/xalabarder.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jerry Brito and Bridget Dooling, An Orphan Works Affirmative Defense to Copyright Infringement Actions, 12 Mich. Telecomm. Tech. L. Rev. 75 (2005) [http://www.mttlr.org/voltwelve/brito&amp;amp;dooling.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, What Contracts Cannot Do: The Limits of Private Ordering in Facilitiating A Creative Commons, 74 Fordham L. Rev. 375 (November 2005). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence B. Solum,Book Review : The Future of Copyright Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture and Control Creativity. By Lawrence Lessig, 83 Tex. L. Rev. 1137 (2005). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Matthew Dean Stratton, Will Lessig Succeed in Challenging the CTEA, Post-Eldred?, 15 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media &amp;amp; Ent. L.J. 893 (Spring, 2005).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2004===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Anupam  Chander and Sunder, Madhavi,  The Romance of the Public Domain, 92 Calif. L. Rev. 1331 (2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Commentary: The Creative Commons, 65 Mont. L. Rev. 1 (Winter, 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Free(ing) Culture for Remix, 2004 Utah L. Rev. 961 (2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Robert P. Merges, A New Dynamism in the Public Domain, 71 U. Chi. L. Rev. 183 (Winter 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Christopher Sprigman, Reform(aliz)ing Copyright,  57 Stan. L. Rev. 485 (November, 2004).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2003===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Jeffrey L. Harrison, Creativity or Commons: A Comment on Professor Lessig, 55 Fla. L. Rev. 795 (2003).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Lawrence Lessig, Dunwoody Distinguished Lecture in law: The Creative Commons, 55 Fla. L. Rev. 763 (2003).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Criticisms of/Debate About Creative Commons &amp;amp; CC-related issues==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2006===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Association Littéraire et Artistique Internationale (ALAI), MEMORANDUM ON CREATIVE COMMONS LICENSES, [http://www.alai-usa.org/Memo%20Creative%20Com%20Licences%20jg%20rev%2022%20jan.doc link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Australian Copyright Council, Information Sheet: Creative Commons Licenses, May 2006. [http://www.copyright.org.au/pdf/acc/infosheets_pdf/g094.pdf/download link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Niva Elkin-Koren, &amp;quot;Creative Commons: A Skeptical View of a Worthy Pursuit&amp;quot; . THE FUTURE OF THE PUBLIC DOMAIN, P. Bernt Hugenholtz &amp;amp; Lucie Guibault, eds., Kluwer Law International, 2006 Available at SSRN: [http://ssrn.com/abstract=885466 link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Mihály Ficsor, &amp;quot;How Did We Arrive Here? The Evolution of Copyright Legislation (the End of?), [http://www.ebu.ch/CMSimages/en/B.1%20M.%20Ficsor_tcm6-43830.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Becky Hogge, &amp;quot;What Moves a Movement,&amp;quot; [http://www.opendemocracy.net/media-commons/movement_3686.jsp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===2005===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) position on CC, [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/forms_and_guidelines/creative_commons.asp link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D. M.  Berry, &amp;amp; Giles Moss, “On the ‘Creative Commons’: a critique of the commons without commonalty,” Free Software Magazine. No. 5., [http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/free_issues/issue_05/commons_without_commonality link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*D. M.  Berry, &amp;amp; Giles Moss,&amp;quot;Libre Commons = Libre Culture + Radical Democracy. [http://www.noemalab.org/sections/ideas/ideas_articles/berry_moss_libre_commons.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Antonio Delgado, &amp;quot;Las 'Licencias Creative Commons'&amp;quot;, documento OMPI-SGAE/DA/ASU/05/15, [http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/lac/es/ompi_sgae_da_asu_05/ompi_sgae_da_asu_05_15.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*John C. Dvorak,“Creative Commons Humbug,” PC Magazine, [http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,1838251,00.asp link], Dvorak's revised position on CC:  [http://www.joegratz.net/archives/2005/10/27/dvorak-recants-on-creative-commons-humbug/  link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Sarah Faulder, &amp;quot;What Creative Commons really means for writers,&amp;quot; [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/downloads/creative_commons_writers.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Michael Fitzgerald, &amp;quot;Copyleft Hits a Snag,&amp;quot; [http://www.technologyreview.com/read_article.aspx?id=16073&amp;amp;ch=infotech link]&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
*Benjamin Mako Hill, &amp;quot;Towards a Standard of Freedom: Creative Commons and the Free Software Movement,&amp;quot; [http://mako.cc/writing/toward_a_standard_of_freedom.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Geert Lovink and Ned Rossiter, &amp;quot;Dawn of the Organised Networks,&amp;quot; FibreCulture Journal Issue 5, [http://journal.fibreculture.org/issue5/lovink_rossiter.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance (MEAA)'s Media Release: &amp;quot;AFC provides no Sanctuary for Australian performers,&amp;quot; [http://modfilms.com/archives/doc/20050330_meaa_pressrelease.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Erik Möller, &amp;quot;The Case for Free Use: Reasons Not to Use a Creative Commons -NC License,&amp;quot; [http://intelligentdesigns.net/Licenses/NC link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Raymond Nimmer, “Open source license proliferation, a broader view,&amp;quot; [http://www.ipinfoblog.com/archives/licensing-law-issues-36-open-source-license-proliferation-a-broader-view.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrew Orlowski, “On Creativity, Computers and Copyright,&amp;quot; The Register. [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/07/21/creativity/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Andrew Orlowski, &amp;quot;The Commons Just Isn't Creative,&amp;quot; The Register. [http://www.theregister.co.uk/2005/08/29/creativity_computers_copyright_letters/ link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Emma Pike, &amp;quot;What you need to know about Creative Commons,&amp;quot; [http://www.apra.com.au/writers/downloads/creative_commons.pdf link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Emma Pike, &amp;quot;Let's be Clear about Creative Commons,&amp;quot; Sound Nation. [http://www.bmr.org/html/news/news55.htm link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Evan Prodromou, &amp;quot;debian-legal Summary of Creative Commons 2.0 Licenses,&amp;quot; [http://people.debian.org/~evan/ccsummary.html link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Response of Australian Performing Rights Association (APRA) to Creative Commons International,  Regarding the Application of APRA for Authorization, [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+64474.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+64474.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729 link]&lt;br /&gt;
**Creative Commons International's First Submission: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+61451.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+61451.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729 link]&lt;br /&gt;
**Creative Commons Internationals' Second Submission: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/trimFile.phtml?trimFileName=D05+70075.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileTitle=D05+70075.pdf&amp;amp;trimFileFromVersionId=744729   link]&lt;br /&gt;
**filed as part of the Australian Competition &amp;amp; Consumer Commission's consideration of the Australian Performing Rights Association's application for Authorisation of its input &amp;amp; output arrangements. All documents can be found here: [http://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/744728/display/submission. link]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Richard Stallman, Position on Creative Commons: [http://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/entry-20050920.html here] and [http://yro.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=06/02/07/1733220 here]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Péter Benjamin Tóth, “Creative Humbug: Personal feelings about the Creative Commons licenses,&amp;quot; [http://www.indicare.org/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=118 link]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=97161</id>
		<title>Websites/creativecommons.org</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=97161"/>
				<updated>2014-02-07T06:55:23Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The [https://creativecommons.org creativecommons.org] site is our main website, which has significant traffic (.5m/month).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because the site has many internal components that must inter-operate correctly for the site to function, and also due to the traffic load, the site must be carefully updated in a coordinated way. We have developed a weekly release schedule with different stages for development, localization, and QA, which you can read about below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Release Schedule =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All times in Pacific Time (GMT-8 or GMT-7, depending on daylight savings).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The release schedule repeats these stages weekly:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Development&lt;br /&gt;
: Beginning with the Tuesday morning push, the source tree is re-opened for changes. Approved patches (changes) may be committed until the tree closes on Thursday night.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;String Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
: At the end of Thursday (midnight Friday) the source tree enters a '''string freeze'''. This means that no changes are allowed which would modify or add strings marked for localization. This allows our translators 3 full days (including the weekend) to work on translations.&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes which modify/add strings '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Full Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
:On Sunday night (midnight Monday) the source tree is locked down, and no changes are allowed. This gives us one day where we can QA the site by using the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site, before releasing it to production on Tuesday morning&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that changes to the production site happen only on Tuesday mornings. '''No changes''' are pushed to the live site at any other time, with the exception of emergency situations or any pre-approved releases (at the discretion of the module owner).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, changes can always (and often should) land on branches with which we can launch temporary servers for public testing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Sources =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sources for the creativecommons.org site are available on [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org GitHub]. Proposed changes can be submitted as pull requests to the appropriate module(s).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Editing Guide =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We've developed a [https://docs.google.com/a/creativecommons.org/document/d/1SJnLpEYR_Z6MlSSdCTDzW_ZIh3msvrCw3uZKUnLCd8c/edit#heading=h.87xn7dh4juh0 guide] explaining how to edit the website, step by step (assumes you have the necessary permissions to do so).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Issues =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All issues, including both bugs (problems) as well as desired changes must be reported on the [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org/issues GitHub issue tracker]. In case of emergency, please also email [mailto:webmaster@creativecommons.org webmaster@creativecommons.org].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Issues are evaluated at the weekly triage meeting, where we decide what we will work on, and in what order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Localization =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
String localization is done on [https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/CC/resource/deeds-choosers/ Transifex]. Please contact a team member if you need to get set-up.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Strings are automatically updated every 15 minutes during the time the tree is open, from Tuesday morning (after the push to production) until the end of the string freeze on Sunday night. These changes are visible for testing on the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96438</id>
		<title>Websites/creativecommons.org</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96438"/>
				<updated>2013-12-03T22:08:21Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: /* Issues */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The [https://creativecommons.org creativecommons.org] site is our main website, which has significant traffic (.5m/month).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because the site has many internal components that must inter-operate correctly for the site to function, and also due to the traffic load, the site must be carefully updated in a coordinated way. We have developed a weekly release schedule with different stages for development, localization, and QA, which you can read about below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Release Schedule =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All times in Pacific Time (GMT-8 or GMT-7, depending on daylight savings).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The release schedule repeats these stages weekly:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Development&lt;br /&gt;
: Beginning with the Tuesday morning push, the source tree is re-opened for changes. Approved patches (changes) may be committed until the tree closes on Thursday night.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;String Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
: At the end of Thursday (midnight Friday) the source tree enters a '''string freeze'''. This means that no changes are allowed which would modify or add strings marked for localization. This allows our translators 3 full days (including the weekend) to work on translations.&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes which modify/add strings '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Full Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
:On Sunday night (midnight Monday) the source tree is locked down, and no changes are allowed. This gives us one day where we can QA the site by using the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site, before releasing it to production on Tuesday morning&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that changes to the production site happen only on Tuesday mornings. '''No changes''' are pushed to the live site at any other time, with the exception of emergency situations or any pre-approved releases (at the discretion of the module owner).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, changes can always (and often should) land on branches with which we can launch temporary servers for public testing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Sources =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sources for the creativecommons.org site are available on [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org GitHub]. Proposed changes can be submitted as pull requests to the appropriate module(s).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Issues =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All issues, including both bugs (problems) as well as desired changes must be reported on the [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org/issues GitHub issue tracker]. In case of emergency, please also email [mailto:webmaster@creativecommons.org webmaster@creativecommons.org].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Issues are evaluated at the weekly triage meeting, where we decide what we will work on, and in what order.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Localization =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
String localization is done on [https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/CC/resource/deeds-choosers/ Transifex]. Please contact a team member if you need to get set-up.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Strings are automatically updated every 15 minutes during the time the tree is open, from Tuesday morning (after the push to production) until the end of the string freeze on Sunday night. These changes are visible for testing on the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96437</id>
		<title>Websites/creativecommons.org</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96437"/>
				<updated>2013-12-03T22:04:11Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: /* Issues */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The [https://creativecommons.org creativecommons.org] site is our main website, which has significant traffic (.5m/month).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because the site has many internal components that must inter-operate correctly for the site to function, and also due to the traffic load, the site must be carefully updated in a coordinated way. We have developed a weekly release schedule with different stages for development, localization, and QA, which you can read about below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Release Schedule =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All times in Pacific Time (GMT-8 or GMT-7, depending on daylight savings).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The release schedule repeats these stages weekly:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Development&lt;br /&gt;
: Beginning with the Tuesday morning push, the source tree is re-opened for changes. Approved patches (changes) may be committed until the tree closes on Thursday night.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;String Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
: At the end of Thursday (midnight Friday) the source tree enters a '''string freeze'''. This means that no changes are allowed which would modify or add strings marked for localization. This allows our translators 3 full days (including the weekend) to work on translations.&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes which modify/add strings '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Full Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
:On Sunday night (midnight Monday) the source tree is locked down, and no changes are allowed. This gives us one day where we can QA the site by using the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site, before releasing it to production on Tuesday morning&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that changes to the production site happen only on Tuesday mornings. '''No changes''' are pushed to the live site at any other time, with the exception of emergency situations or any pre-approved releases (at the discretion of the module owner).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, changes can always (and often should) land on branches with which we can launch temporary servers for public testing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Sources =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sources for the creativecommons.org site are available on [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org GitHub]. Proposed changes can be submitted as pull requests to the appropriate module(s).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Issues =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All issues, including both bugs (problems) as well as desired changes must be reported on the [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org/issues GitHub issue tracker]. In case of emergency, please also email [mailto:webmaster@creativecommons.org webmaster@creativecommons.org].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Localization =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
String localization is done on [https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/CC/resource/deeds-choosers/ Transifex]. Please contact a team member if you need to get set-up.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Strings are automatically updated every 15 minutes during the time the tree is open, from Tuesday morning (after the push to production) until the end of the string freeze on Sunday night. These changes are visible for testing on the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96436</id>
		<title>Websites/creativecommons.org</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96436"/>
				<updated>2013-12-03T21:58:53Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The [https://creativecommons.org creativecommons.org] site is our main website, which has significant traffic (.5m/month).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because the site has many internal components that must inter-operate correctly for the site to function, and also due to the traffic load, the site must be carefully updated in a coordinated way. We have developed a weekly release schedule with different stages for development, localization, and QA, which you can read about below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Release Schedule =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All times in Pacific Time (GMT-8 or GMT-7, depending on daylight savings).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The release schedule repeats these stages weekly:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Development&lt;br /&gt;
: Beginning with the Tuesday morning push, the source tree is re-opened for changes. Approved patches (changes) may be committed until the tree closes on Thursday night.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;String Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
: At the end of Thursday (midnight Friday) the source tree enters a '''string freeze'''. This means that no changes are allowed which would modify or add strings marked for localization. This allows our translators 3 full days (including the weekend) to work on translations.&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes which modify/add strings '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Full Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
:On Sunday night (midnight Monday) the source tree is locked down, and no changes are allowed. This gives us one day where we can QA the site by using the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site, before releasing it to production on Tuesday morning&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that changes to the production site happen only on Tuesday mornings. '''No changes''' are pushed to the live site at any other time, with the exception of emergency situations or any pre-approved releases (at the discretion of the module owner).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, changes can always (and often should) land on branches with which we can launch temporary servers for public testing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Sources =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sources for the creativecommons.org site are available on [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org GitHub]. Proposed changes can be submitted as pull requests to the appropriate module(s).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Issues =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Issues with creativecommons.org can be reported on the [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org/issues GitHub issue tracker]. In case of emergency, please also email [mailto:webmaster@creativecommons.org webmaster@creativecommons.org].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Localization =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
String localization is done on [https://www.transifex.com/projects/p/CC/resource/deeds-choosers/ Transifex]. Please contact a team member if you need to get set-up.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Strings are automatically updated every 15 minutes during the time the tree is open, from Tuesday morning (after the push to production) until the end of the string freeze on Sunday night. These changes are visible for testing on the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96435</id>
		<title>Websites/creativecommons.org</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96435"/>
				<updated>2013-12-03T21:50:58Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The [https://creativecommons.org creativecommons.org] site is our main website, which has significant traffic (.5m/month).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because the site has many internal components that must inter-operate correctly for the site to function, and also due to the traffic load, the site must be carefully updated in a coordinated way. We have developed a weekly release schedule with different stages for development, localization, and QA, which you can read about below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Release Schedule =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All times in Pacific Time (GMT-8 or GMT-7, depending on daylight savings).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The release schedule repeats these stages weekly:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Development&lt;br /&gt;
: Beginning with the Tuesday morning push, the source tree is re-opened for changes. Approved patches (changes) may be committed until the tree closes on Thursday night.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;String Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
: At the end of Thursday (midnight Friday) the source tree enters a '''string freeze'''. This means that no changes are allowed which would modify or add strings marked for localization. This allows our translators 3 full days (including the weekend) to work on translations.&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes which modify/add strings '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Full Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
:On Sunday night (midnight Monday) the source tree is locked down, and no changes are allowed. This gives us one day where we can QA the site by using the [https://staging.creativecommons.org staging] site, before releasing it to production on Tuesday morning&lt;br /&gt;
:Changes '''may''' land on a branch which can be merged at a later date (for a future release).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that changes to the production site happen only on Tuesday mornings. '''No changes''' are pushed to the live site at any other time, with the exception of emergency situations or any pre-approved releases (at the discretion of the module owner).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, changes can always (and often should) land on branches with which we can launch temporary servers for public testing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Sources =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sources for the creativecommons.org site are available on [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org GitHub]. Proposed changes can be submitted as pull requests to the appropriate module(s).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Issues =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Issues with creativecommons.org can be reported on the [https://github.com/creativecommons/creativecommons.org/issues GitHub issue tracker]. In case of emergency, please also email [mailto:webmaster@creativecommons.org webmaster@creativecommons.org].&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96434</id>
		<title>Websites/creativecommons.org</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96434"/>
				<updated>2013-12-03T21:37:42Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The [creativecommons.org] site is our main website, which has significant traffic (.5m/month).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because the site has many internal components that must inter-operate correctly for the site to function, and also due to the traffic load, the site must be carefully updated in a coordinated way. We have developed a weekly release schedule with different stages for development, localization, and QA, which you can read about below.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Release Schedule =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All times in Pacific Time (GMT-8 or GMT-7, depending on daylight savings).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The release schedule repeats these stages weekly:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Development&lt;br /&gt;
: Beginning with the Tuesday morning push, the source tree is re-opened for changes. Approved patches (changes) may be committed until the tree closes on Thursday night.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;String Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
: At the end of Thursday the source tree enters a '''string freeze'''. This means that no changes are allowed which would modify or add strings marked for localization. This allows our translators 3 full days (including the weekend) to work on translations. Exceptions to the string freeze are at the discretion of the module owner, but generally not granted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Full Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
:On Sunday night the source tree is locked down, and no changes are allowed. This gives us one day where we can QA the site before releasing it to production on Tuesday morning&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that changes to the production site happen '''only''' on Tuesday mornings. '''No changes''' are pushed to the live site at any other time, with the exception of emergency situations or any pre-approved releases (at the discretion of the module owner).&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96433</id>
		<title>Websites/creativecommons.org</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Websites/creativecommons.org&amp;diff=96433"/>
				<updated>2013-12-03T21:33:52Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Created page with &amp;quot;creativecommons.org is our main website, and has many internal components that must inter-operate correctly for the site to function. The site has significant traffic (.5m/mon...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;creativecommons.org is our main website, and has many internal components that must inter-operate correctly for the site to function. The site has significant traffic (.5m/month), and so the site must be correctly tuned to withstand the load.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
= Release Schedule =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All times in Pacific Time (GMT-8 or GMT-7, depending on daylight savings).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The creativecommons.org site follows a weekly release schedule, with different stages for development, localization, and QA. The different stages are:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Development&lt;br /&gt;
: Beginning with the Tuesday morning push, the source tree is re-opened for changes. Approved patches (changes) may be committed until the tree closes on Thursday night.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;String Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
: At the end of Thursday the source tree enters a '''string freeze'''. This means that no changes are allowed which would modify or add strings marked for localization. This allows our translators 3 full days (including the weekend) to work on translations. Exceptions to the string freeze are at the discretion of the module owner, but generally not granted.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
;Full Freeze&lt;br /&gt;
:On Sunday night the source tree is locked down, and no changes are allowed. This gives us one day where we can QA the site before releasing it to production on Tuesday morning&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that changes to the production site happen '''only''' on Tuesday mornings. '''No changes''' are pushed to the live site at any other time, with the exception of emergency situations or any pre-approved releases (at the discretion of the module owner).&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=CC_Publisher&amp;diff=96398</id>
		<title>CC Publisher</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=CC_Publisher&amp;diff=96398"/>
				<updated>2013-12-02T17:43:33Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Software Project&lt;br /&gt;
|Description=CC Publisher will help you tag your audio and video files with information about your license and it allows you to upload CCC-licensed works to the Internet Archive for free hosting.&lt;br /&gt;
|Bug tracker=http://code.creativecommons.org/issues/&lt;br /&gt;
|Code repository=http://svn.berlios.de/wsvn/cctools/publisher/#_publisher_&lt;br /&gt;
|Code repository=https://launchpad.net/ccpublisher&lt;br /&gt;
|Mailing list=http://lists.ibiblio.org/mailman/listinfo/cc-devel&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:CcPublisher]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:opensource]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Technology]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Choose_license_implementations]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== NOTE ==&lt;br /&gt;
CC Publisher is no longer under active development.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Installing CC Publisher==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Installing the application is as simple as downloading the appropriate package below. Once downloaded simply double click the installer (Windows) or drag the application file to your Applications directory (Mac), then run the program.  The latest [[ccPublisher 2 Releases|release]] is [[CcPublisher 2 2|2.2.1]].  See the [[CcPublisher System Requirements]] for supported platforms.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Windows'''&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://download.berlios.de/cctools/ccPublisher-2.2.1.0-setup.exe ccPublisher-2.2.1.0-setup.exe] (Windows XP/2000 Installer; MD5 checksum: 2e8f1c96433476668dd4eb511a16dc4d)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Mac'''&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://download.berlios.de/cctools/ccPublisher-2.2.1.zip ccPublisher-2.2.1.zip] (Mac OS X Zip file)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
'''Linux'''&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://download.berlios.de/cctools/ccPublisher-2.2.1.tar.gz ccPublisher-2.2.1.tar.gz] (Source Tarball for Linux)&lt;br /&gt;
See [[ccPublisher on Linux]] for information on running ccPublisher on Linux.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Using ccPublisher==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp2_screenshot_1.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Step one: Dragging your songs/videos into ccPublisher===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp2_screenshot_2.png]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Start the ccPublisher application and hit Next on the introductory screen. The process starts by adding your files to be tagged/uploaded. You can use the browse function to find the files, or simply drag and drop as many files that you would like to license (all with the same license) and upload (all into the same collection at Internet Archive).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Step two: Adding information about your works===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp_Screenshot_3.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The next screen will ask for information about your work, which will help others find it at the Internet Archive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Es simplemente una cancion que espero disfruteis tanto como yo de ella un abrazo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Step three: Choose your license===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp2_screenshot_4.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ccPublisher lets you choose one of several license types and the options for each.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Step four: Specify format information===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp2_screenshot_5.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Format information helps the Internet Archive &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Step five: Select your destination===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp2_screenshot_6.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ccPublisher lets you upload your work to the Internet Archive or generate some HTML for use when hosting it yourself.  Select your destination and click Next.  For details on self-hosting, see [[CcPublisher Self-Hosting]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Step six: Logging into the Internet Archive===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp2_screenshot_7.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To upload your works to the Internet Archive, you'll need an account there to associate your files with. If you don't have an account there, you can go to http://archive.org and create one.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Step seven: Start your upload to the Archive===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp2_screenshot_8.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The final step is to upload your works to the Internet Archive. Depending on your connection and the size of files you are uploading, this step can take anywhere from a few seconds to several hours.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Step eight: All done!===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:ccp2_screenshot_9.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When your upload is complete, click Next and the Publisher application will furnish you with a URL that should be live within 24 hours at the Archive. If you'd like to use a file-sharing application or add the files to your own website, the file can be found in its original location on your computer, which you can upload to a site or move into a shared downloads folder for P2P (for more info, see [http://creativecommons.org/audio/publish-morpheus our tutorial for sharing your CC music via Morpheus]).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Support ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you have problems with ccPublisher, or just questions or suggestions, you can do one of two things:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* email software@creativecommons.org (good)&lt;br /&gt;
* file a bug or feature request in the [http://code.creativecommons.org/issues ccPublisher Tracker] (better)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Developers ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ccPublisher developer information is located on the [[CcPublisher Developer|ccPublisher Developer]] page.  Discussion about feature requests and development takes place on the [[Mailing Lists|cc-devel]] mailing list.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Products/Pasteboard&amp;diff=90613</id>
		<title>Products/Pasteboard</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Products/Pasteboard&amp;diff=90613"/>
				<updated>2013-10-07T19:14:45Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: /* Getting Involved */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;= About Pasteboard =&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[file:Pasteboard_mockup.png|600px|thumb|left|Early mockup]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br clear=&amp;quot;all&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This project, code-named 'Pasteboard,' is a tool to help k-12 teachers remix content from the Web while creating their class materials. We are particularly interested in addressing these problems (from the POV of a teacher):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Tracking and giving attribution to sources in my documents is cumbersome and time-consuming.&lt;br /&gt;
* When someone shares a document with me, it takes time and effort to make it fit my needs, because it comes decoupled from research links.&lt;br /&gt;
* When I re-edit a document a year later, it's hard to recall/find all the relevant research links I originally found when I wrote the document.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Status ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Currently an '''early experiment'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pasteboard is not ready for most people to try out. However, there are still may ways to participate:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* If you're a teacher, we would welcome your input and would like to learn about how Pasteboard might (or might not) fit your workflow.&lt;br /&gt;
* If you're a developer, check out our code, implement a new feature, or let us know how you might do things differently (by submitting a patch!).&lt;br /&gt;
* If you're a designer, check out our designs, let us know how you might improve them.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
No matter who you are, though, feel free to learn more about the work we're doing and don't hesitate to reach out or join our discussions if you're interested. We're looking forward to hearing from you!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Getting Involved ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Join us in any of these ways:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* on IRC at irc.freenode.net, #cc&lt;br /&gt;
* on our [https://groups.google.com/a/creativecommons.org/forum/#!forum/products products mailing list]&lt;br /&gt;
* by tuning in to our short [[Products/WeeklyMeeting|weekly product meetings]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Our Users ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In our user research, we gathered valuable information about how teachers in the San Francisco Bay Area (&amp;quot;Silicon Valley&amp;quot;) prepare and use resources, particularly digital ones. We held qualitative, 1x1 interviews, some in context (at a school). We gathered insights, jobs to be done, and constraints as well as information on workflows, tools, etc.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For more information, see the detailed [[/UserResearch]] page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Our Solution ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Our solution is a tool that allows teachers to clip portions of webpages and reassemble them into documents (currently using Google Docs), while keeping track of the sources both to be used as references, as well as for later editing (e.g. next year, or by another teacher). This storyboard has a good overview of how we envision the tool being used:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[media:Pasteboard_Storyboard.pdf|Storyboard v0.1]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance&amp;diff=90132</id>
		<title>Project Governance</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance&amp;diff=90132"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:57:41Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Creative Commons software products and technical work are developed as open source projects, and governed as a meritocracy. Our community is structured as a virtual organization where authority is distributed to both volunteer and employed community members as they show their abilities through contributions to the project.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Our governance system has been in large part modeled after the [https://mozilla.org/ Mozilla project], which operates under a '''module ownership governance system'''. You can read more about the way Mozilla defines and uses this system [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/governance/ here]. However, note that although we have used this as a starting point, Creative Commons will chart its own path and set its own rules. Do not expect the systems to be identical.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Policies ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[/Module_System|Modules and Module Ownership]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[/License_Policy|License Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[/New_Contributor_and Access_Policy|Becoming a Contributor and Access Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[/Community_Guidelines|Community Participation Guidelines]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modules ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[/Modules|Current modules and module owners]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|page=Governance}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/Community_Guidelines&amp;diff=90131</id>
		<title>Governance/Community Guidelines</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/Community_Guidelines&amp;diff=90131"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:56:02Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/Community Guidelines to Project Governance/Community Guidelines&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Project Governance/Community Guidelines]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Community_Guidelines&amp;diff=90130</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Community Guidelines</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Community_Guidelines&amp;diff=90130"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:55:47Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/Community Guidelines to Project Governance/Community Guidelines&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;TBD - possibly something modeled after:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/policies/participation/ https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/policies/participation/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy&amp;diff=90126</id>
		<title>Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy&amp;diff=90126"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:27:59Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy to Project Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal l...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Project Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy&amp;diff=90125</id>
		<title>Project Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy&amp;diff=90125"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:27:45Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy to Project Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal l...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This document outlines the policy and procedure for getting and maintaining direct commit access to any source code or document repository that is managed under the Creative Commons Module System.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These rules do not apply to those contributing by submitting patches or pull requests. In those cases, a contributor with appropriate access will (at their discretion and following the rules of the relevant modules) perform the direct commit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Our goal is to balance technical and social means of controlling access to CC repositories. On a technical level, only those who follow the procedure in this document and meet the requirements will be given access to directly commit to CC repositories. On a social level, having commit access implies a certain level of responsibility and adherence to the rules of the project or the individual repository. These rules are in place to enable all contributors to participate, while also minimizing both management overhead and also risk to the development process. In other words: just because you have an account with write access doesn't mean you can commit anything you want, wherever you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Requirements ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The following is a summary of the requirements necessary for a new contributor. See the procedure below for details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; A Github account and email address&lt;br /&gt;
: All levels of access require both a Github account and an email address.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; A new bug/ticket for the request&lt;br /&gt;
: All levels of access require that the contributor open a ticket, so that we can document that all requirements have been met.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Contributor Agreement&lt;br /&gt;
: A legal agreement. All levels of access require that contributors sign and submit this agreement (possibly electronically).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Voucher(s)&lt;br /&gt;
: Another existing member of the project must vouch for the contributor. Depending on the level of access, more vouchers, or from specific roles, may be necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Access Levels ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are currently two levels of commit access to CC repositories, regardless of where they might be hosted (e.g., [https://github.com/creativecommons/ Github] or [http://code.creativecommons.org/ code.creativecommons.org]). Each repository should be labeled as &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot;, but in its absence &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; is assumed. However, there are some exceptions where a &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; contributor may contribute to specific portions of a &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; repository, see below for details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 1 (basic access)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; require any other contributor to vouch for the new contributor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for new repositories still in an experimental phase. It is also appropriate for access to localization files, even for &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; projects, *except* where the content being localized is legal in nature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 2 (general access)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; require two vouchers: one from a top-level module owner (of any module), and one from a peer of code stored in any &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; repository.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for most code and website content, except for legal content (e.g., legal code).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 3 (sensitive repositories)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 3&amp;quot; require two vouchers, as in level 2, but one of them must be of the owner of the level 3 repository the contributor wishes to contribute to. Unlike other levels, gaining level 3 access does not grant access to all level 3 repositories, but rather only the level 3 repository approved by the module owner. Gaining access to additional level 3 repositories requires only one voucher from the responsible module owner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for specific, sensitive documents such as core code of a product or legal code.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Requesting Access ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here is a list of the steps that need to happen to become a CC committer. Employment with any particular entity (including Creative Commons HQ or Affiliates) does not change the need to follow these steps.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Read this document carefully and decide which level of access you need to apply for.&lt;br /&gt;
# Open a [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new new issue] for your request. Add the &amp;quot;Repository Access Request&amp;quot; label and make sure you include:&lt;br /&gt;
#* your name&lt;br /&gt;
#* your email address&lt;br /&gt;
#* the level of access you are requesting&lt;br /&gt;
#* if you are requesting access to any level 3 repositories, list them&lt;br /&gt;
# If you have not already done so, complete the Contributor Agreement (see Contributor Agreement section below).&lt;br /&gt;
# Ensure all the required vouchers for the level and repository in question are in the issue (as comments).&lt;br /&gt;
# A CC representative will double-check that the needed info is recorded and, if so, give you the necessary access or next steps.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Contributor Agreement ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All contributors must agree to the Contributor Agreement. A copy of the agreement is here (link TBD...). In order to agree, you must:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Be sure you have read and agree to the agreement.&lt;br /&gt;
# Create a [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new new issue] with:&lt;br /&gt;
#* Title: &amp;quot;...&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#* Body: &amp;quot;...&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Name: &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Email address: &amp;lt;address&amp;gt;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(perhaps something like https://www.mozilla.org/hacking/notification/acceptance-email.txt ?)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Vouchers ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New contributors will need one or more vouchers, depending on the level of access being requested. Each voucher must come from a someone that already has commit access and be confident enough in you to be associated with your contributions. Your vouchers are responsible for your any problems you cause in the unfortunate event that you break things and leave. They are responsible for making sure you know and follow the rules in general, act promptly to fix regressions, are aware of and commit procedures and repository rules, etc. The vouchers' responsibility extends for three months after you are granted source code commit access. If you've lived in the tree without significant issues for three months, we assume you're ready to stand on your own. If somehow there are persistent problems during the first three months, the vouchers have the authority to request revocation of your access during this period. Vouching is a big responsibility, so people will make this commitment only after due consideration. A voucher who helps people who aren't prepared get access to the source tree will find that his or her own credibility suffers as well.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Revoking Commit Access ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If someone consistently causes difficulties with these source repositories due to poor behavior or other serious problems then commit access may be revoked. The process for this is for one or more committers with concerns to notify the owner of the New Contributor and Access Policy sub-module with clear examples of the problem. Do not do so carelessly, based on passing irritation, or without a sense that you are not alone in your concerns. The New Contributor and Access Policy owner will investigate or cause an investigation to occur, privately at first and perhaps completely privately.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Dormant Accounts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If your account in a particular repository is inactive for more than 6 months, it may be deactivated. However, the knowledge that you have achieved a particular level of access is retained. Therefore, getting your account reactivated is a simple matter of filing a new issue requesting access be reinstated. No additional vouchers are necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Problems With Your Account ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you suspect your account has been compromised, or are having trouble accessing your account, please [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new file a new issue] with the &amp;quot;Account problem&amp;quot; label (preferred), or if you are not able to access Github, please send an email to [mailto:admin@creativecommons.org admin@creativecommons.org].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/committer}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentFrom|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/commit-access-policy}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/License_Policy&amp;diff=90124</id>
		<title>Governance/License Policy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/License_Policy&amp;diff=90124"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:27:01Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/License Policy to Project Governance/License Policy: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal legal structure with a nonprofit corpor...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Project Governance/License Policy]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/License_Policy&amp;diff=90123</id>
		<title>Project Governance/License Policy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/License_Policy&amp;diff=90123"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:26:46Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/License Policy to Project Governance/License Policy: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal legal structure with a nonprofit corpor...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;TBD - possibly something modeled after:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.mozilla.org/MPL/license-policy.html https://www.mozilla.org/MPL/license-policy.html]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/Modules&amp;diff=90121</id>
		<title>Governance/Modules</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/Modules&amp;diff=90121"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:24:53Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/Modules to Project Governance/Modules: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal legal structure with a nonprofit corporation, etc). S...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Project Governance/Modules]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Modules&amp;diff=90120</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Modules</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Modules&amp;diff=90120"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:24:38Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/Modules to Project Governance/Modules: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal legal structure with a nonprofit corporation, etc). S...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Governance&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Policies and process for how we distribute authority and govern ourselves; including:&lt;br /&gt;
* Development and Implementation of new policies as appropriate for delegation of authority and responsibility&lt;br /&gt;
* Management of the source tree&lt;br /&gt;
* Balancing different constituencies of the project&lt;br /&gt;
* Maintaining the CC identity as we take on new activities&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.mozilla.org/about/roles.html#ultimate-decision-makers Ultimate authority] within the project rests with the owner and peer(s) of this module, and project decisions can be escalated to here.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|glist=governance&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Governance Sub Modules===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Module Ownership System&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Healthy operation of the module ownership system, including topics such as:&lt;br /&gt;
* Filling vacant roles where appropriate&lt;br /&gt;
* Ensuring module owners are fulfilling their responsibilities, and replacing those who are not&lt;br /&gt;
* Creating and staffing new modules where new parts of the project evolve.&lt;br /&gt;
* Figuring out what to do if a module isn't getting enough attention&lt;br /&gt;
* Resolving conflicts among module owners &lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/Module_System]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=New Contributor and Access Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Procedures for new contributors and for requesting and determining commit access.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Licensing Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Policies for deciding how contributors should license code and content created for the project, as well as for determining whether 3rd-party code or content may be imported or used.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/License_Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|page=Modules/All}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/Module_System&amp;diff=90119</id>
		<title>Governance/Module System</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance/Module_System&amp;diff=90119"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:22:48Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/Module System to Project Governance/Module System: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal legal structure with a nonprofit corporat...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Project Governance/Module System]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Module_System&amp;diff=90118</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Module System</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Module_System&amp;diff=90118"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:22:33Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance/Module System to Project Governance/Module System: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal legal structure with a nonprofit corporat...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creative Commons software products and technical activities are diverse and larger than what a single person can (or should) directly do by themselves. Moreover, we wish to be as open, inclusive, and transparent as possible, given the nature of our organization and our values. Thus, we seek to organize ourselves in a way that delegates decision-making authority to the edges, while at the same time promoting individuals who prove themselves to be trustworthy and capable. In other words: we self-organize as a meritocracy, insofar as it is possible for us to do so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Taking the template from the Mozilla governance system (see [https://www.mozilla.org/hacking/module-ownership.html here]), we break up our code and activities into &amp;quot;Modules&amp;quot;, each of which has a Module Owner. A module is, in the case of code, a piece of functionality, or in the case of non-code, an activity, with reasonably well-defined boundaries. Some of the below explanation is code-focused, but analogous points can be made for non-code.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The work of the module owners and the health of the system are overseen by the owner and peers of the &amp;quot;Module Ownership&amp;quot; module. A number of larger modules (for example, the Governance module) have sub-modules subordinate to them. The module owner and peers of the appropriate module is responsible for sub-module ownership appointment and removal in those areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These wiki pages are used to document the rules and policies of the system, as well as the current set of modules, module owners, and peers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Module Owner Role ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A &amp;quot;module owner&amp;quot; is the person to whom leadership of a module's work has been delegated. The responsibilities of module ownership might include, in the case of a code module: improving code quality, implementing revisions and innovations as appropriate, coordinating development with that of the rest of the codebase, developing and maintaining a shared understanding of where the module is headed, developing APIs where appropriate, documenting as much as possible, responding appropriately to code contributions, design suggestions and stated needs of the community, and creating an environment where competent newcomers are welcomed and included.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A module owner's OK is required to check code into that module. In exchange, we expect the module owner to care about what goes in, respond to patches submitted by others, and be able to appreciate code developed by other people. Module owners have a fair amount of flexibility in how they do this. We do not have an elaborate set of rules or procedures for how module owners manage their modules. If it works and the community is generally happy, great. If it doesn't, let's fix it and learn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module Owners need not do all the work of managing the module themselves. Module owners may identify others who can also approve code for check-in into a module. These developers are known as &amp;quot;peers&amp;quot; and ought to possess many of the qualities of a good module owner. Module owners must designate to a peer the evaluation of their own code; module owners are not permitted to review their own code. If there is no module owner, the OK of a peer is sufficient to check code into that module.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module owners are not tyrants. They are chartered to make decisions with input from the community and in the best interests of the community. Module owners are not required to make code changes or additions solely because the community wants them to do so. (Like anyone else, the module owners may write code because they want to, because their employers want them to, because the community wants them to, or for some other reason.) Module owners do need to pay attention to patches submitted to that module. However &amp;quot;pay attention&amp;quot; does not mean agreeing to every patch. Some patches may not make sense for our project; some may be poorly implemented. Module owners have the authority to decline a patch; this is a necessary part of the role. We ask the module owners to describe in the relevant bug their reasons for wanting changes to a patch, for declining it altogether, or for postponing review for some period. We don't ask or expect them to rewrite patches to make them acceptable. Similarly, module owners may need to delay review of a promising patch due to an upcoming deadline. For example, a patch may be of interest, but not for the next milestone. In such a case it may make sense for the module owner to postpone review of a patch until after matters needed for a milestone have been finalized. Again, we expect this to be described in the relevant bug. And of course, it shouldn't go on very often or for very long or escalation and review is likely.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Escalation and Review ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The owner and peers of the Module Ownership module will get involved if controversy develops and cannot be resolved otherwise. A module owner may ask for a public statement of agreement with a particular action. Sometimes other contributors suggest ways in which a module owner might improve. Sometimes there is ongoing controversy. We prefer that the community resolve these issues when possible, but acknowledge that this can't happen all the time. We try to avoid making absolute decisions like &amp;quot;this must happen&amp;quot; but will do so if required.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Criteria for Module Ownership ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a number of important elements of good module ownership. First is the person's expertise with the area in question. But over time we've learned that a set of additional criteria is also important, and that a great hacker can be a poor module owner. The criteria that go into the mix for a good module owner include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Expertise with the code in or activity of the module&lt;br /&gt;
# Current level of involvement with the module&lt;br /&gt;
# Understanding/vision of where the module ought to be headed&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to communicate with a diverse, geographically distributed community&lt;br /&gt;
# Willingness to evaluate contributions on their merits, regardless of their source (i.e., no 'not invented here' syndrome)&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to consider varying perspectives and needs of different consumers of that module&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And particularly for code modules:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Appropriate understanding of the project's codebase as a whole and the module's relationship to it&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to evaluate code for that module, including contributions of patches and new features&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to evaluate impact of code on other parts of the codebase&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to resolve different needs through factoring or other abstraction techniques when appropriate&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Designating a Module Owner ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Appointment, removal and change of sub-module owners and peers is normally the work of the owner and peers of the module covering that area of the project. The Module Ownership Module team will generally intervene only in cases of dispute.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We prefer that an individual work with a module for some time and demonstrate the ability to fulfill most of the criteria most of the time (we're not naive enough to require perfection), and that a consensus form about designating this person as the module owner. This way the designation is more of a confirmation than an appointment. We haven't always done this, and we haven't always done it well.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This means that there will be times when there is no module owner. In particular, in some cases modules have received little attention, have started to rot, and some brave soul steps up to figure things out and get us back on track. We'll shower these folks with thanks for tackling the job, however we may not immediately designate them as module owners. Almost by definition, it will be difficult for this person to have demonstrated some of the criteria, until some time is spent working with the module. It's possible that someone's expertise is broad and so deep enough to do this, but we would expect this to be the exception rather than the rule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In determining a module owner, the criteria above are not necessarily accorded the same weight for each module. The importance of a particular element depends on the module. For example, code criteria 1 (appropriate understanding of the codebase as a whole and the module's relationship to it) and 3 (ability to evaluate impact of code on other parts of the codebase) will be of less importance for modules that are self-contained, but of great importance for modules containing core technologies which affect other parts of the code significantly. Similarly, general criterion 6 (ability to consider varying perspectives and needs of different consumers of that module) and code criterion 4 (ability to resolve different needs through factoring or other abstraction techniques when appropriate) will be less important to a module which serves a specific, clearly defined function for a small number of contributors, and critical to a module which supports a variety of uses and a broad contributor group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Creating a New Module ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ideally, a Module should exist for all significant chunks of work or code within our project. However, we prefer to only designate modules for code or activities that are likely to remain permanently (or at least long-term) in our project. Therefore, brand new efforts are usually developed outside the module system, and new modules are created once it is evident and widely agreed-upon that a codebase or activity has met the requirements for module ownership.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you are confident that a new module is needed, you should post a message to the [[Governance/Modules#Module_Ownership_System|Module Ownership module]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Poorly Maintained Modules ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Periodically a module is not well maintained and no longer interacts well with the rest of the codebase. This can happen where there is no module owner, or when a designated module owner is too busy with other things to tend to the module. Conceivably it could happen when a module owner is active, but has an approach to a module that the community in general believes is inappropriate. We prefer that the development community identify such modules, propose a solution, and implement improvement. If this can't happen for some reason then the Module Ownership Peers will get involved to find the best possible resolution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/module-ownership.html}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance&amp;diff=90117</id>
		<title>Governance</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Governance&amp;diff=90117"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:20:18Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance to Project Governance: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal legal structure with a nonprofit corporation, etc). So moving for cla...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Project Governance]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance&amp;diff=90116</id>
		<title>Project Governance</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance&amp;diff=90116"/>
				<updated>2013-10-03T17:20:02Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Dan Mills moved page Governance to Project Governance: A concern was raised that &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; could be confused to mean CC-wide governance, which is not true (CC has a formal legal structure with a nonprofit corporation, etc). So moving for cla...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Creative Commons software products and technical work are developed as open source projects, and governed as a meritocracy. Our community is structured as a virtual organization where authority is distributed to both volunteer and employed community members as they show their abilities through contributions to the project.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Our governance system has been in large part modeled after the [https://mozilla.org/ Mozilla project], which operates under a '''module ownership governance system'''. You can read more about the way Mozilla defines and uses this system [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/governance/ here]. However, note that although we have used this as a starting point, Creative Commons will chart its own path and set its own rules. Do not expect the systems to be identical.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Policies ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Module_System|Modules and Module Ownership]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/License_Policy|License Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/New_Contributor_and Access_Policy|Becoming a Contributor and Access Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Community_Guidelines|Community Participation Guidelines]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modules ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Modules|Current modules and module owners]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|page=Governance}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Modules&amp;diff=89083</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Modules</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Modules&amp;diff=89083"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:51:24Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Protected &amp;quot;Governance/Modules&amp;quot; (‎[edit=sysop] (indefinite) ‎[move=sysop] (indefinite))&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Governance&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Policies and process for how we distribute authority and govern ourselves; including:&lt;br /&gt;
* Development and Implementation of new policies as appropriate for delegation of authority and responsibility&lt;br /&gt;
* Management of the source tree&lt;br /&gt;
* Balancing different constituencies of the project&lt;br /&gt;
* Maintaining the CC identity as we take on new activities&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.mozilla.org/about/roles.html#ultimate-decision-makers Ultimate authority] within the project rests with the owner and peer(s) of this module, and project decisions can be escalated to here.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|glist=governance&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Governance Sub Modules===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Module Ownership System&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Healthy operation of the module ownership system, including topics such as:&lt;br /&gt;
* Filling vacant roles where appropriate&lt;br /&gt;
* Ensuring module owners are fulfilling their responsibilities, and replacing those who are not&lt;br /&gt;
* Creating and staffing new modules where new parts of the project evolve.&lt;br /&gt;
* Figuring out what to do if a module isn't getting enough attention&lt;br /&gt;
* Resolving conflicts among module owners &lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/Module_System]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=New Contributor and Access Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Procedures for new contributors and for requesting and determining commit access.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Licensing Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Policies for deciding how contributors should license code and content created for the project, as well as for determining whether 3rd-party code or content may be imported or used.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/License_Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|page=Modules/All}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Modules&amp;diff=89082</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Modules</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Modules&amp;diff=89082"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:51:12Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Governance&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Policies and process for how we distribute authority and govern ourselves; including:&lt;br /&gt;
* Development and Implementation of new policies as appropriate for delegation of authority and responsibility&lt;br /&gt;
* Management of the source tree&lt;br /&gt;
* Balancing different constituencies of the project&lt;br /&gt;
* Maintaining the CC identity as we take on new activities&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.mozilla.org/about/roles.html#ultimate-decision-makers Ultimate authority] within the project rests with the owner and peer(s) of this module, and project decisions can be escalated to here.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|glist=governance&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Governance Sub Modules===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Module Ownership System&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Healthy operation of the module ownership system, including topics such as:&lt;br /&gt;
* Filling vacant roles where appropriate&lt;br /&gt;
* Ensuring module owners are fulfilling their responsibilities, and replacing those who are not&lt;br /&gt;
* Creating and staffing new modules where new parts of the project evolve.&lt;br /&gt;
* Figuring out what to do if a module isn't getting enough attention&lt;br /&gt;
* Resolving conflicts among module owners &lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/Module_System]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=New Contributor and Access Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Procedures for new contributors and for requesting and determining commit access.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Module&lt;br /&gt;
|name=Licensing Policy&lt;br /&gt;
|description=Policies for deciding how contributors should license code and content created for the project, as well as for determining whether 3rd-party code or content may be imported or used.&lt;br /&gt;
|owner=[mailto:dan@creativecommons.org Dan Mills]&lt;br /&gt;
|peers=&lt;br /&gt;
|url=[[Governance/License_Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|page=Modules/All}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Community_Guidelines&amp;diff=89081</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Community Guidelines</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Community_Guidelines&amp;diff=89081"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:50:52Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Protected &amp;quot;Governance/Community Guidelines&amp;quot; (‎[edit=sysop] (indefinite) ‎[move=sysop] (indefinite))&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;TBD - possibly something modeled after:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/policies/participation/ https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/policies/participation/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Community_Guidelines&amp;diff=89080</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Community Guidelines</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Community_Guidelines&amp;diff=89080"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:50:41Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;TBD - possibly something modeled after:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/policies/participation/ https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/policies/participation/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy&amp;diff=89079</id>
		<title>Project Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy&amp;diff=89079"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:50:27Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Protected &amp;quot;Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy&amp;quot; (‎[edit=sysop] (indefinite) ‎[move=sysop] (indefinite))&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This document outlines the policy and procedure for getting and maintaining direct commit access to any source code or document repository that is managed under the Creative Commons Module System.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These rules do not apply to those contributing by submitting patches or pull requests. In those cases, a contributor with appropriate access will (at their discretion and following the rules of the relevant modules) perform the direct commit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Our goal is to balance technical and social means of controlling access to CC repositories. On a technical level, only those who follow the procedure in this document and meet the requirements will be given access to directly commit to CC repositories. On a social level, having commit access implies a certain level of responsibility and adherence to the rules of the project or the individual repository. These rules are in place to enable all contributors to participate, while also minimizing both management overhead and also risk to the development process. In other words: just because you have an account with write access doesn't mean you can commit anything you want, wherever you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Requirements ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The following is a summary of the requirements necessary for a new contributor. See the procedure below for details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; A Github account and email address&lt;br /&gt;
: All levels of access require both a Github account and an email address.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; A new bug/ticket for the request&lt;br /&gt;
: All levels of access require that the contributor open a ticket, so that we can document that all requirements have been met.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Contributor Agreement&lt;br /&gt;
: A legal agreement. All levels of access require that contributors sign and submit this agreement (possibly electronically).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Voucher(s)&lt;br /&gt;
: Another existing member of the project must vouch for the contributor. Depending on the level of access, more vouchers, or from specific roles, may be necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Access Levels ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are currently two levels of commit access to CC repositories, regardless of where they might be hosted (e.g., [https://github.com/creativecommons/ Github] or [http://code.creativecommons.org/ code.creativecommons.org]). Each repository should be labeled as &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot;, but in its absence &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; is assumed. However, there are some exceptions where a &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; contributor may contribute to specific portions of a &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; repository, see below for details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 1 (basic access)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; require any other contributor to vouch for the new contributor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for new repositories still in an experimental phase. It is also appropriate for access to localization files, even for &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; projects, *except* where the content being localized is legal in nature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 2 (general access)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; require two vouchers: one from a top-level module owner (of any module), and one from a peer of code stored in any &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; repository.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for most code and website content, except for legal content (e.g., legal code).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 3 (sensitive repositories)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 3&amp;quot; require two vouchers, as in level 2, but one of them must be of the owner of the level 3 repository the contributor wishes to contribute to. Unlike other levels, gaining level 3 access does not grant access to all level 3 repositories, but rather only the level 3 repository approved by the module owner. Gaining access to additional level 3 repositories requires only one voucher from the responsible module owner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for specific, sensitive documents such as core code of a product or legal code.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Requesting Access ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here is a list of the steps that need to happen to become a CC committer. Employment with any particular entity (including Creative Commons HQ or Affiliates) does not change the need to follow these steps.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Read this document carefully and decide which level of access you need to apply for.&lt;br /&gt;
# Open a [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new new issue] for your request. Add the &amp;quot;Repository Access Request&amp;quot; label and make sure you include:&lt;br /&gt;
#* your name&lt;br /&gt;
#* your email address&lt;br /&gt;
#* the level of access you are requesting&lt;br /&gt;
#* if you are requesting access to any level 3 repositories, list them&lt;br /&gt;
# If you have not already done so, complete the Contributor Agreement (see Contributor Agreement section below).&lt;br /&gt;
# Ensure all the required vouchers for the level and repository in question are in the issue (as comments).&lt;br /&gt;
# A CC representative will double-check that the needed info is recorded and, if so, give you the necessary access or next steps.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Contributor Agreement ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All contributors must agree to the Contributor Agreement. A copy of the agreement is here (link TBD...). In order to agree, you must:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Be sure you have read and agree to the agreement.&lt;br /&gt;
# Create a [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new new issue] with:&lt;br /&gt;
#* Title: &amp;quot;...&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#* Body: &amp;quot;...&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Name: &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Email address: &amp;lt;address&amp;gt;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(perhaps something like https://www.mozilla.org/hacking/notification/acceptance-email.txt ?)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Vouchers ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New contributors will need one or more vouchers, depending on the level of access being requested. Each voucher must come from a someone that already has commit access and be confident enough in you to be associated with your contributions. Your vouchers are responsible for your any problems you cause in the unfortunate event that you break things and leave. They are responsible for making sure you know and follow the rules in general, act promptly to fix regressions, are aware of and commit procedures and repository rules, etc. The vouchers' responsibility extends for three months after you are granted source code commit access. If you've lived in the tree without significant issues for three months, we assume you're ready to stand on your own. If somehow there are persistent problems during the first three months, the vouchers have the authority to request revocation of your access during this period. Vouching is a big responsibility, so people will make this commitment only after due consideration. A voucher who helps people who aren't prepared get access to the source tree will find that his or her own credibility suffers as well.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Revoking Commit Access ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If someone consistently causes difficulties with these source repositories due to poor behavior or other serious problems then commit access may be revoked. The process for this is for one or more committers with concerns to notify the owner of the New Contributor and Access Policy sub-module with clear examples of the problem. Do not do so carelessly, based on passing irritation, or without a sense that you are not alone in your concerns. The New Contributor and Access Policy owner will investigate or cause an investigation to occur, privately at first and perhaps completely privately.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Dormant Accounts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If your account in a particular repository is inactive for more than 6 months, it may be deactivated. However, the knowledge that you have achieved a particular level of access is retained. Therefore, getting your account reactivated is a simple matter of filing a new issue requesting access be reinstated. No additional vouchers are necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Problems With Your Account ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you suspect your account has been compromised, or are having trouble accessing your account, please [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new file a new issue] with the &amp;quot;Account problem&amp;quot; label (preferred), or if you are not able to access Github, please send an email to [mailto:admin@creativecommons.org admin@creativecommons.org].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/committer}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentFrom|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/commit-access-policy}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy&amp;diff=89078</id>
		<title>Project Governance/New Contributor and Access Policy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/New_Contributor_and_Access_Policy&amp;diff=89078"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:50:11Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This document outlines the policy and procedure for getting and maintaining direct commit access to any source code or document repository that is managed under the Creative Commons Module System.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These rules do not apply to those contributing by submitting patches or pull requests. In those cases, a contributor with appropriate access will (at their discretion and following the rules of the relevant modules) perform the direct commit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Our goal is to balance technical and social means of controlling access to CC repositories. On a technical level, only those who follow the procedure in this document and meet the requirements will be given access to directly commit to CC repositories. On a social level, having commit access implies a certain level of responsibility and adherence to the rules of the project or the individual repository. These rules are in place to enable all contributors to participate, while also minimizing both management overhead and also risk to the development process. In other words: just because you have an account with write access doesn't mean you can commit anything you want, wherever you want.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Requirements ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The following is a summary of the requirements necessary for a new contributor. See the procedure below for details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; A Github account and email address&lt;br /&gt;
: All levels of access require both a Github account and an email address.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; A new bug/ticket for the request&lt;br /&gt;
: All levels of access require that the contributor open a ticket, so that we can document that all requirements have been met.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Contributor Agreement&lt;br /&gt;
: A legal agreement. All levels of access require that contributors sign and submit this agreement (possibly electronically).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Voucher(s)&lt;br /&gt;
: Another existing member of the project must vouch for the contributor. Depending on the level of access, more vouchers, or from specific roles, may be necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Access Levels ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are currently two levels of commit access to CC repositories, regardless of where they might be hosted (e.g., [https://github.com/creativecommons/ Github] or [http://code.creativecommons.org/ code.creativecommons.org]). Each repository should be labeled as &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot;, but in its absence &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; is assumed. However, there are some exceptions where a &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; contributor may contribute to specific portions of a &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; repository, see below for details.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 1 (basic access)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 1&amp;quot; require any other contributor to vouch for the new contributor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for new repositories still in an experimental phase. It is also appropriate for access to localization files, even for &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; projects, *except* where the content being localized is legal in nature.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 2 (general access)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; require two vouchers: one from a top-level module owner (of any module), and one from a peer of code stored in any &amp;quot;level 2&amp;quot; repository.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for most code and website content, except for legal content (e.g., legal code).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
; Level 3 (sensitive repositories)&lt;br /&gt;
: Repositories marked &amp;quot;level 3&amp;quot; require two vouchers, as in level 2, but one of them must be of the owner of the level 3 repository the contributor wishes to contribute to. Unlike other levels, gaining level 3 access does not grant access to all level 3 repositories, but rather only the level 3 repository approved by the module owner. Gaining access to additional level 3 repositories requires only one voucher from the responsible module owner.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: This level is generally appropriate for specific, sensitive documents such as core code of a product or legal code.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Requesting Access ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here is a list of the steps that need to happen to become a CC committer. Employment with any particular entity (including Creative Commons HQ or Affiliates) does not change the need to follow these steps.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Read this document carefully and decide which level of access you need to apply for.&lt;br /&gt;
# Open a [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new new issue] for your request. Add the &amp;quot;Repository Access Request&amp;quot; label and make sure you include:&lt;br /&gt;
#* your name&lt;br /&gt;
#* your email address&lt;br /&gt;
#* the level of access you are requesting&lt;br /&gt;
#* if you are requesting access to any level 3 repositories, list them&lt;br /&gt;
# If you have not already done so, complete the Contributor Agreement (see Contributor Agreement section below).&lt;br /&gt;
# Ensure all the required vouchers for the level and repository in question are in the issue (as comments).&lt;br /&gt;
# A CC representative will double-check that the needed info is recorded and, if so, give you the necessary access or next steps.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Contributor Agreement ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All contributors must agree to the Contributor Agreement. A copy of the agreement is here (link TBD...). In order to agree, you must:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Be sure you have read and agree to the agreement.&lt;br /&gt;
# Create a [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new new issue] with:&lt;br /&gt;
#* Title: &amp;quot;...&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
#* Body: &amp;quot;...&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Name: &amp;lt;name&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;Email address: &amp;lt;address&amp;gt;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(perhaps something like https://www.mozilla.org/hacking/notification/acceptance-email.txt ?)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Vouchers ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
New contributors will need one or more vouchers, depending on the level of access being requested. Each voucher must come from a someone that already has commit access and be confident enough in you to be associated with your contributions. Your vouchers are responsible for your any problems you cause in the unfortunate event that you break things and leave. They are responsible for making sure you know and follow the rules in general, act promptly to fix regressions, are aware of and commit procedures and repository rules, etc. The vouchers' responsibility extends for three months after you are granted source code commit access. If you've lived in the tree without significant issues for three months, we assume you're ready to stand on your own. If somehow there are persistent problems during the first three months, the vouchers have the authority to request revocation of your access during this period. Vouching is a big responsibility, so people will make this commitment only after due consideration. A voucher who helps people who aren't prepared get access to the source tree will find that his or her own credibility suffers as well.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Revoking Commit Access ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If someone consistently causes difficulties with these source repositories due to poor behavior or other serious problems then commit access may be revoked. The process for this is for one or more committers with concerns to notify the owner of the New Contributor and Access Policy sub-module with clear examples of the problem. Do not do so carelessly, based on passing irritation, or without a sense that you are not alone in your concerns. The New Contributor and Access Policy owner will investigate or cause an investigation to occur, privately at first and perhaps completely privately.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Dormant Accounts ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If your account in a particular repository is inactive for more than 6 months, it may be deactivated. However, the knowledge that you have achieved a particular level of access is retained. Therefore, getting your account reactivated is a simple matter of filing a new issue requesting access be reinstated. No additional vouchers are necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Problems With Your Account ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you suspect your account has been compromised, or are having trouble accessing your account, please [https://github.com/creativecommons/governance/issues/new file a new issue] with the &amp;quot;Account problem&amp;quot; label (preferred), or if you are not able to access Github, please send an email to [mailto:admin@creativecommons.org admin@creativecommons.org].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/committer}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentFrom|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/commit-access-policy}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/License_Policy&amp;diff=89077</id>
		<title>Project Governance/License Policy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/License_Policy&amp;diff=89077"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:49:47Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Protected &amp;quot;Governance/License Policy&amp;quot; (‎[edit=sysop] (indefinite) ‎[move=sysop] (indefinite))&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;TBD - possibly something modeled after:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.mozilla.org/MPL/license-policy.html https://www.mozilla.org/MPL/license-policy.html]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/License_Policy&amp;diff=89076</id>
		<title>Project Governance/License Policy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/License_Policy&amp;diff=89076"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:49:35Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;TBD - possibly something modeled after:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.mozilla.org/MPL/license-policy.html https://www.mozilla.org/MPL/license-policy.html]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Module_System&amp;diff=89075</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Module System</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Module_System&amp;diff=89075"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:49:03Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creative Commons software products and technical activities are diverse and larger than what a single person can (or should) directly do by themselves. Moreover, we wish to be as open, inclusive, and transparent as possible, given the nature of our organization and our values. Thus, we seek to organize ourselves in a way that delegates decision-making authority to the edges, while at the same time promoting individuals who prove themselves to be trustworthy and capable. In other words: we self-organize as a meritocracy, insofar as it is possible for us to do so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Taking the template from the Mozilla governance system (see [https://www.mozilla.org/hacking/module-ownership.html here]), we break up our code and activities into &amp;quot;Modules&amp;quot;, each of which has a Module Owner. A module is, in the case of code, a piece of functionality, or in the case of non-code, an activity, with reasonably well-defined boundaries. Some of the below explanation is code-focused, but analogous points can be made for non-code.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The work of the module owners and the health of the system are overseen by the owner and peers of the &amp;quot;Module Ownership&amp;quot; module. A number of larger modules (for example, the Governance module) have sub-modules subordinate to them. The module owner and peers of the appropriate module is responsible for sub-module ownership appointment and removal in those areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These wiki pages are used to document the rules and policies of the system, as well as the current set of modules, module owners, and peers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Module Owner Role ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A &amp;quot;module owner&amp;quot; is the person to whom leadership of a module's work has been delegated. The responsibilities of module ownership might include, in the case of a code module: improving code quality, implementing revisions and innovations as appropriate, coordinating development with that of the rest of the codebase, developing and maintaining a shared understanding of where the module is headed, developing APIs where appropriate, documenting as much as possible, responding appropriately to code contributions, design suggestions and stated needs of the community, and creating an environment where competent newcomers are welcomed and included.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A module owner's OK is required to check code into that module. In exchange, we expect the module owner to care about what goes in, respond to patches submitted by others, and be able to appreciate code developed by other people. Module owners have a fair amount of flexibility in how they do this. We do not have an elaborate set of rules or procedures for how module owners manage their modules. If it works and the community is generally happy, great. If it doesn't, let's fix it and learn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module Owners need not do all the work of managing the module themselves. Module owners may identify others who can also approve code for check-in into a module. These developers are known as &amp;quot;peers&amp;quot; and ought to possess many of the qualities of a good module owner. Module owners must designate to a peer the evaluation of their own code; module owners are not permitted to review their own code. If there is no module owner, the OK of a peer is sufficient to check code into that module.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module owners are not tyrants. They are chartered to make decisions with input from the community and in the best interests of the community. Module owners are not required to make code changes or additions solely because the community wants them to do so. (Like anyone else, the module owners may write code because they want to, because their employers want them to, because the community wants them to, or for some other reason.) Module owners do need to pay attention to patches submitted to that module. However &amp;quot;pay attention&amp;quot; does not mean agreeing to every patch. Some patches may not make sense for our project; some may be poorly implemented. Module owners have the authority to decline a patch; this is a necessary part of the role. We ask the module owners to describe in the relevant bug their reasons for wanting changes to a patch, for declining it altogether, or for postponing review for some period. We don't ask or expect them to rewrite patches to make them acceptable. Similarly, module owners may need to delay review of a promising patch due to an upcoming deadline. For example, a patch may be of interest, but not for the next milestone. In such a case it may make sense for the module owner to postpone review of a patch until after matters needed for a milestone have been finalized. Again, we expect this to be described in the relevant bug. And of course, it shouldn't go on very often or for very long or escalation and review is likely.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Escalation and Review ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The owner and peers of the Module Ownership module will get involved if controversy develops and cannot be resolved otherwise. A module owner may ask for a public statement of agreement with a particular action. Sometimes other contributors suggest ways in which a module owner might improve. Sometimes there is ongoing controversy. We prefer that the community resolve these issues when possible, but acknowledge that this can't happen all the time. We try to avoid making absolute decisions like &amp;quot;this must happen&amp;quot; but will do so if required.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Criteria for Module Ownership ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a number of important elements of good module ownership. First is the person's expertise with the area in question. But over time we've learned that a set of additional criteria is also important, and that a great hacker can be a poor module owner. The criteria that go into the mix for a good module owner include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Expertise with the code in or activity of the module&lt;br /&gt;
# Current level of involvement with the module&lt;br /&gt;
# Understanding/vision of where the module ought to be headed&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to communicate with a diverse, geographically distributed community&lt;br /&gt;
# Willingness to evaluate contributions on their merits, regardless of their source (i.e., no 'not invented here' syndrome)&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to consider varying perspectives and needs of different consumers of that module&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And particularly for code modules:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Appropriate understanding of the project's codebase as a whole and the module's relationship to it&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to evaluate code for that module, including contributions of patches and new features&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to evaluate impact of code on other parts of the codebase&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to resolve different needs through factoring or other abstraction techniques when appropriate&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Designating a Module Owner ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Appointment, removal and change of sub-module owners and peers is normally the work of the owner and peers of the module covering that area of the project. The Module Ownership Module team will generally intervene only in cases of dispute.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We prefer that an individual work with a module for some time and demonstrate the ability to fulfill most of the criteria most of the time (we're not naive enough to require perfection), and that a consensus form about designating this person as the module owner. This way the designation is more of a confirmation than an appointment. We haven't always done this, and we haven't always done it well.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This means that there will be times when there is no module owner. In particular, in some cases modules have received little attention, have started to rot, and some brave soul steps up to figure things out and get us back on track. We'll shower these folks with thanks for tackling the job, however we may not immediately designate them as module owners. Almost by definition, it will be difficult for this person to have demonstrated some of the criteria, until some time is spent working with the module. It's possible that someone's expertise is broad and so deep enough to do this, but we would expect this to be the exception rather than the rule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In determining a module owner, the criteria above are not necessarily accorded the same weight for each module. The importance of a particular element depends on the module. For example, code criteria 1 (appropriate understanding of the codebase as a whole and the module's relationship to it) and 3 (ability to evaluate impact of code on other parts of the codebase) will be of less importance for modules that are self-contained, but of great importance for modules containing core technologies which affect other parts of the code significantly. Similarly, general criterion 6 (ability to consider varying perspectives and needs of different consumers of that module) and code criterion 4 (ability to resolve different needs through factoring or other abstraction techniques when appropriate) will be less important to a module which serves a specific, clearly defined function for a small number of contributors, and critical to a module which supports a variety of uses and a broad contributor group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Creating a New Module ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ideally, a Module should exist for all significant chunks of work or code within our project. However, we prefer to only designate modules for code or activities that are likely to remain permanently (or at least long-term) in our project. Therefore, brand new efforts are usually developed outside the module system, and new modules are created once it is evident and widely agreed-upon that a codebase or activity has met the requirements for module ownership.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you are confident that a new module is needed, you should post a message to the [[Governance/Modules#Module_Ownership_System|Module Ownership module]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Poorly Maintained Modules ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Periodically a module is not well maintained and no longer interacts well with the rest of the codebase. This can happen where there is no module owner, or when a designated module owner is too busy with other things to tend to the module. Conceivably it could happen when a module owner is active, but has an approach to a module that the community in general believes is inappropriate. We prefer that the development community identify such modules, propose a solution, and implement improvement. If this can't happen for some reason then the Module Ownership Peers will get involved to find the best possible resolution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/module-ownership.html}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Template:ApprovedChangesOnly&amp;diff=89074</id>
		<title>Template:ApprovedChangesOnly</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Template:ApprovedChangesOnly&amp;diff=89074"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:47:30Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| Do not edit this page unless you are confident you are allowed to do so. See [[Governance/WikiEdits|this page]] for details.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Template:ApprovedChangesOnly&amp;diff=89073</id>
		<title>Template:ApprovedChangesOnly</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Template:ApprovedChangesOnly&amp;diff=89073"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:46:20Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;padding:0.5em;&amp;quot; | Do not edit this page unless you are confident you are allowed to do so. See [[Governance/WikiEdits|this page]] for details.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Template:ApprovedChangesOnly&amp;diff=89072</id>
		<title>Template:ApprovedChangesOnly</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Template:ApprovedChangesOnly&amp;diff=89072"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:45:52Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;padding:0.5em; font-size:12pt;&amp;quot; | Do not edit this page unless you are confident you are allowed to do so. See [[Governance/WikiEdits|this page]] for details.&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance&amp;diff=89070</id>
		<title>Project Governance</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance&amp;diff=89070"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:44:48Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Creative Commons software products and technical work are developed as open source projects, and governed as a meritocracy. Our community is structured as a virtual organization where authority is distributed to both volunteer and employed community members as they show their abilities through contributions to the project.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Our governance system has been in large part modeled after the [https://mozilla.org/ Mozilla project], which operates under a '''module ownership governance system'''. You can read more about the way Mozilla defines and uses this system [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/governance/ here]. However, note that although we have used this as a starting point, Creative Commons will chart its own path and set its own rules. Do not expect the systems to be identical.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Policies ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Module_System|Modules and Module Ownership]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/License_Policy|License Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/New_Contributor_and Access_Policy|Becoming a Contributor and Access Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Community_Guidelines|Community Participation Guidelines]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modules ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Modules|Current modules and module owners]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|page=Governance}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Module_System&amp;diff=89069</id>
		<title>Project Governance/Module System</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance/Module_System&amp;diff=89069"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:40:27Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Protected &amp;quot;Governance/Module System&amp;quot; (‎[edit=sysop] (indefinite) ‎[move=sysop] (indefinite))&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creative Commons software products and technical activities are diverse and larger than what a single person can (or should) directly do by themselves. Moreover, we wish to be as open, inclusive, and transparent as possible, given the nature of our organization and our values. Thus, we seek to organize ourselves in a way that delegates decision-making authority to the edges, while at the same time promoting individuals who prove themselves to be trustworthy and capable. In other words: we self-organize as a meritocracy, insofar as it is possible for us to do so.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Taking the template from the Mozilla governance system (see [https://www.mozilla.org/hacking/module-ownership.html here]), we break up our code and activities into &amp;quot;Modules&amp;quot;, each of which has a Module Owner. A module is, in the case of code, a piece of functionality, or in the case of non-code, an activity, with reasonably well-defined boundaries. Some of the below explanation is code-focused, but analogous points can be made for non-code.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The work of the module owners and the health of the system are overseen by the owner and peers of the &amp;quot;Module Ownership&amp;quot; module. A number of larger modules (for example, the Governance module) have sub-modules subordinate to them. The module owner and peers of the appropriate module is responsible for sub-module ownership appointment and removal in those areas.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These wiki pages are used to document the rules and policies of the system, as well as the current set of modules, module owners, and peers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== The Module Owner Role ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A &amp;quot;module owner&amp;quot; is the person to whom leadership of a module's work has been delegated. The responsibilities of module ownership might include, in the case of a code module: improving code quality, implementing revisions and innovations as appropriate, coordinating development with that of the rest of the codebase, developing and maintaining a shared understanding of where the module is headed, developing APIs where appropriate, documenting as much as possible, responding appropriately to code contributions, design suggestions and stated needs of the community, and creating an environment where competent newcomers are welcomed and included.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A module owner's OK is required to check code into that module. In exchange, we expect the module owner to care about what goes in, respond to patches submitted by others, and be able to appreciate code developed by other people. Module owners have a fair amount of flexibility in how they do this. We do not have an elaborate set of rules or procedures for how module owners manage their modules. If it works and the community is generally happy, great. If it doesn't, let's fix it and learn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module Owners need not do all the work of managing the module themselves. Module owners may identify others who can also approve code for check-in into a module. These developers are known as &amp;quot;peers&amp;quot; and ought to possess many of the qualities of a good module owner. Module owners must designate to a peer the evaluation of their own code; module owners are not permitted to review their own code. If there is no module owner, the OK of a peer is sufficient to check code into that module.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Module owners are not tyrants. They are chartered to make decisions with input from the community and in the best interests of the community. Module owners are not required to make code changes or additions solely because the community wants them to do so. (Like anyone else, the module owners may write code because they want to, because their employers want them to, because the community wants them to, or for some other reason.) Module owners do need to pay attention to patches submitted to that module. However &amp;quot;pay attention&amp;quot; does not mean agreeing to every patch. Some patches may not make sense for our project; some may be poorly implemented. Module owners have the authority to decline a patch; this is a necessary part of the role. We ask the module owners to describe in the relevant bug their reasons for wanting changes to a patch, for declining it altogether, or for postponing review for some period. We don't ask or expect them to rewrite patches to make them acceptable. Similarly, module owners may need to delay review of a promising patch due to an upcoming deadline. For example, a patch may be of interest, but not for the next milestone. In such a case it may make sense for the module owner to postpone review of a patch until after matters needed for a milestone have been finalized. Again, we expect this to be described in the relevant bug. And of course, it shouldn't go on very often or for very long or escalation and review is likely.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Escalation and Review ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The owner and peers of the Module Ownership module will get involved if controversy develops and cannot be resolved otherwise. A module owner may ask for a public statement of agreement with a particular action. Sometimes other contributors suggest ways in which a module owner might improve. Sometimes there is ongoing controversy. We prefer that the community resolve these issues when possible, but acknowledge that this can't happen all the time. We try to avoid making absolute decisions like &amp;quot;this must happen&amp;quot; but will do so if required.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Criteria for Module Ownership ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a number of important elements of good module ownership. First is the person's expertise with the area in question. But over time we've learned that a set of additional criteria is also important, and that a great hacker can be a poor module owner. The criteria that go into the mix for a good module owner include:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Expertise with the code in or activity of the module&lt;br /&gt;
# Current level of involvement with the module&lt;br /&gt;
# Understanding/vision of where the module ought to be headed&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to communicate with a diverse, geographically distributed community&lt;br /&gt;
# Willingness to evaluate contributions on their merits, regardless of their source (i.e., no 'not invented here' syndrome)&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to consider varying perspectives and needs of different consumers of that module&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And particularly for code modules:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
# Appropriate understanding of the project's codebase as a whole and the module's relationship to it&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to evaluate code for that module, including contributions of patches and new features&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to evaluate impact of code on other parts of the codebase&lt;br /&gt;
# Ability to resolve different needs through factoring or other abstraction techniques when appropriate&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Designating a Module Owner ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Appointment, removal and change of sub-module owners and peers is normally the work of the owner and peers of the module covering that area of the project. The Module Ownership Module team will generally intervene only in cases of dispute.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We prefer that an individual work with a module for some time and demonstrate the ability to fulfill most of the criteria most of the time (we're not naive enough to require perfection), and that a consensus form about designating this person as the module owner. This way the designation is more of a confirmation than an appointment. We haven't always done this, and we haven't always done it well.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This means that there will be times when there is no module owner. In particular, in some cases modules have received little attention, have started to rot, and some brave soul steps up to figure things out and get us back on track. We'll shower these folks with thanks for tackling the job, however we may not immediately designate them as module owners. Almost by definition, it will be difficult for this person to have demonstrated some of the criteria, until some time is spent working with the module. It's possible that someone's expertise is broad and so deep enough to do this, but we would expect this to be the exception rather than the rule.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In determining a module owner, the criteria above are not necessarily accorded the same weight for each module. The importance of a particular element depends on the module. For example, code criteria 1 (appropriate understanding of the codebase as a whole and the module's relationship to it) and 3 (ability to evaluate impact of code on other parts of the codebase) will be of less importance for modules that are self-contained, but of great importance for modules containing core technologies which affect other parts of the code significantly. Similarly, general criterion 6 (ability to consider varying perspectives and needs of different consumers of that module) and code criterion 4 (ability to resolve different needs through factoring or other abstraction techniques when appropriate) will be less important to a module which serves a specific, clearly defined function for a small number of contributors, and critical to a module which supports a variety of uses and a broad contributor group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Creating a New Module ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ideally, a Module should exist for all significant chunks of work or code within our project. However, we prefer to only designate modules for code or activities that are likely to remain permanently (or at least long-term) in our project. Therefore, brand new efforts are usually developed outside the module system, and new modules are created once it is evident and widely agreed-upon that a codebase or activity has met the requirements for module ownership.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you are confident that a new module is needed, you should post a message to the [[Governance/Modules#Module_Ownership_System|Module Ownership module]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Poorly Maintained Modules ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Periodically a module is not well maintained and no longer interacts well with the rest of the codebase. This can happen where there is no module owner, or when a designated module owner is too busy with other things to tend to the module. Conceivably it could happen when a module owner is active, but has an approach to a module that the community in general believes is inappropriate. We prefer that the development community identify such modules, propose a solution, and implement improvement. If this can't happen for some reason then the Module Ownership Peers will get involved to find the best possible resolution.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|site=www.mozilla.org|page=hacking/module-ownership.html}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance&amp;diff=89068</id>
		<title>Project Governance</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.creativecommons.org/index.php?title=Project_Governance&amp;diff=89068"/>
				<updated>2013-09-23T20:40:18Z</updated>
		
		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Dan Mills: Changed protection level for &amp;quot;Governance&amp;quot; (‎[edit=sysop] (indefinite) ‎[move=sysop] (indefinite))&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{ApprovedChangesOnly}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creative Commons software products and technical work are developed as open source projects, and governed as a meritocracy. Our community is structured as a virtual organization where authority is distributed to both volunteer and employed community members as they show their abilities through contributions to the project.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Our governance system has been in large part modeled after the [https://mozilla.org/ Mozilla project], which operates under a '''module ownership governance system'''. You can read more about the way Mozilla defines and uses this system [https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/about/governance/ here]. However, note that although we have used this as a starting point, Creative Commons will chart its own path and set its own rules. Do not expect the systems to be identical.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Policies ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Module_System|Modules and Module Ownership]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/License_Policy|License Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/New_Contributor_and Access_Policy|Becoming a Contributor and Access Policy]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Community_Guidelines|Community Participation Guidelines]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modules ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Governance/Modules|Current modules and module owners]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{IncludesContentWithLicense|page=Governance}}&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Dan Mills</name></author>	</entry>

	</feed>