Creative Commons - User contributions [en]

Developers

2013-05-10T13:30:48Z

CCmatt:

'''Welcome to the CC Developer Community!''' This is where you'll find all
about the technologies and software products that CC uses to push
forward our mission to maximize digital creativity, sharing, and
innovation.

== Get Involved ==

All of the projects developed at Creative Commons are open source
software, and just like most open source projects, outside involvement
is key to its success[http://www.teamlaw.com .] But you don't have to be a software developer
to join us--we'd love to have you in the discussion if you're a user
researcher, designer, translator, or just interested in the topic.

; E-mail
: Join our [http://lists.ibiblio.org/mailman/listinfo/cc-devel mailing list]
; IRC
: Chat with us real-time on [irc://irc.freenode.net/cc irc] (Freenode, #cc)

Coming soon: public team meetings, and other ways to engage.

== Projects ==

; [[OpenHome]]
: A Creative Commons homepage with your content
; [[Summer of Code 2013|Google Summer of Code 2013]]
: Ideas and more.
; [[Translate|Localization]]
: Find out how to help the Creative Commons community with translations.

== Core Technologies ==

; [[RDFa]]
: Standard for adding machine-readable statements to web pages.
; [[CcREL]]
: Language for adding licensing information to web pages.
; [[LRMI]]
: Language for describing educational resources on the web.
; [[Liblicense]]
: Library for embedding licensing metadata into files of various formats. (note: now somewhat out of date!)

<br clear="all"/>

{{Translations
| articles = Pt:Programadores, Ru:Разработчикам, Vi:Phát Triển Viên
}}

[[Category:Developer]]

__NOTOC__

CC0

2013-05-10T13:29:19Z

CCmatt:

'''CC0''' is the "no rights reserved" in Creative Commons licensing - it effectively means releasing your work as [[public domain]].

CC0 is a single purpose tool, designed to take on the dedication function of the former [[Public Domain Dedication and Certification]].

How effectively this works may depend on your legal regime, but the tool is intended to effectively release rights even in legal contexts where this is difficult.

Note that CC0 is a three-tier instrument. We recognize that a waiver may not be effective in most jurisdictions, and CC0's enforceability is not solely dependent on the waiver[http://www.teamlaw.com .] The fall back public license is similar to our Attribution-only license with the attribution requirement waived. The BY license is enforceable around the world -- this public license tier is in some ways the core of CC0. The third and final tier is a non assertion by the copyright holder that even if the waiver and license do not operate as intended, the copyright holder will not take any actions that prevents a user of the work from exercising rights consistent with the intention of the copyright holder.

For detailed information see [[CC0 FAQ]].

{{Translations
| articles = Pt:CC0, Ksh:CC0, Fr:CC0, De:CC0
}}

[[Category:License]]
[[Category:CC0]]

Legal Concepts

2013-05-10T13:27:35Z

CCmatt: /* The Public Domain */

[[Category:Legal]]
[[Category:Probably outdated]]

Read more about the fundamental concepts that inspire Creative Commons: [http://creativecommons.org/about/legal/#pd the public domain], [http://creativecommons.org/about/legal/#commons the commons], [http://creativecommons.org/about/legal/#opencontent open content], and [http://creativecommons.org/about/legal/#ip intellectual property conservancies].

==The Public Domain==

Creativity and innovation rely on a rich heritage of prior intellectual endeavor. We stand on the shoulders of giants by revisiting, reusing, and transforming the ideas and works of our peers and predecessors. Digital communications promise a new explosion of this kind of collaborative creative activity. But at the same time, expanding intellectual property protection leaves fewer and fewer creative works in the “public domain” — the body of creative material unfettered by law and, to quote Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis, “free as the air to common use.”

Until 1976, creative works were not protected by U.S. copyright law unless their authors took the trouble to publish a copyright notice along with them. Works not affixed with a notice passed into the public domain. Following legislative changes in 1976 and 1988, creative works are now automatically copyrighted. We believe that many people would not choose this “copyright by default” if they had an easy mechanism for turning their work over to the public or exercising some but not all of their legal rights[http://www.teamlaw.com .] It is Creative Commons’ goal to help create such a mechanism.

===Background on and examples of the value of the public domain===
*“[[Cultivating the Public Domain]],” Creative Commons White Paper.

*[http://www.law.duke.edu/pd/papers.html Conference on the Public Domain], Duke Law School (collected conference papers).

*“[http://www.edwardsamuels.com/copyright/beyond/articles/public.html The Public Domain in Copyright Law],” Edward Samuels, 41 Journal of the Copyright Society 137 (1993).

*“[http://www.law.nyu.edu/ili/conferences/freeinfo2000/abstracts/eisengberg.html The Public Domain in Genomics],” Rebecca A. Eisenberg (2000).

*“[http://www.pipeline.com/~rabaron/VRA-TM-SF-PublicDomain.htm Making the Public Domain Public],” Robert A. Baron (revised Apr. 28, 2000).

*[http://www.gutenberg.net Project Gutenberg]

*[http://www.ibiblio.org/eldritch Eldritch Press]

===Organizations that support the public domain===
*[http://www.culturalpolicy.org/commons/directorydetail.cfm?ID=139 Center for the Public Domain]

*[http://www.publicknowledge.org/ Public Knowledge]

*[http://www.public-domain.org/ Union for the Public Domain]

*[http://www.unesco.org/webworld/index.shtml UNESCO, Communication and Information in the Knowledge Society]

===The public domain in the news===
*“[http://www.villagevoice.com/issues/0216/stirland.php Other People’s Property],” Sarah Lai Stirland, Village Voice (Apr. 2002).

==The Commons==
Related to the public domain is the more general idea of “the commons” — resources that are not divided into individual bits of property but rather are jointly held so that anyone may use them without special permission. Think of public streets, parks, waterways, outer space, and creative works in the public domain — all of these things are, in a way, part of the commons.

The “tragedy of the commons” is the familiar notion that widespread public use of a commons leads to its inevitable depletion. But some resources, once created, cannot be depleted. In the words of Thomas Jefferson, “He who receives an idea from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine receives light without darkening me.” An idea is not diminished when more people use it. Creative Commons aspires to cultivate a commons in which people can feel free to reuse not only ideas, but also words, images, and music without asking permission — because permission has already been granted to everyone.

===Background on the value of the commons===

*“[http://www.bollier.org/pdf/PA_Report.pdf Public Assets, Private Profits],” David Bollier (2001).

*“[http://www.yesmagazine.com/18Commons/ Reclaiming the Commons],” Yes! Magazine (Summer 2001).

*“[http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/events/lessigkeynote.pdf Reclaiming a Commons],” Lawrence Lessig (May 1999).

==Open Content==
The free software and open source software communities have inspired what is sometimes called “open content.” Some copyright holders have made books, music, and other creative works available under licenses that give anyone permission to copy and make other uses of the works without specific permission or a royalty payment. Creative Commons hopes to build on the work of these pioneers by creating a menu of license provisions that people can combine to make their work available for copying and creative reuses.

===Background===
*“[http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/Open_content Open content],” Wikipedia Encyclopedia.

*“[http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=4709 Why Open Content Matters],” Bryan Pfaffenberger, Linux Journal (Apr. 11, 2001).

*“[http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/projects/opencontent.html Open Content],” Berkman Center for Internet & Society.

===Licenses===

*[http://www.gnu.org/licenses/dsl.html Design Science License]

*[http://artlibre.org/licence/lalgb.html Free Art License]

*[http://www.fmpl.org/ Free Music Public License]

*[http://opencontent.org/opl.shtml Open Content License]

*[http://openmusic.linuxtag.org/showitem.php?item=209 Open Music License]

*[http://opencontent.org/openpub/ Open Publication License]

*[http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html GNU Free Documentation License]

==Intellectual Property Conservancies==
As we help people make their work available with public domain dedications and generous licenses, we will also build an “intellectual property conservancy.” Like a land trust or nature preserve, the conservancy will serve to protect works of special public value from exclusionary private ownership and from obsolescence due to neglect or technological change. We will encourage people to donate their works to Creative Commons to be held in public trust; in some cases, we may purchase important works to help guarantee both their integrity and widespread availability. Our ultimate goal is to develop a rich repository of high-quality works in a variety of media, and to promote an ethos of sharing, public education, and creative interactivity.

===Background on intellectual property conservancies===

*“[http://www.dlib.org/dlib/october01/kahle/10kahle.html Public Access to Digital Material],” Brewster Kahle, Rick Prelinger, and Mary E. Jackson (Mar. 5, 2001).

*“[http://www.dlib.org/dlib/december00/bearman/12bearman.html Intellectual Property Conservancies],” David Bearman, D-Lib Magazine (Dec. 2000).

*“[http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/9.12/lessig_pr.html May the Source Be With You],” Lawrence Lessig, Wired (Sept. 12, 2001).

*[http://www.tsc.org/ The Software Conservancy]

Public domain

2013-05-10T13:23:08Z

CCmatt: /* Appropedia's Public Domain Search */

When a work is in the '''public domain''', it is free for use by anyone for any purpose without restriction under copyright law. Public domain is the purest form of open/free, since no one owns or controls the material in any way.

Works that are in the public domain in one legal jurisdiction are not necessarily in the public domain worldwide. Copyright laws differ from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, both in duration of protection and what constitutes copyrightable subject matter. For example [http://usa.gov/copyright.shtml a US Government work] clearly in the public domain in the United States may or may not be free of copyright restrictions and in the public domain in other jurisdiction. At present, one of the only ways to be certain that a particular work is in the public domain worldwide is to see if the copyright holder has dedicated all rights to the work to the public domain by using http://wiki.creativecommons.org/CC0

Creative Commons licenses do not affect the status of a work that is in the public domain under applicable law, because our licenses only apply to works that are protected by copyright. For more information, see [[Before Licensing| our Licensing Guide]] to what you should know before you license a work using CC licenses

Find out more about [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain CC's public domain tools], and learn more about [http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain the public domain]

== When does a work enter the public domain? ==

This varies by country. To see when a work in the [[United States]] enters the public domain see copyright.[http://copyright.gov/pr/pdomain.html gov's] public domain page.

Cornell University has also provided a [http://copyright.cornell.edu/resources/publicdomain.cfm handy table about copyright term] and the public domain in the United States.

== Creative Commons public domain tools ==

* [[CC0]] (occasionally written as CC Zero) is a public domain dedication that allows copyright holders to place works in the public domain to the extent legally possible, worldwide.
* CC's [http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ Public Domain Mark] allows anyone to mark a work that is already free of copyright restrictions around the world .

See http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain for more information on CC's public domain tools.

Public domain content in practice is any content without copyright. It may be freed from restrictions by the copyright, or the copyright may lapse after a certain time.

The details in practice vary between countries. More information about public domain can be found at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain Wikipedia's article on the public domain].

== Appropedia's Public Domain Search ==

[http://appropedia.org/Appropedia%27s_Public_Domain_Search Appropedia's Public Domain Search] was started in late 2007 when it was discovered there was no effective public available. This operates on a completely different method to searches using the Creative Commons marks. It uses a manually maintained index of known [http://www.bestjuicer.biz sites] to be public domain - thus it is does not yield 100% public results, and content must be checked to confirm public domain status[http://phoenixcourtreporting.com .] Reliability is expected to improve and feedback by users is encouraged .

As CC public domain tools become widely used, searches based on the CC marks would be expected to a take over from Appropedia's Public Domain Search

== See also ==

* [[Cultivating the Public Domain]]
{{Translations
| articles = Hr:Javno dobro, Pt:Domínio público, Ru:Общественное достояние
}}

[[Category:Public domain]]